Calibration Tests of New Type Flow-Metering System by Ultrasonic Pulse-Doppler Profile-Velocimetry at National Standard Loops

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michitsugu Mori ◽  
Kenichi Tezuka ◽  
Takeshi Suzuki ◽  
Mark Sapia ◽  
Edward Schrull ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
National Standard ◽  
National Metrology Institute ◽  
Expanded Uncertainty ◽  
Flow Metering ◽  
Doppler Profile ◽  
Type Flow ◽  
New Type ◽  
Pulse Doppler

To verify high accuracy of a new type flow-metering system based on the measurements of line velocity profiles, eliminating Profile Factors, calibration tests of “UDF”, the flow-metering system by ultrasonic pulse-Doppler profile-velocimetry, were conducted at national standard loops worldwide, including the National Institute of Standard Technology (NIST) of the U.S. Department of Commerce, the National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ) of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) in Japan, the Nederlands Meetinstituut (NMI) in Netherlands, and the Centro National de Metrologia (CENAM) in Mexico. The deviations of UDF to the standard loops in the calibration tests for water were found between −0.23% and +0.26% at NIST, 0.1% and 0.4% at NMIJ, and −0.52% and +0.59% at NMI in terms of the average values of each measurement. Following improvements to the UDF System, the calibration tests at CENAM exhibited the deviations between −0.18% and +0.23% and the expanded uncertainty with ±0.21%.

DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW SMALL-RATED-CAPACITY REFERENCE TORQUE WRENCH

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 1360023 ◽  
Author(s):  
ATSUHIRO NISHINO ◽  
KOJI OGUSHI ◽  
KAZUNAGA UEDA
Keyword(s):  
Calibration Method ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
National Metrology Institute ◽  
Coverage Factor ◽  
Expanded Uncertainty ◽  
Dead Weight ◽  
Traceability System ◽  
Measuring Devices ◽  
Torque Wrench ◽  
Japanese Industry

It is imperative that torque standard of small rated capacity is established and disseminated throughout Japanese industry. A 10 N·m dead weight torque standard machine (10-N·m-DWTSM) has been developed and evaluated at the National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), part of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST). By 2012, the relative expanded uncertainty of torque realized by the 10-N·m-DWTSM was estimated to be 6.6 × 10−5, with the coverage factor k begin equal to 2, in a range from 0.1 N·m to 10 N·m for calibrations of the torque measuring devices (TMDs). Calibration service for small-rated-capacity TMDs was started to disseminate the torque standard throughout Japanese industry. Here, there are two routes in the torque traceability system in Japan. One is the route for TMDs and the other one is the route for reference torque wrenches (RTWs). The torque standard in the form of RTWs has been disseminated in the range from 5 N·m to 5 kN·m by using the TSMs owned by NMIJ. There remains a strong demand to expand the calibration range of RTWs. To expand the range, we should develop the new high-accuracy small-rated-capacity RTW and evaluate its calibration method. In this study, a high-accuracy RTW (TP-5N-1109), which had a rated capacity of 5 N·m, was newly developed and calibrated with the 10-N·m-DWTSM to evaluate its characteristics. The ordinary calibration procedures adopted at NMIJ was investigated whether it was applicable to the small-rated-capacity RTWs. As a result, the TP-5N-1109 showed good performance in the creep testing, and its characteristic curves were draw for all cases of the calibration procedures. The repeatability in the calibration results was good. We clarified the problem with the calibration conditions of the small-rated-capacity RTW to calibrate it by three cases.

Measurements of single-phase and two-phase flows in a vertical pipe using ultrasonic pulse Doppler method and ultrasonic time-domain cross-correlation method

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tat Thang Nguyen ◽  
Hiroshige Kikura ◽  
Ngoc Hai Duong ◽  
Hideki Murakawa ◽  
Nobuyoshi Tsuzuki
Keyword(s):  
Time Domain ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Beam Diameter ◽  
Vertical Pipe ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Ultrasonic Time ◽  
Pulse Doppler

