Experimental Study on Low Temperature Combustion Dual Fuel Biodiesel/Natural Gas Engine

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gharehghani ◽  
M. Mirsalim ◽  
A. Jazayeri ◽  
R. Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Low Temperature Combustion ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Temperature Combustion

Low Temperature combustion (LTC) strategies are capable of simultaneous reduction in NOx and particulate matter (PM) emissions. However, this combustion process generally leads to higher HC and CO emissions together with more cyclic variation (unstable combustion) especially at light engine loads. These emissions could drastically be reduced using certain alternative fuels like natural gas and biodiesel in LTC or PCI combustion engines. In the present research, a single cylinder compression ignition engine has been modified to operate in dual fuel mode with natural gas injection into the intake manifold as the main fuel and biodiesel as the pilot fuel to ignite the gas/air mixture. The combustion characteristics, engine performance and exhaust emissions of the reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) dual fueled CNG/biodiesel engine are investigated and compared with the conventional diesel engine mode at various load conditions. The analysis of the results revealed that biodiesel as the high reactivity fuel in RCCI mode leads to higher in-cylinder pressure together with shorter heat release rate duration, compared to the common diesel engine. Experimental results indicated that combining the low temperature combustion concept and alternative fuels (e.g. biodiesel and naturals gas) causes lower levels of unburned hydrocarbon (UHC) and carbon monoxide (CO) as well as nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF CNG IN A FUEL DOSE ON THE COMBUSTION PROCESS OF A COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINE

Transport ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Mikulski ◽  
Sławomir Wierzbicki
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Compression Ignition Engines ◽  
Main Component

Currently, one of the major trends in the research of contemporary combustion engines involves the potential use of alternative fuels. Considerable attention has been devoted to methane, which is the main component of Natural Gas (NG) and can also be obtained by purification of biogas. In compression-ignition engines fired with methane or Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), it is necessary to apply a dual-fuel feeding system. This paper presents the effect of the proportion of CNG in a fuel dose on the process of combustion. The recorded time series of pressure in a combustion chamber was used to determine the repeatability of the combustion process and the change of fuel compression-ignition delay in the combustion chamber. It has been showed that NG does not burn completely in a dual-fuel engine. The best conditions for combustion are ensured with higher concentrations of gaseous fuel. NG ignition does not take place simultaneously with diesel oil ignition. Moreover, if a divided dose of diesel is injected, NG ignition probably takes place at two points, as diesel oil.

Performance of multi-dimensional models for simulating diesel premixed charge compression ignition engine combustion using low- and high-pressure injectors

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 475-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
S-C Kong ◽  
Y Ra ◽  
R D Reitz
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Spray Angle ◽  
Low Temperature Combustion ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Detailed Chemistry ◽  
Engine Combustion ◽  
Temperature Combustion ◽  
Hsdi Diesel Engine

An engine CFD model has been developed to simulate premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) combustion using detailed chemistry. The numerical model is based on the KIVA code that is modified to use CHEMKIN as the chemistry solver. The model was applied to simulate ignition, combustion, and emissions processes in diesel engines operated to achieve PCCI conditions. Diesel PCCI experiments using both low- and high-pressure injectors were simulated. For the low-pressure injector with early injection (close to intake valve closure), the model shows that wall wetting can be minimized by using a pressure-swirl atomizer with a variable spray angle. In the case of using a high-pressure injector, it is found that late injection (SOI = 5 ° ATDC) benefits soot emissions as a result of low-temperature combustion at highly premixed conditions. The model was also used to validate the emission reduction potential of an HSDI diesel engine using a double injection strategy that favours PCCI conditions. It is concluded that the present model is useful to assess future engine combustion concepts, such as PCCI and low-temperature combustion (LTC).

A Comprehensive Review on Low-Temperature Combustion Technologies for Emission Reduction in Diesel Engines

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Jhalani ◽  
Dilip Sharma ◽  
Pushpendra Kumar Sharma ◽  
Digambar Singh ◽  
Sumit Jhalani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Low Temperature Combustion ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Lean Burn ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Temperature Combustion ◽  
Hc Emissions ◽  
Ci Engines

Diesel engines are lean burn engines; hence CO and HC emissions in the exhaust are less likely to occur in substantial amounts. The emissions of serious concern in compression ignition engines are particulate matter and nitrogen oxides because of elevated temperature conditions of combustion. Hence the researchers have strived continuously to lower down the temperature of combustion in order to bring down the emissions from CI engines. This has been tried through premixed charge compression ignition, homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI), gasoline compression ignition and reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI). In this study, an attempt has been made to critically review the literature on low-temperature combustion conditions using various conventional and alternative fuels. The problems and challenges augmented with the strategies have also been described. Water-in-diesel emulsion technology has been discussed in detail. Most of the authors agree over the positive outcomes of water-diesel emulsion for both performance and emissions simultaneously.

