Advanced and Transformational Hydrogen Turbines for Integrated Gasification Combined Cycles

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter W. Shelton ◽  
Robin W. Ames ◽  
Richard A. Dennis ◽  
Charles W. White ◽  
John E. Plunkett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
System Level ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Reference Case ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
Integrated Gasification

The U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) provides a worldwide leadership role in the development of advanced fossil fuel-based energy conversion technologies, with a focus on electric power generation with carbon capture and storage (CCS). As part of DOE’s Office of Fossil Energy, the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) implements research, development, and demonstration (RD&D) programs that address the challenges of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. To meet these challenges, NETL evaluates advanced power cycles that will maximize system efficiency and performance, while minimizing CO2 emissions and the costs of CCS. NETL’s Hydrogen Turbine Program has sponsored numerous R&D projects in support of Advanced Hydrogen Turbines (AHT). Turbine systems and components targeted for development include combustor technology, materials research, enhanced cooling technology, coatings development, and more. The R&D builds on existing gas turbine technologies and is intended to develop and test the component technologies and subsystems needed to validate the ability to meet the Turbine Program goals. These technologies are key components of AHTs, which enable overall plant efficiency and cost of electricity (COE) improvements relative to an F-frame turbine-based Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) reference plant equipped with carbon capture (today’s state-of-the-art). This work has also provided the basis for estimating future IGCC plant performance based on a Transformational Hydrogen Turbine (THT) with a higher turbine inlet temperature, enhanced material capabilities, reduced air cooling and leakage, and higher pressure ratios than the AHT. IGCC cases from using system-level AHT and THT gas turbine models were developed for comparisons with an F-frame turbine-based IGCC reference case and for an IGCC pathway study. The IGCC pathway is presented in which the reference case (i.e. includes F-frame turbine) is sequentially-modified through the incorporation of advanced technologies. Advanced technologies are considered to be either 2nd Generation or Transformational, if they are anticipated to be ready for demonstration by 2025 and 2030, respectively. The current results included the THT, additional potential transformational technologies related to IGCC plant sections (e.g. air separation, gasification, gas cleanup, carbon capture, NOx reduction) are being considered by NETL and are topics for inclusion in future reports.

Technology Considerations for Optimizing IGCC Plant Performance

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Corman ◽  
Douglas M. Todd
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
System Integration ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Commercial Viability ◽  
Technical Innovations ◽  
Integrated Gasification ◽  
The Impact

The integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) concept is gaining acceptance as the Clean Coal technology with the best potential for continued improvement in performance and continued reduction in capital cost. In large part this potential will be realized by optimizing the integration of power generation and fuel conversion subsystems and by exploiting advances in gas turbine technology. This paper discusses the impact that technology advances in the gas turbine combined cycle are having on the commercial viability of the IGCC concept. Technical innovations in such areas as coal gas combustion, plant control, and system integration will ensure that IGCC technology will continue to advance well into the future.

Siemens SGT-800 Industrial Gas Turbine Enhanced to 50 MW: Turbine Design Modifications, Validation and Operation Experience

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lieke Wang ◽  
Mehdi Bahador ◽  
Simon Bruneflod ◽  
Mats Annerfeldt ◽  
Mats Björkman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
System Level ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Component Level ◽  
Strong Basis ◽  
Cooling Air

Siemens Oil & Gas introduced an enhanced SGT-800 gas turbine during 2010. The new power rating is 50.5 MW with a 38.3 % electrical efficiency (ISO) in simple cycle and the best in class combined-cycle performance of more than 55 %. The increased power and improved efficiency from the existing 47 MW rating are mainly obtained by improved compressor airfoil profiles and improved turbine aerodynamics and cooling air layout. The upgrade components in the gas turbine are interchangeable from the existing rating. The current paper is focused on the design modifications of the turbine parts and their validation and operation experience. For the turbine section, the main design modifications include the redesigned stage 1 with better aerodynamic and cooling performance, modified stage 3 for increased outlet area, etc. However, the turbine inlet temperature is not increased compared to the existing 47 MW rating. Comprehensive validation measures have been taken to make sure that the modifications meet the design targets, at both the component level and the system level. The results from the validation tests have confirmed the turbine performance in terms of aerodynamics, cooling, life time, etc. In addition, these results have given a strong basis for future upgrade, e.g., potential cooling air saving has been identified on several areas. The first SGT-800 with 50.5 MW rating was successfully operated and tested during the spring 2010 and the expected performance figures were confirmed. Up to January 2013, the fleet of this new rating has accumulated >40 000 Equivalent Operation hours (EOH), while the fleet leader has accumulated >16 000 EOH. A planned follow up inspection was made after 10 000 EOH by using borescope for the hot section, and it showed that all the turbine parts were in good condition.

