Thermal Management in the Measurement of Metal Hydride Kinetics

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler G. Voskuilen ◽  
Yuan Zheng ◽  
Timothe´e Pourpoint
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Metal Hydride ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Temperature Control System ◽  
Kinetic Properties ◽  
Isothermal Conditions ◽  
Storage Media ◽  
Convective Resistance ◽  
Made In

Many metal hydride nanopowders are currently being investigated as a potential hydrogen storage media. The kinetic properties of hydrogen absorption in TiCrMn, a metal hydride of interest, are largely unknown. This study will use coupled thermal and kinetic modeling to analyze a combination of novel and well-established techniques which can be used to experimentally determine these parameters. Since these measurements must be taken at isothermal conditions and the metal hydride absorption reaction is highly exothermal, specific thermal considerations must be made in these models. Typical instruments available for kinetics measurements suspend the samples in a small chamber, effectively thermally isolating them from the cooling or heating system designed to control sample temperature. The design modeled herein will eliminate that convective resistance layer, thereby increasing the amount of heat that can be rapidly diffused out of the sample. Additionally, an electronically controlled active temperature control system will be modeled as a method of maintaining “quasi-isothermal” conditions in the metal hydride during measurements.

scholarly journals The Impact of Active and Passive Thermal Management on the Energy Storage Efficiency of Metal Hydride Pairs Based Heat Storage

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3006
Author(s):  
Serge Nyallang Nyamsi ◽  
Ivan Tolj
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Metal Hydride ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
Energy Storage Density ◽  
Storage Efficiency ◽  
Transfer Enhancement ◽  
Storage Density ◽  
Energy Storage Efficiency

Two-tank metal hydride pairs have gained tremendous interest in thermal energy storage systems for concentrating solar power plants or industrial waste heat recovery. Generally, the system’s performance depends on selecting and matching the metal hydride pairs and the thermal management adopted. In this study, the 2D mathematical modeling used to investigate the heat storage system’s performance under different thermal management techniques, including active and passive heat transfer techniques, is analyzed and discussed in detail. The change in the energy storage density, the specific power output, and the energy storage efficiency is studied under different heat transfer measures applied to the two tanks. The results showed that there is a trade-off between the energy storage density and the energy storage efficiency. The adoption of active heat transfer enhancement (convective heat transfer enhancement) leads to a high energy storage density of 670 MJ m−3 (close to the maximum theoretical value of 755.3 MJ m−3). In contrast, the energy storage efficiency decreases dramatically due to the increase in the pumping power. On the other hand, passive heat transfer techniques using the bed’s thermal conductivity enhancers provide a balance between the energy storage density (578 MJ m−3) and the energy efficiency (74%). The utilization of phase change material as an internal heat recovery medium leads to a further reduction in the heat storage performance indicators (142 MJ m−3 and 49%). Nevertheless, such a system combining thermochemical and latent heat storage, if properly optimized, can be promising for thermal energy storage applications.

Electron Beam - Directed Vapor Deposition of Multifunctional Structures

2001 ◽  
Vol 672 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. Queheillalt ◽  
Y. Katsumi ◽  
H. N. G. Wadley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Metal Hydride ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Porous Electrode ◽  
Cellular Structures ◽  
Nickel Metal ◽  
Nickel Metal Hydride ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Directed Vapor Deposition

ABSTRACTMultifunctional structures are those that combine load bearing support in addition to supplemental functions such as actuation, electrochemical energy storage or thermal management. Electron beam - directed vapor deposition (EB- DVD) technology has been used for the deposition of templated cellular structures for micro heat-pipe structures and porous electrode coatings for rechargeable nickel - metal hydride cells. In addition to load bearing support, the tem- plated cellular structures exhibit enhanced thermal management characteristics and the electrochemical cells can be integrated into the load bearing supports of linear and truss based structures leading to their multifunctionality. Dur- ing EB-DVD, the electron beam evaporated vapor flux is encompassed by a rarefied transonic inert gas jet, entraining the vapor in a non-reactive gas flow and transporting it onto a polymer or metal template structure. Here, EB-DVD technology has been used to synthesize copper based templated cellular structures for thermal management systems and porous nickel coatings for the positive electrode of rechargeable nickel - metal hydride cells.