A Computational Investigation of the Impact of Multiple Injection Strategies on Combustion Efficiency in Diesel-Natural Gas Dual Fuel Low Temperature Combustion Engine

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Bartolucci ◽  
Stefano Cordiner ◽  
Vincenzo Mulone ◽  
Sundar R. Krishnan ◽  
Kalyan K. Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Pilot Injection ◽  
Low Temperature Combustion ◽  
Single Cylinder ◽  
Temperature Combustion ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Dual fuel diesel-methane low temperature combustion (LTC) has been investigated by various research groups, showing high potential for emissions reduction (especially oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and particulate matter (PM)) without adversely affecting fuel conversion efficiency in comparison with conventional diesel combustion. However, when operated at low load conditions, dual fuel LTC typically exhibit poor combustion efficiencies. This behavior is mainly due to low bulk gas temperatures under lean conditions, resulting in unacceptably high carbon monoxide (CO) and unburned hydrocarbon (UHC) emissions. A feasible and rather innovative solution may be to split the pilot injection of liquid fuel into two injection pulses, with the second pilot injection supporting the methane combustion once the process is initiated by the first one. In this work, diesel-methane dual fuel LTC is investigated numerically in a single-cylinder heavy-duty engine operating at 5 bar brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) at 85% and 75% percentage of energy substitution (PES) by methane (taken as a natural gas surrogate). A multidimensional model is first validated in comparison with experimental data obtained on the same single-cylinder engine for early single pilot diesel injection at 310 CAD and 500 bar rail pressure. With the single pilot injection case as baseline, the effects of multiple pilot injections and different rail pressures on combustion emissions are investigated, again showing good agreement with experimental data. Apparent heat release rate and cylinder pressure histories as well as combustion efficiency trends are correctly captured by the numerical model. Results prove that higher rail pressures yield reductions of HC and CO by 90% and 75%, respectively, at the expense of NOx emissions, which increase by ∼30% from baseline. Furthermore, it is shown that post-injection during the expansion stroke does not support the stable development of the combustion front as the combustion process is confined close to the diesel spray core.

Investigation of Low Temperature Combustion Regimes of Biodiesel With n-Butanol Injected in the Intake Manifold of a Compression Ignition Engine

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentin Soloiu ◽  
Marvin Duggan ◽  
Henry Ochieng ◽  
David Williams ◽  
Gustavo Molina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Nox Reduction ◽  
Intake Manifold ◽  
Power Stroke ◽  
Low Temperature Combustion ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Temperature Combustion

In this study, the in-cylinder soot and NOx trade off was investigated in a Compression Engine by implementing Premixed Charge Compression Ignition (PCCI) coupled with Low Temperature Combustion (LTC) for selected regimes of 1–3 bars IMEP. In order to achieve that, an omnivorous (multi-fuel) single cylinder diesel engine was developed by injecting n-butanol in the intake port while being fueled with biodiesel by direct injection in the combustion chamber. By applying this methodology, the in-cylinder pressure decreased by 25% and peak pressure was delayed in the power stroke by about 8 CAD for the cycles in which the n-butanol was injected in the intake manifold at the engine speed of 800 rpm and low engine loads, corresponding to 1–3 bars IMEP. Compared with the baseline taken with ultra-low sulfur diesel no. 2 (USLD#2), the heat release presented a more complex shape. At 1–2 bars IMEP, the premixed charge stage of the combustion totally disappeared and a prolonged diffusion stage was found instead. At 3 bars IMEP, an early low temperature heat release was present that started 6 degrees (1.25 ms) earlier than the diesel reference heat release with a peak at 350 CAD corresponding to 1200 K. Heat losses from radiation of burned gas in the combustion chamber decreased by 10–50% while the soot emissions showed a significant decrease of about 98%, concomitantly with a 98% NOx reduction at 1 IMEP, and 77% at 3 IMEP, by controlling the combustion phases. Gaseous emissions were measured using an AVL SESAM FTIR and showed that there were high increases in CO, HC and NMHC emissions as a result of PCCI/LTC strategy; nevertheless, the technology is still under development. The results of this work indicate that n-butanol can be a very promising fuel alternative including for LTC regimes.

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