3-D Model of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianhong Zhou ◽  
Hongtan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Chemical Reaction Kinetics ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
D Model

Abstract A comprehensive three-dimensional model for a proton exchanger membrane (PEM) fuel cell is developed to evaluate the effects of various design and operating parameters on fuel cell performance. The geometrical model includes two distinct flow channels separated by the membrane and electrode assembly (MEA). This model is developed by coupling the governing equations for reactant mass transport and chemical reaction kinetics. To facilitate the numerical solution, the full PEM fuel cell was divided into three coupled domains according to the flow characteristics. The 3-D model has been applied to study species transport, heat transfer, and current density distributions within a fuel cell. The predicated polarization behavior is shown to compare well with experimental data from the literature. The modeling results demonstrate good potential for this computational model to be used in operation simulation as well as design optimization.

Effect of Nonuniform Stack Compression on Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Temperature Distributions

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Fekrazad ◽  
T. L. Bergman
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Compressive Load ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Cell Temperature ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Exchange Membrane

A three-dimensional model is used to predict the power output and internal temperature distribution of a small proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack. Of particular interest is the influence of nonuniform stack compression on thermal conditions inside the fuel cell. A dimensionless membrane isothermality is correlated with a dimensionless compressive load distribution, suggesting that similar relationships may be developed for other fuel cell geometries. Fuel cell performance, in terms of minimizing temperature variations inside the device, can be enhanced by application of nonuniform stack compression.

NUMERIAL INVESTIGATION OF THERMODIFFUSION EFFECTS ON PEM FUEL CELL PERFORMANCE

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (13) ◽  
pp. 1329-1332 ◽  
Author(s):  
RIHAB JARALLA ◽  
JUN CAO ◽  
ZIAD SAGHIR
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Electric Potentials ◽  
Exchange Membrane

An increasing amount of attention has been paid on the study of thermodiffusion effects on mass transport. This paper presents a novel mathematical model for an entire proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) with focus placed on the modeling and assessment of the role of thermodiffusion that has been usually neglected in previous fuel cell research work. Built upon the equations of continuity, momentum, energy, species concentrations, and electric potentials in different regions of a PEMFC, a set of nonlinear partial differential equations are numerically solved using finite element methods. The simulation results demonstrate that the thermodiffusion has a noticeable impact on transport of species in an operational PEMFC.

scholarly journals Numerical Investigation Of Thermodiffusion Effects On PEM Fuel Cell Performance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rihab. Jaralla
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Finite Thickness ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Catalyst Layers ◽  
Diffusion Layers

A novel mathematical model for an entire proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is developed with its focus placed on the modeling and assessment of thermodiffusion effects that have been neglected in previous studies. Instead of treating catalyst layers as interfaces of nil thickness, the model presented here features a finite thickness employed for catalyst layers, allowing for a more realistic description of electrochemical reaction kinetics arising in the operational PEMFC. To account for the membrane swelling effect, the membrane water balance is modeled by coupling the diffusion of water, the pressure variation, and the electro-osmotic drag. The complete model consisting of the equations of continuity, momentum, energy, species concentrations, and electric potentials in different regions of a PEMFC are numerically solved using the finite element method implemented into a commercial CFD (Comsol 3.4) code. Various flow and transport phenomena in an operational PEMFC are simulated using the newly developed model. The resulting numerical simulations demonstrate that the thermodiffusion has a noticeable impact on the mass transfer for the oxygen. It is also revealed through a systematic parametric study that, as the porosity of gas diffusion layers and catalyst layers increase, the current density of an operational PEMFC may increase. Also, it is found that a PEM fuel cell can perform better with reasonable high operating pressure and temperature, as well as a supply of fully humidified gaseous reactants.

Numerical Investigation of Performance Studies on Single Pass PEM Fuel Cell with Various Flow Channel Design

2014 ◽  
Vol 592-594 ◽  
pp. 1672-1676 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Lakshminarayanan ◽  
P. Karthikeyan ◽  
M. Muthukumar ◽  
A.P. Senthil Kumar ◽  
B. Kavin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Flow Channel ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Stoichiometric Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Single Pass

The Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell performance not only depends on the operating parameters like temperature, pressure, the stoichiometric ratio of reactants, relative humidity and back pressure on anode and cathode flow channels, but it also depends on design parameters like channel width to rib width, channel depth and number of passes on the flow channel. In this paper numerical analysis were carried out with six different cross-sections of the channel, namely square, triangle, parallelogram 14o, parallelogram 26o, trapezium and inverted trapezium of 1.25 cm2active area with a constant cross sectional area of 0.01 cm2of single pass PEM fuel cell. The model was created and simulated under various pressures and temperature with a constant mass flow rate by using fluent CFD and the influence of the single pass flow channel on the performance of PEM fuel cell has been investigated.

