scholarly journals Development and Assessment of Coatings for Future Power Generation Turbines

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Alvin ◽  
D. Zhu ◽  
K. Klotz ◽  
B. McMordie ◽  
B. Warnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
West Virginia University ◽  
University Of Pittsburgh ◽  
Barrier Coating ◽  
Regional University ◽  
The University

The NETL-Regional University Alliance (RUA) continues to advance technology development critical to turbine manufacturer efforts for achieving DOE Fossil Energy (FE’s) Advanced Turbine Program Goals. In conjunction with NETL, Coatings for Industry (CFI), the University of Pittsburgh, NASA GRC, and Corrosion Control Inc., efforts have been focused on development of composite thermal barrier coating (TBC) architectures that consist of an extreme temperature coating, a commercially applied 7-8 YSZ TBC, a reduced cost bond coat, and a diffusion barrier coating that are applied to nickel-based superalloys or single crystal airfoil substrate materials for use at temperatures ≥1450°C (≥ 2640°F). Additionally, construction of a unique, high temperature (∼1100°C; ∼2010°F), bench-scale, micro-indentation, nondestructive (NDE) test facility at West Virginia University (WVU) was completed to experimentally address in-situ changes in TBC stiffness during extended cyclic oxidation exposure of coated single crystal coupons in air or steam-containing environments. The efforts and technical accomplishments in these areas are presented in the following sections of this paper.

scholarly journals Materials and Component Development for Advanced Turbine Systems

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Alvin
Keyword(s):  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Thermal Protection ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
West Virginia University ◽  
University Of Pittsburgh ◽  
Component Development ◽  
Turbine Airfoils ◽  
The University ◽  
Non Destructive

Future hydrogen-fired or oxy-fuel turbines will likely experience an enormous level of thermal and mechanical loading, as turbine inlet temperatures (TIT) approach 1425–1760°C with pressures of 300–625 psig, respectively. Maintaining the structural integrity of future turbine components under these extreme conditions will require durable thermal barrier coatings (TBCs), high temperature creep resistant metal substrates, and effective cooling techniques. While advances in substrate materials have been limited for the past decades, thermal protection of turbine airfoils in future hydrogen-fired and oxy-fuel turbines will rely primarily on collective advances in TBCs and aerothermal cooling. To support the advanced turbine technology development, the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) at the Office of Research and Development (ORD) has initiated a research project effort in collaboration with the University of Pittsburgh (UPitt), and West Virginia University (WVU), working in conjunction with commercial material and coating suppliers, to develop advanced materials, aerothermal configurations, as well as non-destructive evaluation techniques for use in advanced land-based gas turbine applications. This paper reviews technical accomplishments recently achieved in each of these areas.

Extreme Temperature Coatings for Future Gas Turbine Engines

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Alvin ◽  
B. Gleeson ◽  
K. Klotz ◽  
B. McMordie ◽  
B. Warnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Gas Turbine Engines ◽  
Cyclic Testing ◽  
Barrier Coating ◽  
Regional University ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
External Coating

The National Energy Technology Laboratory-Regional University Alliance (NETL-RUA) has been developing extreme temperature coating systems that consist of a diffusion barrier coating (DBC), a low-cost wet slurry bond coat, a commercial yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) thermal barrier coating (TBC), and an extreme temperature external coating that are deposited along the surface of nickel-based superalloys and single crystal metal substrates. Thermal cyclic testing of these multi-layer coatings was conducted in steam-containing environments at temperatures ranging between 1100–1550°C. This paper discusses the response of these materials during bench-scale testing, and their potential use in advanced H- and J-class land-based gas turbine engines.

scholarly journals Updates and Challenges in Refractive Lens Exchange

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Deepinder K Dhaliwal ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Surgery ◽  
Phakic Intraocular Lens ◽  
University Of Pittsburgh ◽  
Refractive Lens Exchange ◽  
School Of Medicine ◽  
Expert Interview ◽  
Refractive Lens ◽  
The University ◽  
High Hyperopia

Refractive lens exchange (RLE) is frequently used as a refractive surgical procedure for the correction of high presbyopia and high hyperopia, for which laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK), photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) or phakic intraocular lens (IOL) refractive surgery is unsuitable. In an expert interview, Deepinder K Dhaliwal, Professor of Ophthalmology at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Director of Cornea and Refractive Surgery at the UPMC Eye Center, and Associate Medical Director of the Charles T Campbell Ocular Microbiology Laboratory, discusses the challenges of refractive lens exchange and other aspects of refractive surgery.

