A Theoretical Study on Performance and Combustion Characteristics of HCCI Engine Operation With Diesel Surrogate Fuels: n-Heptane, Dimethyl Ether

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Navid Shahangian ◽  
Mojtaba Keshavarz ◽  
Ghasem Javadirad ◽  
Nader Bagheri ◽  
Seyed Ali Jazayeri
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Ether ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Main Stage ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Hcci Engine ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Hcci Engines

HCCI engines have low emission and high efficiency values compared to the conventional internal combustion engines. These engines can operate on most alternative fuels such as dimethyl ether (DME), which has been tested as a possible diesel fuel for its simultaneously reduced NOx and PM emissions. HCCI combustion of both DME and n-heptane fuels display a distinct two-stage ignition reaction with the first stage taking place at fairly low temperatures and the second stage taking place at high temperatures. The second stage is responsible for the main stage of the heat release process. In this study, a single-zone, zero-dimensional, thermo-kinetic combustion model has been developed. MATLAB software is used to predict engine performance characteristics of HCCI engines using two types of diesel fuel: Dimethyl ether and N-heptane. The effects of intake temperature and pressure, fuel loading and addition of EGR gases on auto-ignition characteristics, optimum combustion phasing, and performance of the HCCI engines are considered in this study. Simultaneous effects of these variables for finding the most appropriate regime of HCCI engine operation, considering knock and misfire boundaries, are also investigated.

DIESEL ENGINE OPERATION IN USE OF FUEL WITH ADDITIVES

2018 ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Petar Kazakov ◽  
Atanas Iliev ◽  
Emil Marinov
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Positive Effects

Over the decades, more attention has been paid to emissions from the means of transport and the use of different fuels and combustion fuels for the operation of internal combustion engines than on fuel consumption. This, in turn, enables research into products that are said to reduce fuel consumption. The report summarizes four studies of fuel-related innovation products. The studies covered by this report are conducted with diesel fuel and usually contain diesel fuel and three additives for it. Manufacturers of additives are based on already existing studies showing a 10-30% reduction in fuel consumption. Comparative experimental studies related to the use of commercially available diesel fuel with and without the use of additives have been performed in laboratory conditions. The studies were carried out on a stationary diesel engine СМД-17КН equipped with brake КИ1368В. Repeated results were recorded, but they did not confirm the significant positive effect of additives on specific fuel consumption. In some cases, the factors affecting errors in this type of research on the effectiveness of fuel additives for commercial purposes are considered. The reasons for the positive effects of such use of additives in certain engine operating modes are also clarified.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Biofuels and Fischer–Tropsch Diesel Blends on the Engine Combustion Performance for Reducing Exhaust Gaseous and Particulate Emissions

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1538
Author(s):  
Felipe Andrade Torres ◽  
Omid Doustdar ◽  
Jose Martin Herreros ◽  
Runzhao Li ◽  
Robert Poku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Oxidation Catalyst ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Fischer Tropsch ◽  
Engine Combustion

The worldwide consumption of fossil hydrocarbons in the road transport sector in 2020 corresponded to roughly half of the overall consumption. However, biofuels have been discreetly contributing to mitigate gaseous emissions and participating in sustainable development, and thus leading to the extending of the commercial utilization of internal combustion engines. In this scenario, the present work aims at exploring the effects of alternative fuels containing a blend of 15% ethanol and 35% biodiesel with a 50% fossil diesel (E15D50B35) or 50% Fischer–Tropsch (F-T) diesel (E15FTD50B35) on the engine combustion, exhaust emissions (CO, HC, and NOx), particulate emissions characteristics as well as the performance of an aftertreatment system of a common rail diesel engine. It was found that one of the blends (E15FTD50B35) showed more than 30% reduction in PM concentration number, more than 25% reduction in mean particle size, and more than 85% reduction in total PM mass with respect to conventional diesel fuel. Additionally, it was found that the E15FTD50B35 blend reduces gaseous emissions of total hydrocarbons (THC) by more than 25% and NO by 3.8%. The oxidation catalyst was effective in carbonaceous emissions reduction, despite the catalyst light-off being slightly delayed in comparison to diesel fuel blends.

