Micro Gas-Turbine Design for Small-Scale Hybrid Solar Power Plants

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Aichmayer ◽  
James Spelling ◽  
Björn Laumert ◽  
Torsten Fransson
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Receiver Design ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Solar Power Plants ◽  
Electricity Costs

Hybrid solar micro gas-turbines are a promising technology for supplying controllable low-carbon electricity in off-grid regions. A thermoeconomic model of three different hybrid micro gas-turbine power plant layouts has been developed, allowing their environmental and economic performance to be analyzed. In terms of receiver design, it was shown that the pressure drop is a key criterion. However, for recuperated layouts the combined pressure drop of the recuperator and receiver is more important. The internally-fired recuperated micro gas-turbine was shown to be the most promising solution of the three configurations evaluated, in terms of both electricity costs and carbon emissions. Compared to competing diesel generators, the electricity costs from hybrid solar units are between 10% and 43% lower, while specific CO2 emissions are reduced by 20–35%.

Micro Gas-Turbine Design for Small-Scale Hybrid Solar Power Plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Aichmayer ◽  
James Spelling ◽  
Björn Laumert ◽  
Torsten Fransson
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Receiver Design ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Solar Power Plants ◽  
Electricity Costs

Hybrid solar micro gas-turbines are a promising technology for supplying controllable low-carbon electricity in off-grid regions. A thermoeconomic model of three different hybrid micro gas-turbine power plant layouts has been developed, allowing their environmental and economic performance to be analyzed. In terms of receiver design, it was shown that the pressure drop is a key criterion. However, for recuperated layouts, the combined pressure drop of the recuperator and receiver is more important. In terms of both electricity costs and carbon emissions, the internally-fired recuperated micro gas-turbine was shown to be the most promising solution of the three configurations evaluated. Compared to competing diesel generators, the electricity costs from hybrid solar units are between 10% and 43% lower, while specific CO2 emissions are reduced by 20–35%.

Assessment of the Potential of Combined Micro Gas Turbine and High Temperature Fuel Cell Systems

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dieter Bohn ◽  
Nathalie Po¨ppe ◽  
Joachim Lepers
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Cell Systems ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Technological Assessment

The present paper reports a detailed technological assessment of two concepts of integrated micro gas turbine and high temperature (SOFC) fuel cell systems. The first concept is the coupling of micro gas turbines and fuel cells with heat exchangers, maximising availability of each component by the option for easy stand-alone operation. The second concept considers a direct coupling of both components and a pressurised operation of the fuel cell, yielding additional efficiency augmentation. Based on state-of-the-art technology of micro gas turbines and solid oxide fuel cells, the paper analyses effects of advanced cycle parameters based on future material improvements on the performance of 300–400 kW combined micro gas turbine and fuel cell power plants. Results show a major potential for future increase of net efficiencies of such power plants utilising advanced materials yet to be developed. For small sized plants under consideration, potential net efficiencies around 70% were determined. This implies possible power-to-heat-ratios around 9.1 being a basis for efficient utilisation of this technology in decentralised CHP applications.

Design and Optimization of Turbomachinery Components for Parabolic Dish Solar Hybrid Micro Gas Turbine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maulana Arifin ◽  
Markus Schatz ◽  
Damian M. Vogt
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Parabolic Dish ◽  
Fully Coupled

Abstract The application of power plants based on renewable energy sources is attractive from an ecological viewpoint. Micro Gas Turbine (MGT) combined with solar energy is a highly promising technology for small-scale electric power generations in remote areas. In MGT state-of-the-art development, the necessity of the numerical optimization in turbomachinery components becomes increasingly important due to its direct impact on the MGT cycle performance. The present paper provides the multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) of a radial turbine and radial compressor for a 40 kW Solar Hybrid Micro Gas Turbine (SHGT) with a 15m diameter parabolic dish concentrator. The objectives of MDO are to maximize the stage efficiency, to minimize the maximum stress and the inertia, and to enhance the operational flexibility. Preliminary design and performance map prediction using one-dimensional (1D) analysis are performed for both turbine and compressor at various speed lines followed by full three-dimensional (3D) Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), Finite Element (FE) analyses and 3D parameterization in the MDO simulations. The purpose of 1D analysis is to set the primary parameters for initial geometry such as rotor dimensions, passage areas, diffuser and volute size. The MDO has been performed using fully coupled multi-stream tube (MST), 3D CFD and FE simulations. MST is used for calculating the load on the blade and the flow distribution from hub to shroud and linearized blade-to-blade calculations based on quasi-three dimensional flow. Thereafter, 3D CFD simulations are performed to calculate efficiencies while the structural stresses are simulated by means of FE analyses. In the current studies, Numeca Fine/Turbo is used as a CFD solver and Ansys Mechanical as a FEA solver, together with Axcent™ as an interface to Fine/Design 3D for geometry parameterization. Furthermore, the cycle analysis for SHGT has been performed to evaluate the effect of the new turbomachinery components from the MDO on the SHGT system performance. It is found that using the MST fully coupled with CFD and FE analysis can significantly reduce the computational cost and time on the design and development process.