Ultrasonic Velocity Profile (UVP) method for measurement of single-phase and two-phase flow in a vertical pipe has recently been developed in the Laboratory for industrial and Environmental Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Mechanics, VAST. The signal processings of the UVP method include the ultrasonic pulse Doppler method (UDM)and the ultrasonic time-domain cross-correlation (UTDC) method. For two-phase flow, simultaneous measurements of both liquid and gas are enabled by using a multi-wave ultrasonic transducer (multi-wave TDX). The multi-wave TDX is able to emit and receive ultrasound of two different center frequencies of 2 MHz and 8 MHz at the same time and position. 2 MHz frequency with beam diameter 10 mm is exploited for measurement of gas. 8 MHz one with beam diameter 3 mm is used for liquid. Measurements have been carried out for laminar and turbulent single-phase flows and bubbly counter-current two-phase flows in two flow loops using two vertical pipes of 26 mm inner diameter (I.D.) and 50 mm I.D. respectively. Based on the measured results, assessment of each method is clarified. Applicability of each method for different conditions of pipe flow has been tested. Suggestions for application of the two methods have been recommended.

scholarly journals X-ray Diffraction Analysis and Williamson-Hall Method in USDM Model for Estimating More Accurate Values of Stress-Strain of Unit Cell and Super Cells (2 × 2 × 2) of Hydroxyapatite, Confirmed by Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Test

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2949
Author(s):  
Marzieh Rabiei ◽  
Arvydas Palevicius ◽  
Amir Dashti ◽  
Sohrab Nasiri ◽  
Ahmad Monshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Deformation Model ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Uniform Deformation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pulse Echo

Taking into account X-ray diffraction, one of the well-known methods for calculating the stress-strain of crystals is Williamson-Hall (W–H). The W-H method has three models, namely (1) Uniform deformation model (UDM); (2) Uniform stress deformation model (USDM); and (3) Uniform deformation energy density model (UDEDM). The USDM and UDEDM models are directly related to the modulus of elasticity (E). Young’s modulus is a key parameter in engineering design and materials development. Young’s modulus is considered in USDM and UDEDM models, but in all previous studies, researchers used the average values of Young’s modulus or they calculated Young’s modulus only for a sharp peak of an XRD pattern or they extracted Young’s modulus from the literature. Therefore, these values are not representative of all peaks derived from X-ray diffraction; as a result, these values are not estimated with high accuracy. Nevertheless, in the current study, the W-H method is used considering the all diffracted planes of the unit cell and super cells (2 × 2 × 2) of Hydroxyapatite (HA), and a new method with the high accuracy of the W-H method in the USDM model is presented to calculate stress (σ) and strain (ε). The accounting for the planar density of atoms is the novelty of this work. Furthermore, the ultrasonic pulse-echo test is performed for the validation of the novelty assumptions.

scholarly journals Automatic speech segmentation using throat-acoustic correlation coefficients

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rustam Rafikovich Mussabayev ◽  
Maksat N. Kalimoldayev ◽  
Yedilkhan N. Amirgaliyev ◽  
Timur R. Mussabayev
Keyword(s):  
Large Volume ◽  
Automatic Segmentation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Speech Segmentation ◽  
Preliminary Training ◽  
Effi Ciency ◽  
Segmentation Accuracy ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Given

Abstract This work considers one of the approaches to the solution of the task of discrete speech signal automatic segmentation. The aim of this work is to construct such an algorithm which should meet the following requirements: segmentation of a signal into acoustically homogeneous segments, high accuracy and segmentation speed, unambiguity and reproducibility of segmentation results, lack of necessity of preliminary training with the use of a special set consisting of manually segmented signals. Development of the algorithm which corresponds to the given requirements was conditioned by the necessity of formation of automatically segmented speech databases that have a large volume. One of the new approaches to the solution of this task is viewed in this article. For this purpose we use the new type of informative features named TAC-coefficients (Throat-Acoustic Correlation coefficients) which provide sufficient segmentation accuracy and effi- ciency.

Non-Darcy effects in fracture flows of a yield stress fluid

2016 ◽  
Vol 805 ◽  
pp. 222-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Roustaei ◽  
T. Chevalier ◽  
L. Talon ◽  
I. A. Frigaard
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Yield Stress ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Stokes Problem ◽  
Type Flow ◽  
New Type ◽  
Approximate Expressions ◽  
Limiting Pressure Gradient ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Limiting Pressure

We study non-inertial flows of single-phase yield stress fluids along uneven/rough-walled channels, e.g. approximating a fracture, with two main objectives. First, we re-examine the usual approaches to providing a (nonlinear) Darcy-type flow law and show that significant errors arise due to self-selection of the flowing region/fouling of the walls. This is a new type of non-Darcy effect not previously explored in depth. Second, we study the details of flow as the limiting pressure gradient is approached, deriving approximate expressions for the limiting pressure gradient valid over a range of different geometries. Our approach is computational, solving the two-dimensional Stokes problem along the fracture, then upscaling. The computations also reveal interesting features of the flow for more complex fracture geometries, providing hints about how to extend Darcy-type approaches effectively.