Effects of stroke on spark-ignition combustion with gasoline and methanol

2021 ◽  
pp. 146808742110396
Author(s):  
Christian Wouters ◽  
Patrick Burkardt ◽  
Marcus Fischer ◽  
Michael Blomberg ◽  
Stefan Pischinger
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Velocity ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Efficiency Gain ◽  
Lean Burn ◽  
Piston Speed ◽  
Long Stroke ◽  
Stroke Engine

Besides electrification of the powertrain, new synthetic alternative fuels with the potential to be produced from renewable sources come into focus. Methanol is the most elementary liquid synthetic fuel and no novelty for use in internal combustion engines. This article presents pathways to achieve high efficiency spark-ignition methanol combustion on a direct injection spark-ignition single-cylinder research engine with two different stroke-to-bore ratios (1.2 and 1.5) and a constant bore. In addition, two compression ratios (CRs) were investigated on each setup: CR = 10.8 using RON95 E10 gasoline fuel and a higher CR = 15 using neat methanol. In contrast to previous studies of stroke-to-bore ratio influences on SI combustion, this article aims at demonstrating how the advantages of a high stroke-to-bore ratio can be exploited by combining a long-stroke engine with increased compression ratios and methanol. The increased stroke enhances the tumble motion due to a higher piston speed and a larger compression volume which improves the mixture homogenization and combustion velocity. Moreover, the lower surface/volume ratio results in a reduced heat transfer. When using RON95E10 gasoline fuel and CR = 10.8, an efficiency gain of up to 1.6% could be achieved with the long-stroke compared to the short-stroke especially at lower engine loads. With methanol and CR = 15, an efficiency gain of up to 1.6% could be achieved with the long-stroke setup compared to the short-stroke engine. Subsequently, lean burn conditions were experimentally investigated with methanol and CR = 15. The longer stroke allowed the lean burn limit to be extended from λ = 1.9 to λ = 2.0 with an efficiency gain of up to 2.2%. A maximum indicated efficiency of 47.4% could be achieved at λ = 1.9 with methanol on the long-stroke engine with CR = 15.

Shock Tube Autoignition Studies for Conventional and Alternative Transportation Fuel Components

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew A. Oehlschlaeger
Keyword(s):  
Shock Tube ◽  
Reaction Kinetics ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Oxidation Kinetic ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Alternative Transportation ◽  
Fuel Components

Gas-phase autoignition, a fundamental indicator of fuel reactivity, and its underlying reaction kinetics are of importance to the operation of gas turbine and internal combustion engines, particularly in advanced engine concepts where kinetics may play a more important role than in legacy designs. The increasing significance of kinetics in modern engine operation and the rapid development of alternative fuels motivates an understanding of reaction kinetics and in particular the influence of fuel structure on oxidation and autoignition. A series of shock tube autoignition studies have been carried for pure fuel components found in conventional and alternative transportation fuels over the last five years. Results of these studies are summarized here. Measurements have been made for compounds found in or relevant to conventional gasoline, diesel, and jet fuels and alternative fuels including biodiesels, Fischer-Tropsch fuels, and hydroprocessed renewable fuels. Experiments were carried out for gaseous fuel/air mixtures in a heated shock tube facility. Fuel/air mixtures were studied for rich to lean conditions at high pressures (10–60 atm) and for a large range of temperatures spanning three distinct regions of reactivity from the high-temperature Arrhenius region, through the negative-temperature-coefficient region, and into the low-temperature region. The experimental results provide fundamental information about the structure-reactivity relationships for fuels and targets for the development of fuel oxidation kinetic models.

Experimental Studies on the Performance of C.I Engine with Fish Oil Methyl Ester as Fuel for Various Blends of Diesel and LPG

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 687-691
Author(s):  
Tarigonda Hari Prasad ◽  
R. Meenakshi Reddy ◽  
P. Mallikarjuna Rao
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Inlet Manifold

