New Locking Arrangement for Radial Entry Turbine Blades

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel L. Golinkin ◽  
Michael J. Lipski ◽  
John S. Loudon ◽  
Gennaro J. DiOrio ◽  
Timothy Ewer
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Us Navy ◽  
Effective Design ◽  
Efficiency And Reliability ◽  
Bottom Portion

Turbine blades with radial fasteners (T-shank, radial fir-tree, etc.) are commonly used in current steam turbomachinery, especially in power generation applications. However, this reliable and cost-effective design is limited by the strength of the axial pins which lock the closing part in the radial entry slot in the disc. In applications with high speed rotors or heavy blades, the centrifugal force of the blade exceeds the pin strength. In those applications, the airfoil portion of the closing blade is cut off leaving only the bottom portion which is located in the radial entry slot. Some original equipment manufactures (OEMs) also remove the airfoil of the blade 180 degrees opposite for better balancing. The absence of two airfoils is detrimental to efficiency and reliability of the entire row. Siemens Demag Delaval Turbomachinery, Inc. (SDDTI) developed a new locking arrangement which eliminates the above described shortcoming associated with standard radial entry blades. This paper presents the design of the new patented locking arrangement and mechanical stress calculations (FEA) of its major components. In order to verify the validity of the design and calculations, a full-scale row of modernized radial entry blades for an existing US Navy turbine with the new locking arrangement was tested. The testing was done over the full range of operating speeds in a vacuum bunker. The paper also describes the special test rotor, instrumentation used, and the test results which were compared with the stress calculations. The tests confirmed all the advantages of the new locking arrangement and showed acceptable correlation with the stress calculations. The patented design will expand applications for radial entry blades, modernize radial entry blades with missing blade airfoils, and provide a cost-effective method to repair localized cracks in the fastener area of the turbine discs.

scholarly journals Experimental and Numerical Investigation of a Method for Strengthening Cold-Formed Steel Profiles in Bending

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Taheri ◽  
Ahmad Firouzianhaji ◽  
Peyman Mehrabi ◽  
Bahador Vosough Hosseini ◽  
Bijan Samali
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Major Axis ◽  
Flexural Behavior ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Buckling Modes ◽  
Flexural Performance ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Bending Capacity ◽  
Cold Formed Steel ◽  
The Cost

Perforated cold-formed steel (CFS) beams subjected to different bending scenarios should be able to deal with different buckling modes. There is almost no simple way to address this significant concern. This paper investigates the bending capacity and flexural behavior of a novel-designed system using bolt and nut reinforcing system through both experimental and numerical approaches. For the experiential program, a total of eighteen specimens of three types were manufactured: a non-reinforced section, and two sections reinforced along the upright length at 200 mm and 300 mm pitches. Then, monotonic loading was applied to both the minor and major axes of the specimens. The finite element models were also generated and proved the accuracy of the test results. Using the proposed reinforcing system the flexural capacity of the upright sections was improved around either the major axis or minor axis. The 200 mm reinforcement type provided the best performance of the three types. The proposed reinforcing pattern enhanced flexural behavior and constrained irregular buckling and deformation. Thus, the proposed reinforcements can be a very useful and cost-effective method for strengthening all open CFS sections under flexural loading, considering the trade-off between flexural performance and the cost of using the method.

Special Issue on Gear Components and Actuators

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 333-333
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Kojima
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
Gear Teeth ◽  
Ac Motors ◽  
Generous Time ◽  
Deep Appreciation ◽  
Worm Gears ◽  
Effective Design

Components such as gears, bearings, and shafts are essential to effective automation, ensuring reliable, cost-effective design. Actuators such as DC, AC, and stepping motors are equally important to automation. Studies in mechatronics make equal use of both gears and actuators in the practical construction of automated equipment. This special issue on gears and actuators looks at studies on load bearing capacity in mechanical system design, including micropitting generation and high-speed finishing of hard gear teeth for garnering insights into mechanisms behind successful automation. It also monitors the study of trajectory planning and motion control of robots using ball screws, worm gears, stepping motors, and AC motors. Our deep appreciation goes to the authors for their informative and interesting papers and to the editors for their generous time and effort in making this special issue possible.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effect of Fly Ash and Slag on the Properties of Cement Asphalt Mortar

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri H. M. Le ◽  
Dae-Wook Park ◽  
Jin-Yong Park ◽  
Tam M. Phan
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hydration Product ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cement Asphalt Mortar ◽  
Asphalt Mortar ◽  
By Products

The application of cement asphalt mortar (CAM) in modern high-speed railways has been gaining attention due to its combined merits between asphalt and cement hydration product characteristics. To promote sustainable development, it is promising to utilize by-products in the making of new CAM instead of using only cement. In this research, the cement content was partly replaced by fly ash or ground-granulated blast furnace (GGBS) slag to achieve this objective. Then, laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the effect of these admixtures on the fresh and hardened characteristics of CAM. The test results revealed that the CAM mixture with slag received better fresh properties compared to the controlled mixture. However, the poor pozzolanic property of these by-product materials may lead to the low strength development. Meanwhile, although the mixture with fly ash suffered from slow strength establishment compared to the control mix at an early age, the strength of this condition increases dramatically after 28 days. Based on the findings, the application of appropriate fly ash content in the CAM mixture will not only provide ideal workable time and mixing stability but also ensure the required strength for the design target. This combination also serves as a cost-effective and environmental solution.