Key parameters of active layers affecting proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell performance

Energy ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 1794-1800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarupuk Thepkaew ◽  
Apichai Therdthianwong ◽  
Supaporn Therdthianwong
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Active Layers ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Effects of CO on Performance of HT-PEM Fuel Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 724-725 ◽  
pp. 723-728
Author(s):  
Xue Nan Zhao ◽  
Hong Sun ◽  
Zhi Jie Li
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Electrochemical Reaction ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Pem Fuel Cells ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance

High temperature proton exchange membrane (HT-PEM) fuel cell is considered as one of the most probable fuel cells to be large-scale applied due to characteristics of high efficiency, friendly to environment, low fuel requirement, ease water and heat management, and so on. However, carbon monoxide (CO) content in fuel plays an important role in the performance of HT-PEM fuel cells. Volt-ampere characteristics and AC impedance of HT-PEM fuel cell are tested experimentally in this paper, and effects of CO in fuel on its performance are analyzed. The experimental results show that CO in fuel increases remarkably the Faraday resistance of HT-PEM fuel cell and decreases the electrochemical reaction at anode; the more CO content in fuel is, the less HT-PEM fuel cell performance is; with the increasing cell temperature, the electrochemical reaction on the surface of catalyst at anode is improved and the poisonous effects on the HT-PEM fuel cell are alleviated.

scholarly journals Modeling the effect of rib and channel dimensions on the performance of high temperature fuel cells-parallel configuration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balaji Krishnamurthy ◽  
Vikalp Jha
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Field Configuration ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Channel Width ◽  
Channel Depth ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Gas Channel

This work investigates the effect of rib width, channel width and channel depth on the performance of a high temperature proton exchange membrane (HT-PEM) fuel cell with parallel flow field configuration. Simulation results indicate that the rib width has the maximum impact on the performance of the fuel cell. The lower the rib width, the better is performance of HT-PEM fuel cell. Changing the channel width seems to have a moderate effect, while changing the channel depth seems to have very limited impact on the fuel cell performance. The effect of various rib width and channel dimensions on the pressure drop across the channel is also studied. The concentration profile of the oxygen across the cathode gas channel is modeled as a function of the channel width and depth. Modeling results are found to be in well agreement with experimental data.

scholarly journals Numerical Investigation Of Thermodiffusion Effects On PEM Fuel Cell Performance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rihab. Jaralla
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Finite Thickness ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Catalyst Layers ◽  
Diffusion Layers

A novel mathematical model for an entire proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is developed with its focus placed on the modeling and assessment of thermodiffusion effects that have been neglected in previous studies. Instead of treating catalyst layers as interfaces of nil thickness, the model presented here features a finite thickness employed for catalyst layers, allowing for a more realistic description of electrochemical reaction kinetics arising in the operational PEMFC. To account for the membrane swelling effect, the membrane water balance is modeled by coupling the diffusion of water, the pressure variation, and the electro-osmotic drag. The complete model consisting of the equations of continuity, momentum, energy, species concentrations, and electric potentials in different regions of a PEMFC are numerically solved using the finite element method implemented into a commercial CFD (Comsol 3.4) code. Various flow and transport phenomena in an operational PEMFC are simulated using the newly developed model. The resulting numerical simulations demonstrate that the thermodiffusion has a noticeable impact on the mass transfer for the oxygen. It is also revealed through a systematic parametric study that, as the porosity of gas diffusion layers and catalyst layers increase, the current density of an operational PEMFC may increase. Also, it is found that a PEM fuel cell can perform better with reasonable high operating pressure and temperature, as well as a supply of fully humidified gaseous reactants.

IMPACT OF PRESSURE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELL

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 6462-6467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muthukumar. M ◽  
Karthikeyan. P ◽  
Mathews Eldho ◽  
Nagarathinam. P ◽  
Panneer Selvam.E.P ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Optimum Pressure ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Serpentine Flow Field ◽  
Exchange Membrane

The Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell performance not only depends on temperature but also depends on the operating pressure, which will increase the performance of the PEM fuel cell. The PEM fuel cell with serpentine flow field was modeled using Solidworks software and analyzed using ANSYS software. By analysis of three different pressures on the PEM fuel cell, and came to know that the optimum pressure gives the best performance. The peak power density occurs in the constant temperature of 323 K with the pressure of 2 bar.

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