scholarly journals МЕТАЛОГІДРИДНИЙ АКУМУЛЯТОР-КОМПРЕСОР ВОДНЮ З АВТОМАТИЧНОЮ СИСТЕМОЮ УПРАВЛІННЯ ТА КОНТРОЛЮ

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Михайло Романович Ткач ◽  
Борис Георгійович Тимошевський ◽  
Аркадій Юрійович Проскурін ◽  
Юрій Миколайович Галинкін
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Control ◽  
Metal Hydride ◽  
Block Diagram ◽  
Automatic Monitoring ◽  
Outer Side ◽  
Piping System ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Compression Pressure ◽  
Made In

A project of metal hydride hydrogen compressor is presented, which can be used as an element of refueling complexes, hydrogen storage and compression systems. The capacity of the developed sample is 40 kg of hydrogen, the mass is 4,8 ton, and the maximum compression pressure is 15 MPa. The base metal hydride material on the basis of which this compressor battery model is developed is LaNi4.5Al0.5. the sorption capacity of hydrogen of which is determined experimentally, and is at least 1.38 % by weight. A feature of the developed compressor battery is the use of air cooling, the presence of an automatic monitoring and control system, I allow a number of operations to be performed in automatic mode, and the use of software, electrical and automatic protection against overpressure. Each accumulator-compressor is made in the form of a steel box in which six blocks (capsules) are placed. The block, respectively, is made in the form of a steel coaxial multilayer cylinder, on the outer side of which there is a heating element and a layer of thermal insulation. In the middle of the cylinder is a sealed capsule filled with metal hydride material. Capsules are interconnected with the collector through a piping system. Also, the piping system is equipped with an inlet valve connecting the volume formed with an external receiver. The battery-compressor is equipped with an external receiver, to which a hydrogen, vacuum, nutrient and consumable outline is connected. Each circuit is equipped with an electromagnetic valve, as well as measuring devices, which makes it possible to carry out automatic control of parameters and automatic control of the device in accordance with the operating mode. A list of equipment is presented, on the basis of which a system of automatic control and monitoring, a block diagram of the main operating modes, an interface of the developed software are developed. Depending on the mode chosen by the operator, the automatic control and monitoring system allows activation of metal hydride materials, purification of contaminants of harmful impurities, sorption and desorption of hydrogen.

Process Design and Thermal Performance in Deep Drawing of SiCp/2024Al Composite Sheet Using Pulse Current Heating

2013 ◽  
Vol 712-715 ◽  
pp. 678-682
Author(s):  
Xiao Ming Lai ◽  
Zhe Wang ◽  
Yu Liang Zhang ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
Kai Feng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Drawing ◽  
Pulse Current ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Temperature Control System ◽  
Free Products ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Good Surface ◽  
Process System ◽  
System Temperature

The deep drawing of SiC/2024Al composites using pulse current heating were designed and established in this works. The whole process system mainly include pulse current heating system, electrode lifting system, temperature control system and deep drawing forming system. In addition, the feasibility of thermal deep drawing using pulse current heating was experimentally investigated and the optimal process parameters were explored to ensure defect-free products. The temperature of specimen is up to around 673K at a rate of 13.5K/s under the current density of 21.7A/mm2. The stainless steel inserts make temperature difference reducing by 73.3%. Moreover, the workpiece was successfully deep drawn and exhibited good surface quality. The dimensional accuracy achieved within ±0.2mm.

scholarly journals Optimization and application of temperature field in rapid heat cycling molding

2021 ◽  
pp. 291-291
Author(s):  
Mingliang Hao ◽  
Haimei Li
Keyword(s):  
Injection Molding ◽  
Electric Heating ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Mold Temperature ◽  
Temperature Control System ◽  
Cavity Surface ◽  
Injection Mold ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Molded Parts ◽  
Automotive Part