CAD Of Anticorrosive Protection Of Steel Structures

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-23
Keyword(s):  
Protective Coating ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Computational Tool ◽  
Protection Method ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Aided Design

The choice of cost-effective method of anticorrosive protection of steel structures is an urgent and time consuming task, considering the significant number of protection ways, differing from each other in the complex of technological, physical, chemical and economic characteristics. To reduce the complexity of solving this problem, the author proposes a computational tool that can be considered as a subsystem of computer-aided design and used at the stage of variant and detailed design of steel structures. As a criterion of the effectiveness of the anti-corrosion protection method, the cost of the protective coating during the service life is accepted. The analysis of existing methods of steel protection against corrosion is performed, the possibility of their use for the protection of the most common steel structures is established, as well as the estimated period of effective operation of the coating. The developed computational tool makes it possible to choose the best method of protection of steel structures against corrosion, taking into account the operating conditions of the protected structure and the possibility of using a protective coating.

The Radio Probe™: A New Measurement Tool for High Speed Integrated Circuits

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Kimball
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Attenuation Factor ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Frequency Measurement ◽  
Single Frequency ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Probe Design ◽  
Differential Measurement

Abstract This article presents a novel tool designed to allow circuit node measurements in a radio frequency (RF) integrated circuit. The discussion covers RF circuit problems; provides details on the Radio Probe design, which achieves an input impedance of 50Kohms and an overall attenuation factor of 0 dB; and describes signal to noise issues in the output signal, along with their improvement techniques. This cost-effective solution incorporates features that make it well suited to the task of differential measurement of circuit nodes within an RF IC. The Radio Probe concept offers a number of advantages compared to active probes. It is a single frequency measurement tool, so it complements, rather than replaces, active probes.

Monitoring effluent quality in hypertrophic wastewater reservoirs using remote sensing

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Dor ◽  
N. Ben-Yosef
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Optical Images ◽  
Routine Monitoring ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Wastewater Quality

About one hundred and fifty wastewater reservoirs store effluents for irrigation in Israel. Effluent qualities differ according to the inflowing wastewater quality, the degree of pretreatment and the operational parameters. Certain aspects of water quality like concentration of organic matter, suspended solids and chlorophyll are significantly correlated with the water column transparency and colour. Accordingly optical images of the reservoirs obtained from the SPOT satellite demonstrate pronounced differences correlated with the water quality. The analysis of satellite multispectral images is based on a theoretical model. The model calculates, using the radiation transfer equation, the volume reflectance of the water body. Satellite images of 99 reservoirs were analyzed in the chromacity space in order to classify them according to water quality. Principal Component Analysis backed by the theoretical model increases the method sensitivity. Further elaboration of this approach will lead to the establishment of a time and cost effective method for the routine monitoring of these hypertrophic wastewater reservoirs.

A Cost-Effective Method to Prepare Pure Vildagliptin

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Peng ◽  
Yue Feng ◽  
Zhu Tao ◽  
Yingjie Chen ◽  
Xiangnan Hu
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cost Effective Method

scholarly journals Computer-supported Detection of M-Components and Evaluation of Immunoglobulins after Capillary Electrophoresis

2001 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Jonsson ◽  
Joyce Carlson ◽  
Jan-Olof Jeppsson ◽  
Per Simonsson
Keyword(s):  
Capillary Electrophoresis ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Protein Separation ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Computerized Decision Support ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Mathematical Algorithms

Abstract Background: Electrophoresis of serum samples allows detection of monoclonal gammopathies indicative of multiple myeloma, Waldenström macroglobulinemia, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, and amyloidosis. Present methods of high-resolution agarose gel electrophoresis (HRAGE) and immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) are manual and labor-intensive. Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) allows rapid automated protein separation and produces digital absorbance data, appropriate as input for a computerized decision support system. Methods: Using the Beckman Paragon CZE 2000 instrument, we analyzed 711 routine clinical samples, including 95 monoclonal components (MCs) and 9 cases of Bence Jones myeloma, in both the CZE and HRAGE systems. Mathematical algorithms developed for the detection of monoclonal immunoglobulins (MCs) in the γ- and β-regions of the electropherogram were tested on the entire material. Additional algorithms evaluating oligoclonality and polyclonal concentrations of immunoglobulins were also tested. Results: CZE electropherograms corresponded well with HRAGE. Only one IgG MC of 1 g/L, visible on HRAGE, was not visible after CZE. Algorithms detected 94 of 95 MCs (98.9%) and 100% of those visible after CZE. Of 607 samples lacking an MC on HRAGE, only 3 were identified by the algorithms (specificity, 99%). Algorithms evaluating total gammaglobulinemia and oligoclonality also identified several cases of Bence Jones myeloma. Conclusions: The use of capillary electrophoresis provides a modern, rapid, and cost-effective method of analyzing serum proteins. The additional option of computerized decision support, which provides rapid and standardized interpretations, should increase the clinical availability and usefulness of protein analyses in the future.

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