A Study of the Effects of Biofuel Use on Piston Lubrication During Fuel Post Injection in a DI Diesel Engine

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Kikuhara ◽  
Akihiro Shibata ◽  
Akemi Ito ◽  
Dallwoo Kim ◽  
Yasuhiro Ishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Cylinder Wall ◽  
Post Injection ◽  
Friction Forces ◽  
Di Diesel Engine ◽  
Lubrication Condition

The reduction of both exhaust gases and carbon dioxide emissions is necessary to meet future emissions regulations for diesel engines. Exhaust after-treatment devices are gradually being applied to diesel engines to reduce exhaust gases. Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF), an after-treatment device for diesel engines, in some cases require post injection of fuel for its regeneration. Post injection is usually carried out at the mid point of the expansion stroke, and therefore causes fuel adhesion to the cylinder wall. However, using biofuels in a diesel engine is an effective way of reducing carbon dioxide emissions. It is well known that biofuels are chemically unstable, but the effects of biofuels on piston lubrication condition have not been thoroughly studied. In this study, piston lubrication condition during post injection in a single cylinder DI diesel engine using biofuel was investigated. Piston and ring friction forces were measured under engine operating conditions by means of a floating liner device to investigate the lubrication condition of the piston and rings. Both light fuel oil and biofuel were used in the measurements, with Rapeseed Methyl Ester (RME) being used as the biofuel. Lubricating oil on the cylinder wall was also sampled under engine operating conditions and the effect of post injection on fuel adhesion to the cylinder wall was analyzed. It was found that the effect of post injection on fuel adhesion to the cylinder wall was remarkable around the Top Dead Center (TDC), and the fuel dilution rate reached approximately 90%. The results of the measurement of the piston friction forces showed that post injection caused an increase in the friction forces at the Compression TDC (CTDC) in the cases of both RME and light fuel oil, and the friction forces at CTDC increased according to the delay of the post injection timing. The increase in the piston friction forces was moderate in the case of RME. It seems that the higher viscosity and the oiliness of RME suppressed the increase in piston friction forces at TDC. The following effects were found in this study. Fuel post injection caused fuel adhesion to the cylinder wall. Such phenomena affected the lubrication condition of the piston. In the case of RME, the increase in the piston friction forces caused by post injection was smaller than that of light fuel oil, but the effects on piston lubrication condition in the case of using other biofuels needs to be investigated.

A Study of the Effects of Biofuel Use on Piston Lubrication During Fuel Post Injection in a Direct Injection Diesel Engine

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Kikuhara ◽  
Akihiro Shibata ◽  
Akemi Ito ◽  
Dallwoo Kim ◽  
Yasuhiro Ishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Cylinder Wall ◽  
Post Injection ◽  
Friction Forces ◽  
Lubrication Condition

The reduction of both exhaust gases and carbon dioxide emissions is necessary to meet future emissions regulations for diesel engines. Exhaust after-treatment devices are gradually being applied to diesel engines to reduce exhaust gases. Diesel particulate filters (DPF), an after-treatment device for diesel engines, in some cases require fuel post injection for regeneration. Post injection is usually conducted at the midpoint of the expansion stroke, and therefore causes fuel adhesion to the cylinder wall. However, using biofuels in a diesel engine is an effective way of reducing carbon dioxide emissions. It is well known that biofuels are chemically unstable, but the effects of biofuels on piston lubrication condition have not been thoroughly studied. In this study, piston lubrication condition during post injection in a single cylinder DI diesel engine using biofuel was investigated. Piston and ring friction forces were measured under engine operating conditions by means of a floating liner device to investigate the lubrication condition of the piston and rings. Both light fuel oil and biofuel were used in the measurements, with rapeseed methyl ester (RME) being used as the biofuel. Lubricating oil on the cylinder wall was also sampled under engine operating conditions, and the effect of post injection on fuel adhesion to the cylinder wall was analyzed. It was found that the effect of post injection on fuel adhesion to the cylinder wall was remarkable around the top dead center (TDC), and the fuel dilution rate reached approximately 90%. The results of the measurement of the piston friction forces showed that post injection caused an increase in the friction forces at the compression TDC (CTDC) in the cases of both RME and light fuel oil, and the friction forces at CTDC increased according to the delay of the post injection timing. The increase in the piston friction forces was moderate in the case of RME. It seems that the higher viscosity and the oiliness of RME suppressed the increase in piston friction forces at TDC. The following effects were found in this study. Fuel post injection caused fuel adhesion to the cylinder wall. Such phenomena affected the lubrication condition of the piston. In the case of RME, the increase in the piston friction forces caused by post injection was smaller than that of light fuel oil, but the effects on piston lubrication condition in the case of using other biofuels needs to be investigated.

