Controls Development and Vehicle Drive Cycle Analysis of Integrated Turbocompounding, Electrification and Supercharging System (ITES)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satyum Joshi ◽  
Erik Koehler ◽  
Mufaddel Dahodwala ◽  
Michael Franke ◽  
Jeffrey D. Naber
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Development Effort ◽  
Drive Cycle ◽  
Engine Torque ◽  
Cycle Simulation ◽  
Battery Capacity ◽  
Power Split ◽  
Generator Unit

Integrated Turbocompounding, Electrification and Supercharging (ITES) is a novel approach for integrated implementation of technologies aimed at reduction of fuel consumption in a single unit. The ITES system optimally manages the power flow between the turbocompound turbine, secondary compressor, 48V electric motor/generator and engine by employing a planetary gear set. The unified approach delivers a substantial reduction in both expense and space claim while improving the overall system efficiency in comparison to the independent implementation of each of these individual technologies. As part of a previous development effort the ITES system functionality was validated through engine drive cycle simulation primarily utilizing the 48V motor generator unit for power split turbocompounding, power split supercharging and engine torque assist. In this latest development phase, the functionality of ITES system has been evaluated on a vehicle level model through a vehicle drive cycle simulation. First, a supervisory control strategy was developed for the ITES system to facilitate start-stop, regenerative braking and engine torque assist functionality using the ITES motor/generator unit. Next, a GT-Suite engine model developed for a downsized engine with the ITES unit applied, along with an appropriate control strategy, was integrated in to a class 6/7 vocational vehicle 1D model. The model was then simulated over the GHG Phase 2 ARB cycle and the fuel economy was compared to that of vehicle model with only the baseline engine configuration. Finally, the battery capacity was optimized to maximize vehicle fuel economy and battery life.

scholarly journals Drive cycle simulation of high efficiency combustions on fuel economy and exhaust properties in light-duty vehicles

2015 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 762-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiming Gao ◽  
Scott J. Curran ◽  
James E. Parks ◽  
David E. Smith ◽  
Robert M. Wagner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Drive Cycle ◽  
Cycle Simulation ◽  
Light Duty ◽  
Light Duty Vehicles

scholarly journals Components Sizing and Performance Analysis of Hydro-Mechanical Power Split Transmission Applied to a Wheel Loader

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaoping Xiong ◽  
Gabriel Wilfong ◽  
John Lumkes
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Mechanical Power ◽  
Mechanical Transmission ◽  
Road Vehicles ◽  
Drive Cycle ◽  
Wheel Loader ◽  
Vehicle Velocity ◽  
Power Split ◽  
Wheel Loaders

The powertrain efficiency deeply affects the performance of off-road vehicles like wheel loaders in terms of fuel economy, load capability, smooth control, etc. The hydrostatic transmission (HST) systems have been widely adopted in off-road vehicles for providing large power density and continuous variable control, yet using relatively low efficiency hydraulic components. This paper presents a hydrostatic-mechanical power split transmission (PST) solution for a 10-ton wheel loader for improving the fuel economy of a wheel loader. A directly-engine-coupled HST solution for the same wheel loader is also presented for comparison. This work introduced a sizing approach for both PST and HST, which helps to make proper selections of key powertrain components. Furthermore, this work also presented a multi-domain modeling approach for the powertrain of a wheel loader, that integrates the modeling of internal combustion (IC) engine, hydraulic systems, mechanical transmission, vehicle(wheel) dynamics, and relevant control systems. In this modeling, an engine torque evaluation method with a throttle position control system was developed to describe the engine dynamics; a method to express the hydraulic loss of the axial piston hydraulic pump/motor was developed for modeling the hydraulic transmission; and a vehicle velocity control system was developed based on altering the displacement of a hydraulic unit. Two powertrain models were developed, respectively, for the PST and HST systems of a wheel loader using MATLAB/Simulink. The simulation on a predefined wheel loader drive cycle was conducted on both powertrain models to evaluate and compare the performance of wheel loader using different systems, including vehicle velocity, hydraulic displacement control, hydraulic torque, powertrain efficiency, and engine power consumption. The simulation results indicate that the vehicle velocity controller developed functions well for both the PST and HST systems; a wheel loader using the proposed PST solution can overall save about 8% energy consumption compared using an HST solution in one drive cycle. The sizing method and simulation models developed in this work should facilitate the development of the powertrains for wheel loaders and other wheeled heavy vehicles.

