Computation of Liquid Fuel Atomization and Mixing by Means of the SPH Method: Application to a Jet Engine Fuel Nozzle

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Dauch ◽  
S. Braun ◽  
L. Wieth ◽  
G. Chaussonnet ◽  
M. Keller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Spray ◽  
Nozzle Geometry ◽  
Engine Fuel ◽  
Sph Method ◽  
Flow Problems ◽  
Fuel Atomization ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Primary Breakup ◽  
Smoothed Particle ◽  
Fuel Nozzle

At the “Institut für Thermische Strömungsmaschinen” (ITS) a numerical method based on the the meshfree “Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics” (SPH) approach has been developed with the objective of computing primary breakup in the vicinity of fuel spray nozzles [1, 2]. In recent publications the successful application of the code to different flow problems is demonstrated [3, 4]. In this paper we present the first application of the method to investigate a simplified, but applied fuel spray nozzle geometry of the swirl cup design in 2D. The atomization process of Jet-A1 at ambient and at high pressure conditions is compared in terms of film flow development, mixing and spray characteristics. The influence of pressure is pointed out and quantified. The study demonstrates that the SPH method is a suitable toolbox for the analysis and the design of fuel spray nozzles. Unique analysis tools that are not available in grid-based CFD methods are presented and applied. Droplet distributions are extracted, which can be considered as possible input in subsequent Euler-Lagrange computations.

scholarly journals Progress in the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Method to Simulate and Post-process Numerical Simulations of Annular Airblast Atomizers

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 1119-1147
Author(s):  
G. Chaussonnet ◽  
T. Dauch ◽  
M. Keller ◽  
M. Okraschevski ◽  
C. Ates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Flux Ratio ◽  
Liquid Sheet ◽  
Sph Method ◽  
Post Process ◽  
Finite Time Lyapunov Exponent ◽  
Fragmentation Spectrum ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Primary Breakup ◽  
Smoothed Particle

AbstractThis paper illustrates recent progresses in the development of the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method to simulate and post-process liquid spray generation. The simulation of a generic annular airblast atomizer is presented, in which a liquid sheet is fragmented by two concentric counter swirling air streams. The accent is put on how the SPH method can bridge the gap between the CAD geometry of a nozzle and its characterization, in terms of spray characteristics and dynamics. In addition, the Lagrangian nature of the SPH method allows to extract additional data to give further insight in the spraying process. First, the sequential breakup events can be tracked from one large liquid blob to very fine stable droplets. This is herein called the tree of fragmentation. From this tree of fragmentation, abstract quantities can be drawn such as the breakup activity and the fragmentation spectrum. Second, the Lagrangian coherent structures in the turbulent flow can be determined easily with the finite-time Lyapunov exponent (FTLE). The extraction of the FTLE is particularly feasible in the SPH framework. Finally, it is pointed out that there is no universal and ultimate non-dimensional number that can characterize airblast primary breakup. Depending on the field of interest, a non-dimensional number (e.g. Weber number) might be more appropriate than another one (e.g. momentum flux ratio) to characterize the regime, and vice versa.

scholarly journals IMPROVED SMOOTHED PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS WITH RANS FOR FREE-SURFACE FLOW PROBLEMS

2012 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 1240001 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. SHAO ◽  
M. B. LIU ◽  
X. F. YANG ◽  
L. CHENG
Keyword(s):  
Free Surface ◽  
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Free Surface Flow ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Computational Accuracy ◽  
Sph Method ◽  
Flow Problems ◽  
Kernel Gradient Correction ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Smoothed Particle

This paper presents an implementation of an improved smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method for numerical simulation of free-surface flow problems. The presented SPH method involves two major modifications on the traditional SPH method: (1) kernel gradient correction (KGC) and density correction to improve the computational accuracy in particle approximation and (2) RANS turbulence model to capture the inherent physics of flow turbulence. In the simulation, artificial compressibility for modeling incompressible fluid and ghost particles for treating solid boundaries are both applied. The presented SPH has been applied to two dam-breaking problems. We demonstrated that the presented SPH method has very good performance with more accurate flow patterns and pressure field distribution.

scholarly journals Analyzing the Interaction of Vortex and Gas–Liquid Interface Dynamics in Fuel Spray Nozzles by Means of Lagrangian-Coherent Structures (2D)

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 2552
Author(s):  
Dauch ◽  
Ates ◽  
Rapp ◽  
Keller ◽  
Chaussonnet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coherent Structures ◽  
Fuel Spray ◽  
Nozzle Geometry ◽  
Spray Nozzle ◽  
Sph Method ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Fuel Flow ◽  
Finite Time Lyapunov Exponent ◽  
Primary Breakup ◽  
Unique Approach