Fossil fuels are exhausting quickly because of incremental utilization rate due to increase population and essential comforts on par with civilization. In this connection, the conventional fuels especially petrol and diesel for internal combustion engines, are getting exhausted at an alarming rate. In order to plan for survival of technology in future it is necessary to plan for alternate fuels. Further, these fossil fuels cause serious environmental problems as they release toxic gases into the atmosphere at high temperatures and concentrations. The predicted global energy consumption is increasing at faster rate. In view of this and many other related issues, these fuels will have to be replaced completely or partially by less harmful alternative, eco-friendly and renewable source fuels for the internal combustion engines. Hence, throughout the world, lot of research work is in progress pertaining to suitability and feasibility of alternative fuels. Biodiesel is one of the promising sources of energy to mitigate both the serious problems of the society viz., depletion of fossil fuels and environmental pollution. In the present work, experiments are carried out on a Single cylinder diesel engine which is commonly used in agricultural sector. Experiments are conducted by fuelling the diesel engine with bio-diesel with LPG through inlet manifold. The engine is properly modified to operate under dual fuel operation using LPG through inlet manifold as fuel along FME as ignition source. The brake thermal efficiency of FME with LPG (2LPM) blend is increased at an average of 5% when compared to the pure diesel fuel. HC emissions of FME with LPG (2LPM) blend are reduced by about at an average of 21% when compared to the pure diesel fuel. CO emissions of FME with LPG (2LPM) blends are reduced at an average of 33.6% when compared to the pure diesel fuel. NOx emissions of FME with LPG (2LPM) blend are reduced at an average of 4.4% when compared to the pure diesel fuel. Smoke opacity of FME with LPG (2LPM) blend is reduced at an average of 10% when compared to the pure diesel fuel.

scholarly journals IMPROVING METHODS OF THERMAL PREPARATION OF SHIP POWER PLANTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 85-92
Author(s):  
Victor Ivanovich Kochergin
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Thermal Preparation

Low ambient temperatures negatively impact the performance criteria of the ship power plants: increasing load onto the moving parts due to the growing irregularity of the shaft rotation speed in the power plants . Heating of a power plant in cold seasons is especially important for the modes of hot idle time, which are typical for all kinds of transport. Negative impact of low ambient temperatures most notably becomes apparent at starting the internal combustion engines. Normative documents do not determine the size of harmful substance discharge during the engine operation in the reset mode. To maintain the optimum thermal condition of the ship power plants for the purpose of ensuring their profitability, non-failure operation and resource indicators it is necessary to develop and widely use the thermal preparation methods. As the main criteria of such improvement it is possible to use the following indicators: efficiency of thermal preparation, amount of power inputs, labor intensiveness during installation, mobility, environment protection and fire safety. Pre-start heating units on the base of catalytic heating elements meet the required quality criteria of thermal preparation of power plants, especially regarding the environmental friendliness of the process. The problem of preliminary evaporation of liquid fuel has been solved. Pilot studies of the catalytic heating elements operating on gas or diesel fuel with preliminary evaporation have defined the potential of catalytic oxidation technologies. The results obtained allow further development of ecologically safe and effective pre-starting preheaters that use diesel fuel as a source of thermal energy and the most widespread type of fuel for ship power plants.

scholarly journals Experimental Testing of Combustion Parameters and Emissions of Waste Motor Oil and Its Diesel Mixtures

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5950
Author(s):  
Dragiša Đorđić ◽  
Milan Milotić ◽  
Zoran Ćurguz ◽  
Slavko Đurić ◽  
Tihomir Đurić
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuel ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Heat Output ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Waste Engine Oil ◽  
Motor Oils

The production of hydrocarbon fuel from waste engine oil is an excellent way to produce alternative fuels. The aim of the research in this paper is obtaining fuel with a mixture of waste engine oil (WMO) and diesel fuel that can be used as an alternative fuel for internal combustion engines and low power heat generators. With this goal in mind, tests were conducted to estimate the combustion parameters and emissions at a low heat output of 40 kW. Waste motor oils (WMO) and four of its diesel mixtures were used, varying in weight from 20% WMO to 50% WMO. Test results were analysed and compared with diesel fuel. Higher NO, CO and CO2 emissions were determined for WMO and its mixtures compared to diesel fuel. The flue gas temperature in the kiln was high for all WMO and diesel blends, which indicates the efficiency of the input energy. The absorption of flue gases in the scrubber with distilled water showed higher presence of sulphates, sulphides, nitrates and nitrites compared to allowable values.

scholarly journals Numerical Simulation of a Wall-Flow Particulate Filter Made of Biomorphic Silicon Carbide Able to Fit Different Fuel/Biofuel Inputs