Depleting Mode Control Strategies for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles

2011 ◽  
Vol 130-134 ◽  
pp. 2211-2215
Author(s):  
Bing Zhan Zhang ◽  
Han Zhao ◽  
An Dong Yin
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Torque Control ◽  
Drive Cycle ◽  
Vehicle Simulation ◽  
Hybrid Electric

Control strategy is the most important issue in the Plug-in Hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) design, which has two modes: charge depleting mode (CD) and charge sustaining mode (CS). The different control strategies in depleting mode will have a great influence on PHEV dynamic performance and fuel economy. The engine optimal torque control strategy was proposed in the paper. The vehicle simulation model in Powertrain Systems Analysis Toolkit (PSAT) was adopted to evaluate the proposed control strategy. The aggressive highway drive cycle Artemis_hwy and a random drive cycle generated by Markov Process were used. The simulation results indicate the proposed control strategy has great improvement in fuel economy.

Coordinated Control Strategy in Engine Starting Process for a Novel Compound Power-Split Hybrid Electric Vehicle

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dengfeng Shen ◽  
Clemens Gühmann ◽  
Tong Zhang ◽  
Xizhen Dong
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Coordinated Control ◽  
Engine Torque ◽  
Power Split ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
Starting Process ◽  
Clutch Torque

Due to the direct connection between the engine and the compound power split hybrid transmission (CPSHT) in hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), engine ripple torque (ERT) can result in obvious jerks in engine starting process (ESP). In order to improve the riding comfort, two wet clutches are mounted in this novel CPSHT. This research developed a new coordinated control strategy and its effectiveness was verified in simulation. Firstly, the mechanical and hydraulic parts of the CPSHT were introduced, and the riding comfort problem during ESP in primary design was illustrated. Secondly, the dynamic plant model including ERT, driveline model and clutch torque was deduced. Thirdly, a coordinated control strategy was designed to determine the target engine torque, motor torque, clutch torque and the moment of fuel injection. A Kalman filter based clutch torque estimator was applied with the help of electric motors information. The simulation result indicates that proposed coordinated control strategy can indeed suppress vehicle jerk and improve the riding comfort in ESP.

Power Management Control Optimization of a Hybrid Electric-Diesel Locomotive

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Wilson ◽  
Timothy Cleary ◽  
Brent Ballew
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Power Management ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Drive Cycle ◽  
Specific Loading ◽  
Power Split

The interest of this work is to develop a control strategy to most effectively manage the power split between the energy storage system (ESS) and the diesel generator of a hybrid locomotive. The overall goal is to minimize fuel consumption of the diesel engine, while maximizing battery life of the onboard ESS. This problem proves to be complex due to the conflicting cost functions of fuel economy and battery state-of-health (SOH)[1]. In other words, during a typical drive cycle, fuel consumption is minimized by placing high loads upon the battery while minimizing negative effects on SOH requires more specific loading characteristics of the ESS for the same drive cycle. This work highlights the development of several power split control strategies for effective power management of a hybrid locomotive. The progression from a strict rule-based (RB) control strategy to an equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS) is realized through simulation. Likewise, the advantage of Model Predictive Control (FLC) is also shown in simulation.

Engine torque command handling for a series hybrid electric bus

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (5) ◽  
pp. 638-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minjae Kim
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Engine Torque ◽  
Hybrid Electric Bus ◽  
Electric Bus ◽  
Parallel Hybrid ◽  
Generator Unit ◽  
Hybrid Electric

The series hybrid electric vehicle makes it easier to have fully independent controls for the engine–generator unit and for the traction motors; this is not feasible in parallel hybrid electric vehicles or series–parallel hybrid electric vehicles. The existing research does not consider this feature. Therefore, a novel control method called engine torque command handling is developed in this study and is added to the optimal energy management strategy, namely dynamic programming; this makes the most of the inertia of the engine–generator unit. The hidden fuel economy improvement factor, as demonstrated by the the difference between the command and the behaviour, can then be found. As a result, a considerable improvement in the fuel economy with straightforward but powerful concepts, such as modification of the engine operating points and the on–off period, is developed in the series hybrid electric bus. The simulation is evaluated by AMEsim–Simulink co-simulation with the well-known urban bus test profiles: the Manhattan cycle, the Braunschweig cycle and the Orange County cycle. The results show the significant potential for reduction in the energy consumption without changing the components or the structure of the vehicle system. This method can be applied to any type of vehicle that allows independent engine power generation without interruption.