Results of an Off-Road Diesel Engine Driven With Different Animal Fat Based Biofuels

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seppo Niemi ◽  
Ville Vauhkonen ◽  
Erkki Hiltunen ◽  
Sampo Virtanen ◽  
Toomas Karhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Animal Fat ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Hc Emissions

The demand for increased use of biofuels in both on- and off-road diesel engines is growing. The carbon dioxide emissions must be reduced, but the increase in the petroleum prices and possible shortage of crude oil also promote the interest in biofuels. Simultaneously, exhaust pollutants of diesel engines have to be drastically reduced. The nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) form the main challenge for diesel exhaust cleaning. Despite the emissions reduction, the fuel economy of the engines should be kept at a sufficient level to also prevent the CO2 increase. In the present study, a turbocharged, inter-cooled direct-injection off-road diesel engine was driven with two animal fat based bio-fuels, namely steelhead (or rainbow trout) methyl ester (StME) and crude steelhead oil (StO). Crude or neat biofuels are also of interest since medium-speed engines are able to burn unrefined bio-oils. A vegetable oil based fuel, canola oil methyl ester (RME) served as the main reference biofuel. The baseline results were measured with commercial low-sulfur diesel fuel oil (DFO). The main aim of the project was to clarify how the waste-derived animal fat based biofuels are suited to engine use. The performance and emissions characteristics of the engine were determined. In addition to regulated emissions, the particle size distributions were also examined. The results showed that the studied animal fat derived ester was very suitable for the off-road test engine. NOx increased but hydrocarbons (HC), smoke, and PM mass decreased (by up to 60%) while thermal efficiency and carbon monoxide (CO) remained approximately unchanged. The particle number emissions were competitive relative to DFO. Raw fish oil StO reduced HC emissions but increased NOx and particle mass and number emissions. CO and smoke behaved ambiguously, so further investigation is needed for this fuel.

Effect of Fuel Injection Strategy on DPF Regeneration in Single Cylinder Diesel Engine

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sungjun Yoon ◽  
Hongsuk Kim ◽  
Daesik Kim ◽  
Sungwook Park
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Post Injection ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Injection Strategy ◽  
Dpf Regeneration ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature

Stringent emission regulations (e.g., Euro-6) force automotive manufacturers to equip DPF (diesel particulate filter) on diesel cars. Generally, post injection is used as a method to regenerate DPF. However, it is known that post injection deteriorates specific fuel consumption and causes oil dilution for some operating conditions. Thus, an injection strategy for regeneration becomes one of key technologies for diesel powertrain equipped with a DPF. This paper presents correlations between fuel injection strategy and exhaust gas temperature for DPF regeneration. Experimental apparatus consists of a single cylinder diesel engine, a DC dynamometer, an emission test bench, and an engine control system. In the present study, post injection timing covers from 40 deg aTDC to 110 deg aTDC and double post injection was considered. In addition, effects of injection pressures were investigated. The engine load was varied from low-load to mid-load and fuel amount of post injection was increased up to 10mg/stk. Oil dilution during fuel injection and combustion processes were estimated by diesel loss measured by comparing two global equivalences ratios; one is measured from Lambda sensor installed at exhaust port, the other one is estimated from intake air mass and injected fuel mass. In the present study, the differences in global equivalence ratios were mainly caused from oil dilution during post injection. The experimental results of the present study suggest an optimal engine operating conditions including fuel injection strategy to get appropriate exhaust gas temperature for DPF regeneration. Experimental results of exhaust gas temperature distributions for various engine operating conditions were summarized. In addition, it was revealed that amounts of oil dilution were reduced by splitting post injection (i.e., double post injection). Effects of injection pressure on exhaust gas temperature were dependent on combustion phasing and injection strategies.