Predictions of the primary breakup of fuel in realistic fuel spray nozzles for aero-enginecombustors by means of the SPH method are presented. Based on simulations in 2D, novel insightsinto the fundamental effects of primary breakup are established by analyzing the dynamics ofLagrangian-coherent structures (LCSs). An in-house visualization and data exploration platformis used in order to retrieve fields of the finite-time Lyapunov exponent (FTLE) derived from theSPH predictions aiming at the identification of time resolved LCSs. The main focus of this paperis demonstrating the suitability of FTLE fields to capture and visualize the interaction between thegas and the fuel flow leading to liquid disintegration. Aiming for a convenient illustration at a highspatial resolution, the analysis is presented based on 2D datasets. However, the method and theconclusions can analoguosly be transferred to 3D. The FTLE fields of modified nozzle geometriesare compared in order to highlight the influence of the nozzle geometry on primary breakup, whichis a novel and unique approach for this industrial application. Modifications of the geometry areproposed which are capable of suppressing the formation of certain LCSs, leading to less fluctuationof the fuel flow emerging from the spray nozzle.

scholarly journals Numerical Simulation of Non-Homogeneous Viscous Debris-Flows Based on the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) Method

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Wang ◽  
Anping Shu ◽  
Matteo Rubinato ◽  
Mengyao Wang ◽  
Jiping Qin
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flow ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Debris Flows ◽  
Sph Method ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Sph Model ◽  
Smoothed Particle ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Kinetic And Potential Energies

Non-homogeneous viscous debris flows are characterized by high density, impact force and destructiveness, and the complexity of the materials they are made of. This has always made these flows challenging to simulate numerically, and to reproduce experimentally debris flow processes. In this study, the formation-movement process of non-homogeneous debris flow under three different soil configurations was simulated numerically by modifying the formulation of collision, friction, and yield stresses for the existing Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method. The results obtained by applying this modification to the SPH model clearly demonstrated that the configuration where fine and coarse particles are fully mixed, with no specific layering, produces more fluctuations and instability of the debris flow. The kinetic and potential energies of the fluctuating particles calculated for each scenario have been shown to be affected by the water content by focusing on small local areas. Therefore, this study provides a better understanding and new insights regarding intermittent debris flows, and explains the impact of the water content on their formation and movement processes.

Numerical investigation of anguilliform locomotion by the SPH method

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 328-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Rahmat ◽  
Hossein Nasiri ◽  
Marjan Goodarzi ◽  
Ehsan Heidaryan
Keyword(s):  
Drag Coefficient ◽  
Numerical Investigation ◽  
Sph Method ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Aquatic Locomotion ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Dummy Particles ◽  
Smoothed Particle ◽  
Sph Algorithm

Purpose This paper aims to introduce a numerical investigation of aquatic locomotion using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method. Design/methodology/approach To model this problem, a simple improved SPH algorithm is presented that can handle complex geometries using updatable dummy particles. The computational code is validated by solving the flow over a two-dimensional cylinder and comparing its drag coefficient for two different Reynolds numbers with those in the literature. Findings Additionally, the drag coefficient and vortices created behind the aquatic swimmer are quantitatively and qualitatively compared with available credential data. Afterward, the flow over an aquatic swimmer is simulated for a wide range of Reynolds and Strouhal numbers, as well as for the amplitude envelope. Moreover, comprehensive discussions on drag coefficient and vorticity patterns behind the aquatic are made. Originality/value It is found that by increasing both Reynolds and Strouhal numbers separately, the anguilliform motion approaches the self-propulsion condition; however, the vortices show different pattern with these increments.

scholarly journals Application of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) for the Simulation of Flow-like Landslides on 3D Terrains