Simulation Research on Dynamic Coordinated Control of Engine-Motor in Dual-Mode Power-Split Hybrid System

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenqiang Zhao ◽  
Ying Huang ◽  
Yu Zhao ◽  
Yanwu Ge ◽  
Huan Li
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid System ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Coordinated Control ◽  
Torque Control ◽  
Switching Process ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Dual Mode ◽  
Inertia Moment ◽  
Engine Torque ◽  
Power Split

For hybrid electric vehicles, there are output shaft torque fluctuations during the working condition switching process, which reduce the driving comfort of the vehicle. Therefore, corresponding control is necessary to eliminate the torque fluctuations. In this paper, for a dual-mode power-split hybrid system, the steady state energy management strategy under the typical power flow in two modes is studied and an operational condition switching control strategy based on engine torque control and motor speed control is proposed for the system characteristics. Meanwhile, the reason for fluctuations on the switching process based on engine torque control is found out to be the too large inertia moment in the coupling power mechanism. Considering the characteristics of fast speed and torque response of the motor, dynamic coordinated control strategy is proposed to eliminate the torque fluctuations and improve the accuracy of the actual torque relative to the target torque for the two models (i.e., the motor torque compensation control strategies). The model of dual-mode hybrid system was built and the simulation results show that the proposed control strategy has a positive effect on eliminating the torque fluctuations and the target torque of the driver can be accurately tracked.

Integration of a Dual-Mode SI-HCCI Engine Into Various Vehicle Architectures

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin J. Lawler ◽  
Zoran S. Filipi
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Dual Mode ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Conventional Vehicle ◽  
Hcci Engine ◽  
Parallel Hybrid ◽  
Power Split ◽  
Mode Transitions

A simulation study was performed to evaluate the potential fuel economy benefits of integrating a dual-mode SI-HCCI engine into various vehicle architectures. The vehicle configurations that were considered include a conventional vehicle, a mild parallel hybrid, and a power-split hybrid. The three configurations were modeled and compared in detail for a given engine size (2.0 L for the conventional vehicle, 2.0 L for the mild parallel, and 1.5 L for the power-split) over the EPA UDDS (city) and Highway cycles. The results show that the dual-mode engine in the conventional vehicle offers a modest gain in vehicle fuel economy of approximately 5–7%. The gains were modest due to an advanced 6-speed transmission and a practically-based shift schedule, with which only 30% of the operating points were in the HCCI range for the city cycle and 56% for the highway cycle. The mild parallel hybrid achieved 32% better fuel economy than the conventional vehicle, both with SI engines. For the dual-mode engine in the mild parallel hybrid, a specific control strategy was used to manipulate engine operation in an attempt to minimize the number of engine mode transitions and maximize the time spent in HCCI. The parallel hybrid with the dual-mode engine and modified control strategy provides dramatic improvements of up to 48% in city driving, demonstrating that the addition of HCCI has a more significant effect with parallel hybrids than conventional vehicles. The power-split hybrid simulation showed that adding a dual-mode engine had an insignificant effect on vehicle fuel economy, mostly due to the ability of the planetary gear set to act as an e-CVT and keep the engine at relatively high loads. Finally, a systematic study of engine sizing provides guidelines for selecting the best option for a given vehicle application by characterizing the vehicle level interactions, and their effect on fuel economy, over an engine displacement sweep.

Modeling and Simulation of a Vehicle Equipped with Power Split Automatic Transmission

2011 ◽  
Vol 383-390 ◽  
pp. 4708-4712
Author(s):  
Qing Yong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Automatic Transmission ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Driving Cycle ◽  
Mechanical Transmission ◽  
Power Split ◽  
Vehicle Simulator

his paper is concerned with the fuel economy of a mini car with power split automatic transmission (PSAT) by means of simulation. Firstly, a PSAT prototype is developed featured with high efficiency by power split. Secondly, mathematic models of PSAT, based on the PSAT scheme and experiment on the prototype, is established and embedded into the simulation software NREL’s Advanced Vehicle Simulator (ADVISOR) to carry out the whole vehicle fuel economy simulation. Thirdly, fuel economy comparison between vehicle with PSAT and traditional mechanical transmission is present, after fuel economy simulation under different driving cycle. Finally, approach to the energy save scheme of PSAT and matching between PSAT and the whole vehicle is discussed which builds up a good foundation for future optimization on control strategy of PSAT.

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