Modeling and Performance Analysis of Combined-Cycle Based Ship Power Plant

2010 ◽  
Vol 44-47 ◽  
pp. 1240-1245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Zeng ◽  
Xiao Ling Zhao ◽  
Jun Dong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Oil Consumption ◽  
Combined Cycle Power Plant ◽  
Simulation Performance

For combined-cycle power plant performance analysis, a ship power plant mathematical model is developed, including diesel engine, controllable pitch propeller, exhaust gas boiler, turbine generator and shaft generator models. The simulation performance characteristic curves of diesel engine under various loads are given. Comparison of simulation results and experimental data shows the model can well predict the performance of diesel engine in various operating conditions. The specific fuel oil consumption contours of combined-cycle power plant and the relations between engine operating conditions and steam cycle parameters are given. The influence of diesel engine operating conditions to the overall performance of combined-cycle power plant is discussed.

scholarly journals Research on the Energy Efficiency Indicators of Transport Diesel Engines under Transient Operation Conditions

Pomorstvo ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergejus LebedevasPaulius ◽  
Paulius Rapalis ◽  
Rima Mickevicienė
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Mechanical Efficiency ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Efficiency Coefficient ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Power Increase ◽  
Control Units ◽  
Additional Equipment

In this study, we have investigated the efficiency of transport diesel engines CAT3512B-HD in transient braking and acceleration modes in 2M62M locomotives. A comparative analysis of the diesel engine performance has been performed at speeds of power increase and braking ranging from 4–5 kW/s to 17–18 kW/s. A decrease in the fuel economy occurred, and the main reason for it (compared with the steady-state operating condition at qcycl = idem) has been found to be the deterioration of the mechanical efficiency coefficient due to the loss of the additional equipment kinetic energy of the engine. The efficiency decreased by 3–3.5% under power increase operations and by 10–14% in the braking modes. The original methodology for the evaluation of the diesel engine parameters registered by the engine control units (ECU) in the engine operating conditions, mathematical modelling application AVL BOOST, and analytical summaries in artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been used. The errors in the obtained results have been 5–8% at a determination coefficient of 0.97–0.99.

scholarly journals Effect of post-injection on combustion and exhaust emissions in DI diesel engine

Fuel ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 116131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Wu ◽  
Pan Wang ◽  
Sheikh Muhammad Farhan ◽  
Jing Yi ◽  
Lili Lei
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Post Injection ◽  
Di Diesel Engine

scholarly journals Eucalyptus Biodiesel as an Alternative to Diesel Fuel: Preparation and Tests on DI Diesel Engine

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyes Tarabet ◽  
Khaled Loubar ◽  
Mohand Said Lounici ◽  
Samir Hanchi ◽  
Mohand Tazerout
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Oil Consumption ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbon ◽  
Engine Combustion ◽  
Di Diesel Engine

Nowadays, the increasing oil consumption throughout the world induces crucial economical, security, and environmental problems. As a result, intensive researches are undertaken to find appropriate substitution to fossil fuels. In view of the large amount of eucalyptus trees present in arid areas, we focus in this study on the investigation of using eucalyptus biodiesel as fuel in diesel engine. Eucalyptus oil is converted by transesterification into biodiesel. Eucalyptus biodiesel characterization shows that the physicochemical properties are comparable to those of diesel fuel. In the second phase, a single cylinder air-cooled, DI diesel engine was used to test neat eucalyptus biodiesel and its blends with diesel fuel in various ratios (75, 50, and 25 by v%) at several engine loads. The engine combustion parameters such as peak pressure, rate of pressure rise, and heat release rate are determined. Performances and exhaust emissions are also evaluated at all operating conditions. Results show that neat eucalyptus biodiesel and its blends present significant improvements of carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbon, and particulates emissions especially at high loads with equivalent performances to those of diesel fuel. However, the NOx emissions are slightly increased when the biodiesel content is increased in the blend.