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 945
Author(s):  
M. Pilar Orihuela ◽  
Onoufrios Haralampous ◽  
Ricardo Chacartegui ◽  
Miguel Torres García ◽  
Julián Martínez-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Particle Distribution ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
Loading Test ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Combustion Gases ◽  
Wall Flow ◽  
Emission Limits

To meet the increasingly strict emission limits imposed by regulations, internal combustion engines for transport applications require the urgent development of novel emission abatement systems. The introduction of biodiesel or other biofuels in the engine operation is considered to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, these alternative fuels can affect the performance of the post-combustion systems due to the variability they introduce in the exhaust particle distribution and their particular physical properties. Bioceramic materials made from vegetal waste are characterized by having an orthotropic hierarchical microstructure, which can be tailored in some way to optimize the filtration mechanisms as a function of the particle distribution of the combustion gases. Consequently, they can be good candidates to cope with the variability that new biofuel blends introduce in the engine operation. The objective of this work is to predict the filtration performance of a wall-flow particulate filter (DPF) made of biomorphic silicon carbide (bioSiC) with a systematic procedure that allows to eventually fit different fuel inputs. For this purpose; a well-validated DPF model available as commercial software has been chosen and adapted to the specific microstructural features of bioSiC. Fitting the specific filtration and permeability parameters of this biomaterial into the model; the filtration efficiency and pressure drop of the filter are predicted with sufficient accuracy during the loading test. The results obtained through this study show the potential of this novel DPF substrate; the material/microstructural design of which can be adapted through the selection of an optimum precursor.

The study of a tractor diesel engine operation on ethanol and rapeseed oil at various speed modes

Trudy NAMI ◽  
2022 ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
A. N. Kozlov ◽  
M. I. Araslanov
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Tractor Diesel

Introduction (problem statement and relevance). The depletion of oil fuels reserves and the steady growth of their consumption will require new solutions in the development of technologies based on renewable energy sources. The study of the possible alternative fuels use in internal combustion engines is a complex scientific task, including the research of the alternative fuels effect on the power plants operation efficiency.The purpose of the study was to obtain the speed characteristics of a diesel engine operating on ethyl alcohol and rapeseed oil.Methodology and research methods. An air-cooled with volumetric mixture formation tractor diesel engine of dimension 2Ch 10.5/12.0 was selected as an object of research. The study was carried out by a comparative method. To measure the speed characteristic a fixed cyclic fuel supply was applied after the engine reaching the nominal operating mode at a crankshaft speed of 1800 min-1 and an average effective pressure in the cylinder of 0.588 MPa. This approach, with the all-mode regulator of the fuel pump turned off, made it possible to identify the main regularities of intra-cylinder processes at different speed modes of engine operation.Scientific novelty and results. The article presents the bench tests results of a diesel engine operating at various speed modes on ethanol and rapeseed oil, and analyzes in detail the main indicators of the combustion process and the effective engine performance in comparison to the use of traditional fuel. The practical significance lies in the possibility of using the obtained results to improve the diesel engines operation on alternative renewable fuels.

A Physics-Based Modeling Approach of a Natural Gas HCCI Engine

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa W. AbdelGawad ◽  
Reza Tafreshi ◽  
Reza Langari
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Integral Model ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Valve Closure ◽  
Nitric Oxides ◽  
Intake Valve ◽  
Ignition Timing ◽  
Hcci Engine ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Hcci Engines

Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) Engines hold promises of being the next generation of internal combustion engines due to their ability to produce high thermal efficiencies, in addition to low nitric oxides and particulate matter. HCCI combustion is achieved through the auto-ignition of a compressed homogenous fuel-air mixture, thus making it a “fusion” between spark-ignition and compression-ignition engines. The main challenge in developing HCCI engines is the absence of a combustion trigger hence making the control of combustion timing difficult. To be able to control ignition timing, a physics-based model is developed to model the full HCCI engine cycle while taking into consideration cycle-to-cycle transitions. Exhaust Gas Recirculation is used to control combustion timing while the temperature at intake valve closure will serve as the parameter that represents the desired ignition timing. The Modified Knock Integral model defines the necessary relationship between ignition timing and temperature at intake valve closure. Validation of the developed model is performed by determining the ignition timing under varying conditions. Results are shown to be in accordance with data acquired from a single-cylinder model developed using a sophisticated engine simulation program, GT-Power.

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