Development of H2-Rich Syngas Fuelled GT for Future IGCC Power Plants: Establishment of a Baseline

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolett Sipo¨cz ◽  
Mohammad Mansouri ◽  
Peter Breuhaus ◽  
Mohsen Assadi
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
System Level ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle ◽  
Fuel Flexibility ◽  
Integrated Gasification

As part of the European Union (EU) funded H2-IGCC project this work presents the establishment of a baseline Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) power plant configuration under a new set of boundary conditions such as the combustion of undiluted hydrogen-rich syngas and high fuel flexibility. This means solving the problems with high NOx emitting diffusion burners, as this technology requires the costly dilution of the syngas with high flow rates of N2 and/or H2O. An overall goal of the project is to provide an IGCC configuration with a state-of-the-art (SOA) gas turbine (GT) with minor modifications to the existing SOA GT and with the ability to operate on a variety of fuels (H2-rich, syngas and natural gas) to meet the requirements of a future clean power generation. Therefore a detailed thermodynamic analysis of a SOA IGCC plant based on Shell gasification technology and Siemens/Ansaldo gas turbine with and without CO2 capture is presented. A special emphasis has been dedicated to evaluate at an intermediate stage of the project the GT performance and identify current technical constraints for the realization of the targeted fuel flexibility. The work shows that introduction of the low calorific fuel (H2 rich fuel more than 89 mol% H2) has rather small impact on the gas turbine from the system level study point of view. The study has indicated that the combustion of undiluted syngas has the potential of increasing the overall IGCC efficiency.

Thermodynamic Analysis and Optimization of IT-SOFC-Based Integrated Coal Gasification Fuel Cell Power Plants

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo C. Romano ◽  
Stefano Campanari ◽  
Vincenzo Spallina ◽  
Giovanni Lozza
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermodynamic Analysis ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Utilization Factor ◽  
Best Available Technologies ◽  
Integrated Gasification

This work discusses the thermodynamic analysis of integrated gasification fuel cell plants, where a simple cycle gas turbine works in a hybrid cycle with a pressurized intermediate temperature–solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), integrated with a coal gasification and syngas cleanup island and a bottoming steam cycle (reflecting the arrangement of integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) plants) to optimize heat recovery and maximize efficiency. This work addresses the optimization of the plant layout, discussing the effect of the SOFC fuel utilization factor and the possibility of a fuel bypass to increase the gas turbine total inlet temperature and reduce the plant expected investment costs. Moreover, a discussion of technological issues related to the feasibility of the connection among the plant high temperature components is carried out, presenting the effects of different limitations of the maximum temperatures reached by the plant piping. With the proposed plant configurations, which do not include—apart from the SOFC—any component far from the nowadays best available technologies, a net electric lower heating value efficiency approaching 52–54% was calculated, showing a remarkable increase with respect to state-of-the-art advanced IGCCs.

Development of Air Cooled Combustor for Mitsubishi G Class Gas Turbine

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keizo Tsukagoshi ◽  
Hisato Arimura ◽  
Katsunori Tanaka ◽  
Koichi Nishida ◽  
Testu Konishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Steam Cooling ◽  
Cooling Technology ◽  
Verification Test

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) pioneered the introduction of steam cooling technology for gas turbines with the introduction of the M501G in 1997. To date, 62 Mitsubishi G units have been sold making this series the largest steam cooled fleet in the market. The turbine inlet temperature (TIT) for this gas turbine is 1500 deg. C. The original M501G has been upgraded for air cooling applications. This upgraded version is called as M501GAC (G Air Cooled). Several Dry Low NOx (DLN) and cooling technologies from existing F and G series were applied to the upgraded M501GAC. The new GAC combustor was installed in the in-house verification Combined Cycle Power Plant, called T-Point, and verification tests of the combustor were conducted from November 2008. The air cooled M501GAC combustor demonstrated less than 15ppm NOx operation, stable combustor dynamics at all load levels, and high combustor ignition reliability making it suitable for daily start and stop operation at T-Point. Long term verification test is currently under way.

Development of Air Cooled Combustor for Mitsubishi G Class Gas Turbine

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keizo Tsukagoshi ◽  
Shinji Akamatsu ◽  
Kenji Sato ◽  
Katsunori Tanaka ◽  
Hiroaki Kishida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Steam Cooling ◽  
Cooling Technology ◽  
Verification Test

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) pioneered the introduction of steam cooling technology for gas turbines with the introduction of the M501G in 1997. To date, 71 Mitsubishi G units have been sold making this series the largest steam cooled fleet in the market. The turbine inlet temperature (TIT) for this gas turbine is 1500 deg. C. The original M501G has been upgraded for air cooling applications. This upgraded version is called as M501GAC (G Air Cooled). The latest Dry Low NOx (DLN) and cooling technologies from existing F and G series were applied to the upgraded M501GAC. The new GAC combustor was installed in the in-house verification Combined Cycle Power Plant, called T-Point, and verification tests of the combustor were conducted from November 2008. The air cooled M501GAC combustor demonstrated less than 15ppm NOx operation, stable combustor dynamics at all load levels, and high combustor ignition reliability making it suitable for daily start and stop operation at T-Point. Also, oil firing capabilities was tested in May, 2010. Long term verification test is completed in fall 2010.

