Performance Simulation of a Hybrid Micro Gas Turbine Fuel Cell System Based on Existing Components

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Bakalis ◽  
A. G. Stamatis
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Utilization Factor ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Using Data

The objective of this work is the development of a simulation model for a hybrid Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC)/Micro Gas Turbine (MGT) system, flexible and robust enough, capable to predict the system performance under various operating conditions. The hybrid system consists of a high temperature SOFC, based on a tubular configuration developed by Siemens Power Generation Inc, and a recuperated small gas turbine (GT) validated using data for the Capstone C30. The design and off-design performance of the system is examined by means of performance maps. Moreover, operating parameters such as fuel utilization factor, steam to carbon ratio and current density are varied over a wide range and the influence on system performance is studied. The optimum operating conditions are discussed with regard to overall system performance under part load operation. The results show that high electrical efficiencies can be achieved making these systems appropriate for distributed generation applications.

Impact of Different Volume Sizes on Dynamic Stability of a Gas Turbine Fuel Cell Hybrid System

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Abrassi ◽  
Alberto Traverso ◽  
David Tucker ◽  
Eric Liese
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Performance Pressure ◽  
Lumped Parameter ◽  
Turbine Shaft ◽  
And Performance

Abstract A dynamic model is developed for a Micro Gas Turbine (MGT), characterized by an intrinsic free-spool configuration, coupled to large volumes. This is inspired by an experimental facility at the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) called Hyper, which emulates a hybrid MGT and Fuel Cell system. The experiment and model can simulate stable and unstable operating conditions. The model is used to investigate the effects of different volumes on surge events, and to test possible strategies to safely avoid or recover from unstable compressor working conditions. The modelling approach started from the Greitzer lumped parameter approach, and it has been improved with integration of empirical methods and simulated components to better match the real Hyper plant layout and performance. Pressure, flow rate, and frequency plots are shown for the surge behavior comparing two different volume sizes, for cases where gas turbine shaft speed is uncontrolled (open loop) and controlled (closed loop). The ability to recover from a surge event is also demonstrated.

Exergy Analysis of a Hybrid Micro Gas Turbine Fuel Cell System Based on Existing Components

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Bakalis ◽  
A. G. Stamatis
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Exergy Analysis ◽  
Cell System ◽  
System Component ◽  
Utilization Factor ◽  
Fuel Cell Stack ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Partial Load ◽  
Set Up

A hybrid system based on an existing recuperated microturbine and a pre-commercially available high temperature tubular solid oxide fuel cell is modeled in order to study its performance. Individual models are developed for the microturbine and fuel cell generator and merged into a single one in order to set up the hybrid system. The model utilizes performance maps for the compressor and turbine components for the part load operation. The full and partial load exergetic performance is studied and the amounts of exergy destruction and efficiency of each hybrid system component are presented, in order to evaluate the irreversibilities and thermodynamic inefficiencies. Moreover, the effects of various performance parameters such as fuel cell stack temperature and fuel utilization factor are investigated. Based on the available results, suggestions are given in order to reduce the overall system irreversibility. Finally, the environmental impact of the hybrid system operation is evaluated.

Off-Design Performance Analysis of a Hybrid System Based on an Existing Molten Fuel Cell Stack

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 986-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Bedont ◽  
O. Grillo ◽  
A. F. Massardo
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Utilization Factor ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Fixed Design ◽  
Stack Model

This paper addresses the off-design analysis of a hybrid system (HS) based on the coupling of an existing Ansaldo Fuel Cells (formerly Ansaldo Ricerche) molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) stack (100 kW) and a micro gas turbine. The MCFC stack model at fixed design conditions has previously been presented by the authors. The present work refers to an off-design stack model, taking into account the influence of the reactor layout, current density, air and fuel utilization factor, CO2 recycle loop, cell operating temperature, etc. Finally, the design and off-design model of the whole hybrid system is presented. Efficiency at part load condition is presented and discussed, taking into account all the constraints for the stack and the micro gas turbine, with particular emphasis on CO2 recycle control.

Impact of Different Volume Sizes on Dynamic Stability of a Gas Turbine-Fuel Cell Hybrid System

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Abrassi ◽  
Alberto Traverso ◽  
David Tucker ◽  
Eric Liese
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Performance Pressure ◽  
Lumped Parameter ◽  
Turbine Shaft ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Parameter Approach

Abstract A dynamic model is developed for a microgas turbine (MGT), characterized by an intrinsic free-spool configuration, coupled to large volumes. This is inspired by an experimental facility at the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) called hybrid performance (Hyper), which emulates a hybrid MGT and Fuel Cell system. The experiment and model can simulate stable and unstable operating conditions. The model is used to investigate the effects of different volumes on surge events, and to test possible strategies to safely avoid or recover from unstable compressor working conditions. The modeling approach is started from the Greitzer lumped parameter approach, and it has been improved with integration of empirical methods and simulated components to better match the real Hyper plant layout and performance. Pressure, flowrate, and frequency plots are shown for the surge behavior comparing two different volume sizes, for cases where gas turbine shaft speed is uncontrolled (open loop) and controlled (closed-loop). The ability to recover from a surge event is also demonstrated.

scholarly journals Machine Learning Approach for Modeling and Control of a Commercial Heliocentris FC50 PEM Fuel Cell System