Prediction and Mitigation Strategies for Compressor Instabilities due to Large Pressurized Volumes in Micro Gas Turbine Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Krummrein ◽  
Martin Henke ◽  
Timo Lingstädt ◽  
Martina Hohloch ◽  
Peter Kutne
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Flow Instability ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Mathematical Explanation ◽  
Shaft Speed ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Micro gas turbines are a versatile platform for advanced cycle concepts. In these novel cycles, basic micro gas turbine components — compressor, turbine, combustor and recuperator — are coupled with various other technologies to achieve higher efficiency and flexibility. Examples are hybrid power plants integrating pressurized fuel cells, solar receivers or thermal storages. Characteristically, such complex cycles contain vast pressurized gas volumes between compressor and turbine, many times larger than those contained in conventional micro gas turbines. In fast deceleration maneuvers the rotational speed of the compressor drops rapidly. However, the pressure decrease is delayed due to the large amount of gas contained in the volumes. Ultimately, this can lead to compressor flow instability or surge. To predict and mitigate such instabilities, not only the compressor surge limit must be known, but also the dynamic dependencies between shaft speed deceleration, pressure and flow changes within the system. Since appropriate experiments may damage the system, investigations with numerical simulations are crucial. The investigation begins with a mathematical explanation of the relevant mechanisms, based on a simplified analytical model. Subsequently, the DLR in-house simulation program TMTSyS (Transient Modular Turbo-System Simulator) is used to investigate the impact of transient maneuvers on a micro gas turbine test rig containing a large pressurized gas volume in detail. After the relevant aspects of the simulation model are validated against measurement data, it is shown that the occurrence of compressor instabilities induced by fast deceleration can be predicted with the simulator. It is also shown that the simulation tool enables these predictions using only measurement data of non-critical maneuvers. Hence, mitigation strategies are derived that allow to estimate save shaft speed deceleration rate limits based on non-critical performance measurements.

scholarly journals Diagnostics-Oriented Modelling of Micro Gas Turbines for Fleet Monitoring and Maintenance Optimization

Processes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moksadur Rahman ◽  
Valentina Zaccaria ◽  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Konstantinos Kyprianidis
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Power Generators ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Commercial Off The Shelf ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Cost

The market for the small-scale micro gas turbine is expected to grow rapidly in the coming years. Especially, utilization of commercial off-the-shelf components is rapidly reducing the cost of ownership and maintenance, which is paving the way for vast adoption of such units. However, to meet the high-reliability requirements of power generators, there is an acute need of a real-time monitoring system that will be able to detect faults and performance degradation, and thus allow preventive maintenance of these units to decrease downtime. In this paper, a micro gas turbine based combined heat and power system is modelled and used for development of physics-based diagnostic approaches. Different diagnostic schemes for performance monitoring of micro gas turbines are investigated.

scholarly journals AMBIENT TEMPERATURE IMPACT ON MICRO GAS TURBINES: EXPERIMENTAL CHARACTERIZATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 78-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iacopo Rossi ◽  
Alberto Traverso
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Large Power ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine

In the panorama of gas turbines for energy production, a great relevance is given to performance impact of the ambient conditions. Under the influence of ambient temperature, humidity and other factors, the engine performance is subject to consistent variations. This is true for large power plants as well as small engines. In Combined Cycle configuration, variation in performance are mitigated by the HRSG and the bottoming steam cycle. In a small scale system, such as a micro gas turbine, the influence on the electric and thermal power productions is strong as well, and is not mitigated by a bottoming cycle. This work focuses on the Turbec T100 micro gas turbine and its performance through a series of operations with different ambient temperatures. The goal is to characterize the engine performance deriving simple correlations for the influence of ambient temperature on performance, at different electrical loads. The newly obtained experimental data are compared with previous performance curves on a modified machine, to capture the differences due to hardware degradation in time. An active management of the compressor inlet temperature may be developed in the future, basing on the analysis reported here.

scholarly journals Review of Recuperator used in Micro Gas Turbine

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VIII) ◽  
pp. 634-637
Author(s):  
Yastuti Rao Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Turbine Unit ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine Unit ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine

Micro gas turbines are an auspicious technology for power generation because of their small size, low pollution, low maintenance, high reliability and natural fuel used. Recuperator is vital requirement in micro gas turbine unit for improve the efficiency of micro turbine unit . Heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics are important for designing an efficient recuperator. Recuperators preheat compressed air by transfer heat from exhaust gas of turbines, thus reducing fuel consumption and improving the thermal efficiency of micro gas turbine unit from 16–20% to 30%. The fundamental principles for optimization design of PSR are light weight, low pressure loss and high heat-transfer between exhaust gas to compressed air. There is many type of recuperator used in micro gas turbine like Annular CWPS recuperator , recuperator with involute-profile element , honey well , swiss-Roll etc . In this review paper is doing study of Heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of many types recuperator.