Altitude Test Facility Humidity Control to Generate Defined Icing Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix M. Barth ◽  
Stephan Staudacher ◽  
Constanze Schiewe
Keyword(s):  
Optical Measurements ◽  
Nucleation Theory ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Classical Nucleation Theory ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Fundamental Part ◽  
Aerosol Particle Size ◽  
The University ◽  
Ingested Nanoparticles

Abstract In altitude test facility (ATF) operation, the requirements to control humidity to generate defined icing conditions are gaining more and more importance. In this context, the ability to predict humidity and condensation becomes a fundamental part of ATF control. For this purpose, classical nucleation theory has been applied in combination with in situ measurements to derive a model suitable to predict the onset of condensation during very low temperature ATF operation. The model parameters have been acquired inside the ATF of the University of Stuttgart downstream of its air coolers. This makes the application or assumption of generalized atmospheric aerosol data unnecessary. Polydisperse nano aerosol distributions were measured and statistically evaluated, showing that a constant distribution of nano aerosol particle size can be assumed. The composition of the ingested nanoparticles was analyzed and Arizona test dust was chosen as a valid substitute material for the application in the prediction model leading to a conservative prediction. The approach has been successfully verified using optical measurements during ATF testing. Its prediction accuracy fulfills the requirements of ATF control for a variety of icing conditions in component and engine altitude testing.

First analysis of an international pediatric melanoma and atypical melanocytic neoplasm database

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9013-9013
Author(s):  
B. J. Averbook ◽  
D. Jukic ◽  
J. S. Rao ◽  
A. Panneerselvam ◽  
K. Delman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Nodal Metastasis ◽  
International Database ◽  
Rank Tests ◽  
University Of Pittsburgh ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
The University

9013 Background: Pediatric melanoma (PM) care has been extrapolated from adult melanoma data. PM and atypical melanocytic neoplasms (AMNs) appear to have different biology. An international database (DB) was developed to clarify their behavior. Methods: IRB approval was obtained at 12 institutions. An SQL-DB was developed for web entry of de-identified demographic and pathologic data for PM and AMN patients (pts) < 21yr through an honest broker system at the University of Pittsburgh. Institutions retained a key of pts entered with assigned numbers for quality assurance and updates. Statistical analysis used Kaplan-Meier survival curves, univariate linear trends and log rank tests. In situ melanoma was excluded from PM survival analysis. Results: 828 pts were registered as of 31 Oct 2008 (ages 11mo-23; median 15yr). 34 pts 21–23yr entered were left in the DB for statistical comparison. Diagnosis years ranged from 1936–2008. 455 pts had complete follow-up. Too few AMN pts had complete follow-up for analysis (18/208). After excluding 32 in situ and 40 with other incomplete data, 365 PM out of 415 total PM were evaluable for OS and 351 for DFS (Stage IV removed). Mean/median age for evaluable PM pts was 16.44/17-yrs (range 1–21yr). 591 pts were age 10–20 while 203 were < 10. Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy showed spread in 30.1 % PM pts (compared to 50% [4/8] of AMN SLN pts). 10-yr PM OS was 80.6%, and pts 0–10 yr had 100% 10-yr OS compared to 69.6% for pts age 10–15 and 79.49% for age 15–20 (p= 0.1473). OS did not differ significantly by gender. Stage predicted OS (p<0.0001). 10-yr OS was 94.13% for Stage I (n=174), 79.62% for stage II (n=67) & 77.14% for stage III (n=75). Thickness affected 10-yr OS: 0–1mm=97% (n=147), 1.1–2mm 70% (n=84), 2.01–4mm 78% (n=71) & >4mm 81% (n=25), p= 0.0099. Survival was similar for pts with PM > 1mm of the several T stage groupings. Ulceration adversely affected OS (p=0.022). Mitosis, defined as present/absent did not alter survival. Nodal metastasis correlated with worse OS (p= 0.170). Conclusions: Stage, thickness, ulceration, and nodal status are significant predictors of OS for PM. Further study will focus on multivariable analysis of PM and AMNs after updating pts, increasing accrual, and cleaning data. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Extreme Temperature Coatings for Future Gas Turbine Engines

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Alvin ◽  
K. Klotz ◽  
B. McMordie ◽  
D. Zhu ◽  
B. Gleeson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Multilayer Coatings ◽  
Gas Turbine Engines ◽  
Barrier Coating ◽  
Regional University ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
External Coating

The National Energy Technology Laboratory-Regional University Alliance (NETL-RUA) has been developing extreme temperature coating systems that consist of a diffusion barrier coating (DBC), a low-cost wet slurry bond coat, a commercial yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) thermal barrier coating (TBC), and an extreme temperature external coating that are deposited along the surface of nickel-based superalloys and single crystal metal substrates. Thermal cyclic testing of these multilayer coatings was conducted in steam-containing environments at temperatures ranging between 1100 and 1550 °C. This paper discusses the response of these materials during bench-scale testing, and their potential use in advanced H- and J-class land-based gas turbine engines.