Effect of High Pressure Post Injection on Soot and NO Trade-Off in a DI Diesel Engine

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamran Poorghasemi ◽  
Fathollah Ommi ◽  
Vahid Esfahanian
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Soot Formation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Combustion Mechanism ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Post Injection ◽  
Multiple Injection ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Di Diesel Engine

In DI Diesel engines NO and Soot trade off is an important challenge for Engineers. In this paper, at first, multiple injection strategy will be introduced as a useful way to reduce both NO and Soot emissions simultaneously. Then the effect of injection pressure in post injection on the engine emissions will be studied. Investigations have been conducted on DI diesel engine. To evaluate the benefits of multiple injection strategies and to reveal combustion mechanism, modified three dimensional CFD code KIVA-3V was used. Results showed that using post injection with appropriate dwell between injection pulses can be effective in simultaneously reduction of emissions. Based on computation results, NO reduction formation mechanism is a single injection with retarded injection timing. It is shown that reduced soot formation is because of the fact that the soot producing rich regions at the fuel spray head are not replenished by new fuel when the injection is stopped and then restarted. Also increasing injection pressure in post injection will reduce the Soot emission dramatically while NO is in control and it is due to increasing fuel burning rate in post injection pulse.

Phenomenology of Smoke From Direct Injection Diesel Engine

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. V. Aghav ◽  
P. A. Lakshminarayanan ◽  
M. K. G. Babu ◽  
N. S. Nayak ◽  
A. D. Dani
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Turbulence Structure ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Direct Injection Diesel Engine ◽  
Wall Impingement ◽  
Di Diesel Engine ◽  
Dissipation Model ◽  
Wall Interaction

A phenomenological model for smoke prediction from a direct injection (DI) diesel engine is newly evolved from an eddy dissipation model of Dent [1]. The turbulence structure of fuel spray is developed by incorporating the wall impingement to explain smoke formed in free and wall portions. The spray wall interaction is unavoidable in case of modern DI diesel engines of bore less than 125 mm. The new model is one dimensional and based on the recent phenomenological description of spray combustion in direct injection diesel engine. Integration of net soot rate and no need to use empirical tuning constants are the important features, which distinguish the model from existing models. Smoke values are successfully predicted using this model for an engine with heavy-duty applications under widely varying operating conditions.

Comparison of Performance and Emission Characteristic of Tamanu, Mahua and Pongamia Biodiesel in a Di Diesel Engine

2013 ◽  
Vol 768 ◽  
pp. 218-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Parthasarathy ◽  
J. Isaac Joshua Ramesh Lalvani ◽  
B. Parthiban ◽  
K. Annamalai
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Emission Characteristic ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Di Diesel Engine ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Petroleum Reserves

Random extraction and consumption of fossil fuels have leads to a reduction in petroleum reserves. As for as developing countries like India is connected the need to search for alternative fuels is most urgent as India is heavily dependent upon the import of petroleum to meet its demands for automotive and power sectors. This has inspired curiously in alternative sources for petroleum based fuels. An alternative fuel must be economically competitive and environmentally acceptable. India has great potential for production of biofuels like Biodiesel from vegetable seeds. In the quest to find an alternative to the existing diesel and petrol fuels various Biodiesel and alcohol has been tried and tested in the Internal Compression engine. In this direction, an attempt has been made to investigate the performance and emission characteristic of Biodiesels and compare it with diesel. The Biodiesels considered are Tamanu, Mahua and Pongamia were tested with four stroke diesel engine. A drastic improvement in reduction of Hydrocarbon (HC) and Carbon monoxide (CO) were found for Biodiesels at high engine loads. Smoke and Nitrogen oxides (NOx) were slightly higher for Biodiesels. Biodiesels exposed similar combustion stages to diesel fuel. Therefore use of transesterified vegetable oils can be partially substituted for the diesel fuel at most operating conditions in term of the performance parameters and emissions without any engine modification.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document