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binghui Cui ◽  
Liaojun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Sph Method ◽  
Landslide Event ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Smoothed Particle ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Mitigation Design ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Flow-type landslide is one type of landslide that generally exhibits characteristics of high flow velocities, long jump distances, and poor predictability. Simulation of it facilitates propagation analysis and provides solutions for risk assessment and mitigation design. The smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method has been successfully applied to the simulation of two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) flow-like landslides. However, the influence of boundary resistance on the whole process of landslide failure is rarely discussed. In this study, a boundary algorithm considering the friction is proposed, and integrated into the boundary condition of the SPH method, and its accuracy is verified. Moreover, the Navier-Stokes equation combined with the non-Newtonian fluid rheology model was utilized to solve the dynamic behavior of the flow-like landslide. To verify its performance, the Shuicheng landslide event, which occurred in Guizhou, China, was taken as a case study. In the 2D simulation, a sensitivity analysis was conducted, and the results showed that the shearing strength parameters have more influence on the computation accuracy in comparison with the coefficient of viscosity. Afterwards, the dynamic characteristics of the landslide, such as the velocity and the impact area, were analyzed in the 3D simulation. The simulation results are in good agreement with the field investigations. The simulation results demonstrate that the SPH method performs well in reproducing the landslide process, and facilitates the analysis of landslide characteristics as well as the affected areas, which provides a scientific basis for conducting the risk assessment and disaster mitigation design.

Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics into the Fluid Dynamics of Classical Problems

2016 ◽  
Vol 846 ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maziar Gholami Korzani ◽  
S. Galindo Torres ◽  
Alexander Scheuermann ◽  
David J. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Analytical Solutions ◽  
Poiseuille Flow ◽  
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Slip Boundary Condition ◽  
Sph Method ◽  
Slip Boundary ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Smoothed Particle ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd

The study concerns the application of the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method within the computational fluid dynamics (CFD). In the present study, some classical problems – the Poiseuille flow, the Hagen-Poiseuille flow, and the Couette flow – with the analytical solutions were investigated to verify a newly developed code of SPH. The code used for solving these problems, is an entirely parallel SPH solver in 3D and has been developed by the authors. Fluid was modelled as a viscous liquid with weak compressibility. The boundary walls were simulated with a special set of fixed boundary particles, and no-slip boundary condition was considered. Computational results were compared to available analytical solutions for transient hydraulic processes. Good agreement is achieved for the whole transient stage of the considered problems until steady state is reached. The results of this study highlight the potential of SPH to tackle a broad range of problems in fluid mechanics.

A STABLE LARGE DEFORMATION CORRECTED SPH METHOD BASED ON STABILIZED CONFORMING NODAL INTEGRATION AND LAGRANGIAN KERNELS

2012 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 1250057
Author(s):  
S. WANG
Keyword(s):  
Large Deformation ◽  
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Solid Mechanics ◽  
Particle Methods ◽  
Sph Method ◽  
Nodal Integration ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Smoothed Particle ◽  
Meshless Approximation ◽  
Complex Phenomena

In this paper, we propose a Galerkin-based smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) formulation with moving least-squares meshless approximation, applied to solid mechanics and large deformation. Our method is truly meshless and based on Lagrangian kernel formulation and stabilized nodal integration. The performance of the methodology proposed is tested through various simulations, demonstrating the attractive ability of particle methods to handle severe distortions and complex phenomena.

scholarly journals Numerical Model of Oil Film Diffusion in Water Based on SPH Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daming Li ◽  
Zhu Zhen ◽  
Hongqiang Zhang ◽  
Yanqing Li ◽  
Xingchen Tang
Keyword(s):  
Particle Density ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Viscosity Coefficient ◽  
Oil Viscosity ◽  
Local Pressure ◽  
Sph Method ◽  
Film Diffusion ◽  
Oil Film ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Smoothed Particle

The smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method is applied to study the oil film diffusion in the water. By modifying the SPH equations of fluid dynamics, the multiphase flow SPH equations are obtained to establish the computational oil film diffusion model. By discussing three kinds of particle pairing schemes in the calculation of oil particle density, the redistribution mode of particle density is determined. The diffusion process of oil film is simulated, the effects of oil viscosity coefficient and particle density on oil film diffusion are analyzed, and the distribution of local pressure near oil particles in the process of oil film spreading is calculated. Finally, the calculated value of the oil film expansion diameter is compared with two other numerical models, and the calculated result shows a high coherence with the others.

Meshless Simulation of Fracture in Thin-Walled Pipe Structures

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Fracture ◽  
Fracture Criterion ◽  
Sph Method ◽  
Shell Analysis ◽  
Stress Point ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Thin Walled Pipe ◽  
Smoothed Particle ◽  
Point Integration ◽  
Thin Walled

A meshless shell method for dynamic fracture problems based on normalized Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) is presented. The SPH method is corrected by a normalization in order to fulfill completeness requirement. Instability are controlled by stress-point integration. The method is modified for Mindlin-Reissner shell analysis. Stress based fracture criterion is incorporated based on the visibility method. The method is applied to two dynamic fracture problems in thin-walled pipes including fluid-structure interaction. The results are compared to experimental data and they are very promising.

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