Micro Gas Turbine Small-Scale Effects in Range Extended Electric Vehicles

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Adeel Javed ◽  
Hassan Abdullah Khalid ◽  
Syed Umer bin Arif ◽  
Mohammad Imran ◽  
Ahmed Rezk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Scale Effects ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Range Extender ◽  
Charging Time ◽  
Driving Range ◽  
Battery Bank

Abstract Application of a range extender in an electric vehicle can reduce the battery bank size and extend the driving range on need basis. A micro gas turbine offers high power density, fuel flexibility, a reliable thermal efficiency (with recuperation) and less raw exhaust gaseous emissions compared to an internal combustion engine. However, micro gas turbines also incur low component performances due to small-scale effects related to high viscous losses, heat transfer between hot and cold sections, and manufacturing and assembly constraints compared to their larger counterparts. In this paper, the micro gas turbine thermodynamic cycle has been designed in Gas Turbine Simulation Program (GSP) and evaluated in terms of the small-scale effects simultaneously with the battery bank energy and charging time analysis. The key objective is to demonstrate the effectiveness of a micro gas turbine in saving weight of a range-extended electric vehicle while understanding the impact of small-scale effects on the battery bank energy and charging time. Results indicate that a relatively smaller 22 kWh battery bank can be utilized with prospects of cost savings together with a 47 kW micro gas turbine range extender to achieve an average driving range of 100 km and a charging time of 30 min for the baseline electric vehicle. Furthermore, the compressor and turbine isentropic efficiencies are found to have a significant impact on the overall battery bank performance.

Solar Desalination Based on Micro Gas Turbines Driven by Parabolic Dish Collectors

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Sánchez ◽  
Miguel Rollán ◽  
Lourdes García-Rodríguez ◽  
G. S. Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Distillation Unit ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This paper presents the preliminary design and techno-economic assessment of an innovative solar system for the simultaneous production of water and electricity at small scale, based on the combination of a solar micro gas turbine and a bottoming desalination unit. The proposed layout is such that the former system converts solar energy into electricity and rejects heat that can be used to drive a thermal desalination plant. A design model is developed in order to select the main design parameters for two different desalination technologies, phase change and membrane desalination, in order to better exploit the available electricity and waste heat from the turbine. In addition to the usual design parameters of the mGT, the impact of the size of the collector is also assessed and, for the desalination technologies, a tailored multi-effect distillation unit is analysed through the selection of the corresponding design parameters. A reverse osmosis desalination system is also designed in parallel, based on commercial software currently used by the water industry. The results show that the electricity produced by the solar micro gas turbine can be used to drive a Reverse Osmosis system effectively whereas the exhaust gases could drive a distillation unit. This would decrease the stack temperature of the plant, increasing the overall energy efficiency of the system. Nevertheless, the better thermodynamic performance of this fully integrated system does not translate into a more economical production of water. Indeed, the cost of water turns out lower when coupling the solar microturbine and Reverse Osmosis units only (between 3 and 3.5 €/m3), whilst making further use the available waste heat in a Multi Effect Distillation system rises the cost of water by 15%.

scholarly journals Qualitative and quantitative analysis of small scale thermal energy in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 52-70
Author(s):  
V. A. Petrushchenkov ◽  
I. A. Korshakova
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
The State ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Total Capacity ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

THE PURPOSE. Perform a review of information sources on the state of small-capacity thermal power in Russia when the unit capacity of steam turbine, gas turbine and gas piston units is less than 25 MW. Evaluate the information sources of the authors of publications that provide statistics for small-scale energy facilities. Make an assessment of the state of small-scale energy in Russia based on a specific list of objects maintained by the authors over the past 25 years. Consider the manufacturers and characteristics of different types of aggregates, as well as the schemes for integrating aggregates into the thermal schemes of existing sources. METHODS. Statistical indicators of small-scale energy facilities presented in tabular form in Excel are determined based on the built-in functions of this program. RESULTS. The production and characteristics of modern units based on steam turbines are considered. Practical schemes for integrating counter-pressure steam turbo generators into the thermal schemes of existing heat sources are presented. Russian and foreign manufacturers and characteristics of electric units based on gas turbines and internal combustion engines operating on the Otto cycle are considered. Thermal diagrams of gas-turbine and gas-piston units producing both electric and thermal energy are given. A statistical analysis of the list of small-scale cogeneration and power plants of simple cycle compiled by the authors is performed. The number of stations of different types, their distribution by total capacity, regions, industries, and years of commissioning are determined. CONCLUSION. It is shown that gas-turbine and gas-piston installations with a total capacity of up to 80% play a decisive role in the structure of small thermal energy. Quantitative indicators - the total number of stations of small-scale power facilities is about 1500 units and the total electric capacity is more than 18 GW allow us to get an idea of the significant role of small-scale heat power in Russia. Quantitative indicators for solar and wind power plants in the country are also considered.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document