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (17) ◽  
pp. 2068
Author(s):  
Mohamed Derbeli ◽  
Cristian Napole ◽  
Oscar Barambones
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Fuel Cell System ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Predicted Model

In recent years, machine learning (ML) has received growing attention and it has been used in a wide range of applications. However, the ML application in renewable energies systems such as fuel cells is still limited. In this paper, a prognostic framework based on artificial neural network (ANN) is designed to predict the performance of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell system, aiming to investigate the effect of temperature and humidity on the stack characteristics and on tracking control improvements. A large part of the experimental database for various operating conditions has been used in the training operation to achieve an accurate model. Extensive tests with various ANN parameters such as number of neurons, number of hidden layers, selection of training dataset, etc., are performed to obtain the best fit in terms of prediction accuracy. The effect of temperature and humidity based on the predicted model are investigated and compared to the ones obtained from real-time experiments. The control design based on the predicted model is performed to keep the stack operating point at an adequate power stage with high-performance tracking. Experimental results have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed model for performance improvements of PEM fuel cell system.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of a Hybrid System Consisting of a Molten Carbonate Direct Carbon Fuel Cell and an Absorption Refrigerator

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Houcheng Zhang ◽  
Jiatang Wang ◽  
Jiapei Zhao ◽  
Fu Wang ◽  
He Miao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Current Density ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Direct Carbon Fuel Cell ◽  
Operating Current ◽  
Absorption Refrigerator

By integrating an Absorption Refrigerator (AR), a new hybrid system model is established to reuse the waste heat from a Molten Carbonate Direct Carbon Fuel Cell (MCDCFC) for additional cooling production. Various irreversible losses in each element of the system are numerically described. The operating current density span of the MCDCFC that allows the AR to work is derived. Under different operating conditions, the mathematical expressions for equivalently evaluating the hybrid system performance are derived. In comparison with the stand-alone MCDCFC, the maximum attainable power density of the proposed system and its corresponding efficiency are increased by 5.8% and 6.8%, respectively. The generic performance features and optimum operating regions of the proposed system are demonstrated. A number of sensitivity analyses are performed to study the dependences of the proposed system performance on some physical parameters and operating conditions such as operating temperature, operating current density, and pressure of the MCDCFC, cyclic working fluid internal irreversibility inside the AR, thermodynamic losses related parameters and the anode thickness of the MCDCFC. The obtained results may offer some new insights into the performance improvement of an MCDCFC through a reasonable heat management methodology.

scholarly journals Heat Transfer Effect on Micro Gas Turbine Performance for Solar Power Applications

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 6745
Author(s):  
Mahmoud A. Khader ◽  
Mohsen Ghavami ◽  
Jafar Al-Zaili ◽  
Abdulnaser I. Sayma
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Thermodynamic Cycle ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Turbine Performance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Cost

This paper presents an experimentally validated computational study of heat transfer within a compact recuperated Brayton cycle microturbine. Compact microturbine designs are necessary for certain applications, such as solar dish concentrated power systems, to ensure a robust rotodynamic behaviour over the wide operating envelope. This study aims at studying the heat transfer within a 6 kWe micro gas turbine to provide a better understanding of the effect of heat transfer on its components’ performance. This paper also investigates the effect of thermal losses on the gas turbine performance as a part of a solar dish micro gas turbine system and its implications on increasing the size and the cost of such system. Steady-state conjugate heat transfer analyses were performed at different speeds and expansion ratios to include a wide range of operating conditions. The analyses were extended to examine the effects of insulating the microturbine on its thermodynamic cycle efficiency and rated power output. The results show that insulating the microturbine reduces the thermal losses from the turbine side by approximately 11% without affecting the compressor’s performance. Nonetheless, the heat losses still impose a significant impact on the microturbine performance, where these losses lead to an efficiency drop of 7.1% and a net output power drop of 6.6% at the design point conditions.

Calculating the System Efficiency of the NETL Gas-Turbine/Fuel-Cell Hybrid System Using a Fully Coupled Lumped Parameter System Model

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
John VanOsdol ◽  
Dave Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
System Model ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
System Efficiency ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
System Models

Thermodynamic efficiency must be considered in the effective analysis of gas turbine fuel cell power generation system performance. In most numerical simulations of hybrid systems, the use of compressor maps and turbine maps are neglected. It is assumed that the design criterion generated by the system model can be met by the manufacturer of these items. These system models may use partial information from a compressor map, or a turbine map, but they fail to match all the operating conditions of both maps in a hybrid configuration. Also, to simplify the calculations that are performed by the complex hybrid system models, the effects of heat transfer and fluid dynamic drag are often decoupled. When system calculations are done in this way, the resulting calculations for system efficiency may suffer error. Hybrid system designers need a simple method to calculate the system performance directly from the maps of real compressors and real turbines that currently exist, and that would be part of a hybrid system. In this work, a simple procedure is illustrated where a coupled analysis of the various system components is performed and included as part of the system model. This analysis is done using the compressor and turbine maps of the hybrid performance project hardware at the U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL). Model parameters are tuned using experimental conditions and results are obtained. The results show the importance of aerodynamic coupling in system models, and how this coupling affects the system efficiency calculations. This coupling becomes important especially for the variable density flows that are typically found in combustors, heat exchangers and fuel cells.

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