First measurement service applied to event dating for reliable business transactions: metrology for digital transformation using Colombian legal time.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Fernanda Rodriguez ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Transformation ◽  
National Standards ◽  
National Standard ◽  
National Metrology Institute ◽  
Remote Measurement ◽  
Time Service ◽  
Network Time ◽  
Network Time Protocol ◽  
National Comparison ◽  
The Difference

Diffusing the legal time in Colombia is one missional assessment of INM (National Metrology Institute of Colombia). This is done via a public IP through an NTP server (Network Time Protocol Server) disciplined to the National Standard of Time and Frequency. So, the companies can synchronize their servers, but they do not have certainty about the difference that exists between the time of the client-server and the legal time of the INM server because there is not a constant verification implemented by themselves. In Colombia, the demand for the legal time service has increased because it is used by many companies due to the rise of innovative applications such as time-stamp, digital signature, electronic invoice, and economic transactions. This has an impact on the economic environment of a country for world trade. For this reason, the INM of Colombia implemented a new service to measure the synchronization offset with the legal time, which allows the companies to have a new service that generates reliability respecting the time they use to provide their services. Inspired by the INM contribution to the international comparison Universal Time Coordinated (UTC) and the intercomparison of the National Standards of Time and Frequency implemented through the SIM time scale (SIMT) using GPS (Global Positioning System), the INM developed a customized application for national comparison using NTP. As a result, this is the first remote measurement service as evidence of metrology for digital transformation in Colombia in the field of time and frequency.

scholarly journals Deep Ocean Temperature Measurement with an Uncertainty of 0.7 mK

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 2199-2210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Uchida ◽  
Toshiya Nakano ◽  
Jun Tamba ◽  
Januarius V. Widiatmo ◽  
Kazuaki Yamazawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Measurement ◽  
Deep Ocean ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Attitude Motion ◽  
National Metrology Institute ◽  
Ocean Temperature ◽  
Triple Point Of Water ◽  
Salinity Data ◽  
Temperature Depth ◽  
Gallium Melting Point

AbstractThe uncertainty of deep ocean temperature (~1°C) measurement was evaluated. The time drifts of six deep ocean standards thermometers were examined based on laboratory calibrations as performed by the manufacturer in triple point of water (TPW) cells and gallium-melting-point (GaMP) cells. The time drifts ranged from −0.11 to 0.14 mK yr−1. Three of the six thermometers were evaluated at the National Metrology Institute of Japan in five TPW cells and a GaMP cell, and the temperature readings agreed with the realized temperature of the national standard cells of Japan within ±0.14 and ±0.41 mK for TPW and GaMP, respectively. The pressure sensitivities of the deep ocean standards thermometers were estimated by comparison with conductivity–temperature–depth (CTD) thermometers in the deep ocean, and no notable difference was detected. Pressure sensitivities of the two CTD thermometers were examined by laboratory tests, and the results suggest that the deep ocean standards thermometers have no pressure sensitivity, at least up to 65 MPa. The position and attitude motion of the CTD system can affect temperature and salinity data quality. The overall expanded uncertainty of the deep ocean temperature measurement (up to 65 MPa) by the CTD thermometer calibrated in reference to the deep ocean standards thermometer is estimated to be 0.7 mK.

scholarly journals Analysis of Ultrasound Propagation in High-Temperature Nuclear Reactor Feedwater to Investigate a Clamp-on Ultrasonic Pulse Doppler Flowmeter

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 752-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenichi TEZUKA ◽  
Michitsugu MORI ◽  
Sanehiro WADA ◽  
Masanori ARITOMI ◽  
Hiroshige KIKURA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Ultrasound Propagation ◽  
Pulse Doppler ◽  
Doppler Flowmeter

The densities and limiting densities of vapours

1951 ◽  
Vol 207 (1091) ◽  
pp. 483-495 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Multiple Point ◽  
General Applicability ◽  
Accurate Comparison ◽  
New Type ◽  
Low Pressures ◽  
Different Sources

By means of a new type of microbalance working in conjunction with a multiple-point manometer, an accurate comparison of the balancing pressures at the same density of oxygen and benzene vapour has been made at 22° C and in the region of from 19 to 69 mm. of benzene pressure. Four samples of highly purified benzene from different sources all gave for the molecular weight of the vapour the same result, which was very close to the theoretical value calculated from International Atomic Weights. It is claimed that the method is of general applicability, and that it is now possible to obtain for vapours at low pressures compressibilities and densities of high accuracy.

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