High Temperature Film Cooling Test Facility and Preliminary Test Results

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Straub ◽  
T. G. Sidwell ◽  
K. H. Casleton ◽  
M. A. Alvin ◽  
S. Chien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Film Cooling ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
University Of Pittsburgh ◽  
Hot Gas ◽  
The University

This paper describes a new high temperature test facility developed through a collaborative effort between the University of Pittsburgh and the Department of Energy’s National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL). The scope of this paper will include a description of this experimental test facility and a discussion of some test results collected from a flat plate (Haynes 230) using a single row of fan-shaped film cooling holes. This test specimen has been tested at two different pressures (i.e., 1.3 and 3 bar). The hot gas path flow velocity (i.e., 60 m/s) and the hot gas temperature (i.e., 1300 K) have been maintained as a constant for these tests. At each of these test conditions, five different film cooling blowing ratio conditions have been evaluated, including a condition with no film cooling. The overall cooling effectiveness and the reduction in heat flux for a point near the center of the test sample are reported and discussed.

Imaging, Manipulating, and Analyzing with Nanometer Precision: Application of the Nanoworkbench

2003 ◽  
Vol 803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Guise ◽  
Joachim Ahner ◽  
Jeremy Levy ◽  
John T. Yates
Keyword(s):  
Surface Science ◽  
Nanometer Scale ◽  
Science Center ◽  
University Of Pittsburgh ◽  
High Position ◽  
Position Accuracy ◽  
First Results ◽  
The University ◽  
Probe Measurements

ABSTRACTWe report the development of novel nanometer-scale manipulative and analytical devices for imaging, chemically analyzing and manipulating nanometer-scaled materials. Two different versions of the nanoworkbench are operating currently at the Surface Science Center of the University of Pittsburgh and at the Seagate Research Center in Pittsburgh. The instrument at Seagate consists of a modified commercially available high resolution scanning electron microscope (lateral resolution ∼1 nm at 10 kV) in combination with a set of four unique nano-manipulators, operating in the pressure range from 102 to 10−7 mbar. At the University of Pittsburgh a home-built UHV version of the nanoworkbench is in operation. In this UHV-instrument, several inter-connected UHV chambers allow in-situ deposition of thin-films and conventional surface analysis. The resolution of the SEM of the UHV system is limited to about 50 nm. We report the first results obtained by using both versions of the nanoworkbench, where we succeeded in writing patterns of ultra-small carbon-containing dots (8nm in diameter) with high position accuracy (<5nm) by electron-beam-induced deposition of carbon-containing background gases. Additionally, four-point probe measurements were performed on a SiGe system.

scholarly journals Gas Turbine Materials Evaluation Program Utilizing Coal Derived Gaseous Fuel

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Williams ◽  
G. B. Manning ◽  
C. C. Yates ◽  
R. R. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Coke Oven ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Gaseous Fuel ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Technology Program ◽  
Static Test ◽  
University Of Pittsburgh ◽  
Steel Corp ◽  
The University

A description of a test facility established by the University of Pittsburgh under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Energy for (he purpose of obtaining dynamic and static test data on the erosion-corrosion characteristics of candidate materials being considered in support of the Department of Energy’s High Temperature Turbine Technology Program. The goal of this program is to establish a gross relationship between the gas turbine materials and the coke oven gas fuel being furnished by the Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp. 24-7 gas turbine engines reconfigured to burn gaseous fuel. The engines have been furnished by the Department of Defense on a loan basis. The facility is currently operational with data being obtained on INCO-713 rotor material whichis the material currently used in the 24-7 engines. Other materials and coatings will be evaluated.

Structure of Palladium Single-Crystal Films Prepared by Flash Evaporation onto (001) NaCl Substrates

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 456-457
Author(s):  
L. E. Murr ◽  
G. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Ultra High Vacuum ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Flash Evaporation ◽  
Optimum Load ◽  
Single Crystal Films ◽  
Crystal Films ◽  
A Current

Palladium single-crystal films have been prepared by Matthews in ultra-high vacuum by evaporation onto (001) NaCl substrates cleaved in-situ, and maintained at ∼ 350° C. Murr has also produced large-grained and single-crystal Pd films by high-rate evaporation onto (001) NaCl air-cleaved substrates at 350°C. In the present work, very large (∼ 3cm2), continuous single-crystal films of Pd have been prepared by flash evaporation onto air-cleaved (001) NaCl substrates at temperatures at or below 250°C. Evaporation rates estimated to be ≧ 2000 Å/sec, were obtained by effectively short-circuiting 1 mil tungsten evaporation boats in a self-regulating system which maintained an optimum load current of approximately 90 amperes; corresponding to a current density through the boat of ∼ 4 × 104 amperes/cm2.

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