The rapid thermal cycle molding (RHCM) belongs to the injection mold temperature control system which is helpful to improve mold ability and enhance part quality. Despite many available literatures, RHCM does not represent a well-developed area of practice. The challenge is the uneven distribution of temperature in the cavity after heating, which mostly leads to defects on the surface of the products. In order to obtain uniform cavity surface temperature distribution of RHCM, the power of heating rods of the electric-heating system in an injection mold was optimized by the response surface method(RSM) in this work. The proposed optimization result was applied to design a complex RHCM injection mold with side core-pulling, holes and different thickness of an automotive part to verify its effectiveness by injection molding. Compared with initial design, the mold temperature uniformity was remarkably improvedby79%. Based on the optimization and injection molding numerical simulation results, the workable molding process to weaken the weld-lines effects on the quality was suggested and the practical injection molded parts were well produced.

scholarly journals Control sample for galaxy pairs: Simulations and Observations

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (S262) ◽  
pp. 410-411
Author(s):  
Josefa Perez ◽  
Patricia Tissera
Keyword(s):  
Control Sample ◽  
Analytic Model ◽  
Galaxy Interactions ◽  
Isolated Galaxies ◽  
Mock Control ◽  
Control Samples ◽  
Made In ◽  
Interpretation Of Results

AbstractSeveral attempts have been made in order to isolate the effect of galaxy interactions by comparing galaxy in pairs with isolated galaxies. However, different authors have proposed different ways to build these control samples (CS). By using mock galaxy catalagues built up from the Millennium Simulation, we show that the set of constrains used to define a CS might introduce biases which could affect the interpretation of results. In this analysis, we make use of the fact that the physics of interactions is not included in the semi-analytic model, so that any difference between the mock control and pair samples can be attributed to selection biases. Thus, we suggest how to build an unique and unbiased CS in order to individualize the effect of interactions. Based on this theoretical findings and using the SDSS-DR4 data, we revise some previous observational results of galaxy in pairs in order to evaluate any possible disagreement. The comparison between simulations and observations suggests an overestimated effect of the DM halo bias in semianalytical models.

scholarly journals Neural network method for climate forecasting water content of the Chernorechensk reservoir

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-28
Author(s):  
A.S. Lubkov ◽  
◽  
E.N. Voskresenskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Monthly Precipitation ◽  
Average Absolute Deviation ◽  
Early Assessment ◽  
Absolute Deviation ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Average Monthly Precipitation ◽  
Made In

New method for precipitation forecasting at the Ai-Petri region is proposed in this work. This method includes a model based on artificial neural networks. A set of global oceanic and meteorological indices were used as the input parameters of the model. SST and SLP data sets from NCEP / NCAR and HadISST re-analyses in 1950-2020 were used for indices calculation. A feature of the proposed model is the decomposition of the predicted series into two orthogonal signals, their independent modeling and subsequent addition of the calculated model values. The sum of model calculations signals was verified. The model was verified in the period 2007–2020. The possibility of forecasting average monthly precipitation amounts with a lead time of up to 6 months is shown. It is found the possibility of the model to predict precipitation in the winter and summer seasons, September and October, which is 70% of the average long-term annual precipitation. It is shown that the best forecast of precipitation for the winter season can be made in November, and with a higher quality of the forecast – in December. The average absolute deviation in the control sample was 28% and 23%, respectively. Taking into account that the maximum precipitation in the mountains occurs in the cold half of the year, and the fact that the main volume of water content of the Chernorechensk reservoir is formed in the cold period of the year, then the forecast of precipitation for the winter season is of the greatest importance. The forecast of precipitation for the summer period and September-October can be made in April (the average absolute deviation is 22%). In addition, the work tested and confirmed the possibility of a climate forecast of atmospheric pressure. The obtained results can be useful for early assessment of the level of filling of the Chernorechensk reservoir.

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