Steam Cycle Regeneration Influence on Combined Gas-Steam Power Plant Performance

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 574-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Cerri ◽  
A. Colage´
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Efficiency Gain ◽  
Steam Power ◽  
Steam Cycle

The influence of steam cycle regeneration on combined plant performance has been analyzed from the thermodynamic point of view. A mathematical model has been developed and calculations have been performed according to a cycle analysis criterion. The higher the number of extractions the lower the relative efficiency gain. The influence of the intermediate feedwater temperatures is very small when these temperatures are slightly changed in relation to the equally spaced values. Results are given for a gas turbine firing temperature equal to 1000°C. They show a positive influence on combined cycle efficiency for small regeneration degrees. Gas turbine firing temperature in the range of 800–1400°C has been considered. The influence of the economizer inlet temperature lower limit is shown.

scholarly journals Thermodynamical Optimization of a Combined Cycle Plant Performance

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sarabchi ◽  
G. T. Polley
Keyword(s):  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Turbine Inlet ◽  
Recovery Boiler

Computer modelling of Performance optimization was done to examine the effect of key operating variables like compressor pressure ratio, turbine inlet temperature, and recovery boiler pressure on performance parameters of a simple combined cycle and comparison was made to a simple gas turbine cycle. Both thermal efficiency and specific net work were examined as pressure ratio and recovery boiler pressure were varied for each turbine inlet temperature. Also careful consideration was given to admissible values of stack gas temperature, steam turbine outlet dryness fraction, and steam turbine outlet dryness fraction, and steam turbine inlet temperature. Specifically, it was shown that when we treat a combined cycle as an integrated system, efficiency optimization entails a pressure ratio below that suitable for simple gas turbine plant.

scholarly journals Thermal Energy Storage For Gas Turbine Power Augmentation

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 592-608
Author(s):  
Vasilis Gkoutzamanis ◽  
Anastasia Chatziangelidou ◽  
Theofilos Efstathiadis ◽  
Anestis Kalfas ◽  
Alberto Traverso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Air Inlet ◽  
Conventional Cooling

This work is concerned with the investigation of thermal energy storage (TES) in relation to gas turbine inlet air cooling. The utilization of such techniques in simple gas turbine or combined cycle plants leads to improvement of flexibility and overall performance. Its scope is to review the various methods used to provide gas turbine power augmentation through inlet cooling and focus on the rising opportunities when these are combined with thermal energy storage. The results show that there is great potential in such systems due to their capability to provide intake conditioning of the gas turbine, decoupled from the ambient conditions. Moreover, latent heat TES have the strongest potential (compared to sensible heat TES) towards integrated inlet conditioning systems, making them a comparable solution to the more conventional cooling methods and uniquely suitable for energy production applications where stabilization of GT air inlet temperature is a requisite. Considering the system’s thermophysical, environmental and economic characteristics, employing TES leads to more than 10% power augmentation.

Exergetic Assessment of a Syngas-Redox-Based IGCC Plant for Generating Electricity

2013 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sorgenfrei ◽  
G. Tsatsaronis
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Thermodynamic Assessment ◽  
Oxygen Carrier ◽  
Redox System ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle ◽  
Integrated Gasification ◽  
Hematite Fe2o3

Carbon capture from advanced integrated gasification combined-cycle (IGCC) processes should outperform conventional coal combustion with subsequent CO2 separation in terms of efficiency and CO2 capture rates. This paper provides a thermodynamic assessment, using an exergy analysis of a syngas redox (SGR) process for generating electricity. The power island of the proposed process uses syngas produced by coal gasification and is then cleaned through a high-temperature gas desulfurization (HGD) process. Hematite (Fe2O3) is used as an oxygen carrier to oxidize the syngas. To achieve a closed-cycle operation, the reduced iron particles are first partially re-oxidized with steam and then fully re-oxidized with pressurized air. One advantage of this design is that the resulting hydrogen (using steam in the re-oxidation section) can be utilized within the same plant or be sold as a secondary product. In the proposed process, diluted hydrogen is combusted in a gas turbine. Heat integration is central to the design. Thus far, the SGR process and the HGD unit are not commercially availiable. To establish a benchmark, the rate of exergy destruction within the SGR process was compared to a coal-fed Shell gasification IGCC design with Selexol-based precombustion carbon capture. Some thermodynamic inefficiencies were found to shift from the gas turbine to the steam cycle and redox system, while the net efficiency remained almost the same. A process simulation was undertaken, using Aspen Plus and the engineering equation solver (EES).

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