Combining Imaging Modalities in the Modelling of Multi Parameter Devices

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Vinge Nygaard
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Complex Morphology ◽  
Geometrical Information

Modeling and simulation of medical devices are typically established in order to identify parameter dependencies within the system of interest. Most devices are multiphysics problems in the sense that coupling can occur between for instance flow, structure, and temperature. In many systems individual and dependent mechanisms are present bridging length scales from nanometer to millimeter. Typically, the geometries of interest are described by the complex morphology of the components in biological tissues. These factors all contribute to significant complexity of the numerical models being developed. Access to imaging modalities capable of providing the geometrical information of relevance to the problems is central in the establishment and verification of numerical analysis. This abstract present how we used image based models obtained from MRI and CT datasets to risk access patients prone to realizing stroke, and how a scaffold technology for tissue engineering is analyzed both in vitro and in vivo to access its drug delivery capability and biocompatibility.

Combining Imaging Modalities in the Modeling of Multiparameter Devices

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Vinge Nygaard
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Fluid Mechanics ◽  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Length Scales ◽  
Geometrical Information ◽  
Multiphysics Problems

Modeling and simulation of medical devices are typically established to identify parameter dependencies within the system of interest. Most devices are multiphysics problems considering solid and fluid mechanics, and electromagnetic mechanisms bridging time and length scales. Typically, the geometries of interest are described by complex morphologies of biological components. These factors all contribute to significant complexity of the developed numerical models. Access to imaging modalities capable of providing the geometrical information of relevance is central in the establishment and verification of numerical analysis. Here, data from image-based models obtained with MRI and μCT to risk access patients prone to realizing stroke, and to evaluate drug eluding scaffolds is presented.

scholarly journals Continuum Modeling and Simulation in Bone Tissue Engineering

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (18) ◽  
pp. 3674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose A. Sanz-Herrera ◽  
Esther Reina-Romo
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Research Perspective

Bone tissue engineering is currently a mature methodology from a research perspective. Moreover, modeling and simulation of involved processes and phenomena in BTE have been proved in a number of papers to be an excellent assessment tool in the stages of design and proof of concept through in-vivo or in-vitro experimentation. In this paper, a review of the most relevant contributions in modeling and simulation, in silico, in BTE applications is conducted. The most popular in silico simulations in BTE are classified into: (i) Mechanics modeling and scaffold design, (ii) transport and flow modeling, and (iii) modeling of physical phenomena. The paper is restricted to the review of the numerical implementation and simulation of continuum theories applied to different processes in BTE, such that molecular dynamics or discrete approaches are out of the scope of the paper. Two main conclusions are drawn at the end of the paper: First, the great potential and advantages that in silico simulation offers in BTE, and second, the need for interdisciplinary collaboration to further validate numerical models developed in BTE.

scholarly journals An Update on Graphene-Based Nanomaterials for Neural Growth and Central Nervous System Regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 13047
Author(s):  
Maria Grazia Tupone ◽  
Gloria Panella ◽  
Michele d’Angelo ◽  
Vanessa Castelli ◽  
Giulia Caioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Neural Connections ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Neural Growth

Thanks to their reduced size, great surface area, and capacity to interact with cells and tissues, nanomaterials present some attractive biological and chemical characteristics with potential uses in the field of biomedical applications. In this context, graphene and its chemical derivatives have been extensively used in many biomedical research areas from drug delivery to bioelectronics and tissue engineering. Graphene-based nanomaterials show excellent optical, mechanical, and biological properties. They can be used as a substrate in the field of tissue engineering due to their conductivity, allowing to study, and educate neural connections, and guide neural growth and differentiation; thus, graphene-based nanomaterials represent an emerging aspect in regenerative medicine. Moreover, there is now an urgent need to develop multifunctional and functionalized nanomaterials able to arrive at neuronal cells through the blood-brain barrier, to manage a specific drug delivery system. In this review, we will focus on the recent applications of graphene-based nanomaterials in vitro and in vivo, also combining graphene with other smart materials to achieve the best benefits in the fields of nervous tissue engineering and neural regenerative medicine. We will then highlight the potential use of these graphene-based materials to construct graphene 3D scaffolds able to stimulate neural growth and regeneration in vivo for clinical applications.

Recent advances in gold nanoparticle-based bioengineering applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (43) ◽  
pp. 8433-8444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Young Kim ◽  
Dinesh Kumar ◽  
Gilson Khang ◽  
Dong-Kwon Lim
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Gold Nanoparticle ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Recent Advances

The recently developed gold nanoparticle-based bioengineering technologies for biosensors,in vitroandin vivobioimaging, drug delivery systems for improved therapeutics and tissue engineering are discussed.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Review on the Applications of Exosomes and Liposomes in Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2529
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Shafiei ◽  
Mohamed Nainar Mohamed Ansari ◽  
Saiful Izwan Abd Razak ◽  
Muhammad Umar Aslam Khan
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Absorption Potential ◽  
Substantial Degree

Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine are generally concerned with reconstructing cells, tissues, or organs to restore typical biological characteristics. Liposomes are round vesicles with a hydrophilic center and bilayers of amphiphiles which are the most influential family of nanomedicine. Liposomes have extensive research, engineering, and medicine uses, particularly in a drug delivery system, genes, and vaccines for treatments. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles (EVs) that carry various biomolecular cargos such as miRNA, mRNA, DNA, and proteins. As exosomal cargo changes with adjustments in parent cells and position, research of exosomal cargo constituents provides a rare chance for sicknesses prognosis and care. Exosomes have a more substantial degree of bioactivity and immunogenicity than liposomes as they are distinctly chiefly formed by cells, which improves their steadiness in the bloodstream, and enhances their absorption potential and medicinal effectiveness in vitro and in vivo. In this review, the crucial challenges of exosome and liposome science and their functions in disease improvement and therapeutic applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine strategies are prominently highlighted.

Nanotechnology-based Drug Delivery, Metabolism and Toxicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 1167-1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooja Malaviya ◽  
Dhaval Shukal ◽  
Abhay R. Vasavada
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Clinical Safety ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Primary Focus

Background: Nanoparticles (NPs) are being used extensively owing to their increased surface area, targeted delivery and enhanced retention. NPs have the potential to be used in many disease conditions. Despite widespread use, their toxicity and clinical safety still remain a major concern. Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the metabolism and toxicological effects of nanotherapeutics. Methods: Comprehensive, time-bound literature search was done covering the period from 2010 till date. The primary focus was on the metabolism of NP including their adsorption, degradation, clearance, and bio-persistence. This review also focuses on updated investigations on NPs with respect to their toxic effects on various in vitro and in vivo experimental models. Results: Nanotechnology is a thriving field of biomedical research and an efficient drug delivery system. Further their applications are under investigation for diagnosis of disease and as medical devices. Conclusion: The toxicity of NPs is a major concern in the application of NPs as therapeutics. Studies addressing metabolism, side-effects and safety of NPs are desirable to gain maximum benefits of nanotherapeutics.

scholarly journals Metal-Organic Framework (MOF)-Based Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moldir Shyngys ◽  
Jia Ren ◽  
Xiaoqi Liang ◽  
Jiechen Miao ◽  
Anna Blocki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Metal Organic

The synthesis of Metal-organic Frameworks (MOFs) and their evaluation for various applications is one of the largest research areas within materials sciences and chemistry. Here, the use of MOFs in biomaterials and implants is summarized as narrative review addressing primarely the Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM) community. Focus is given on MOFs as bioactive component to aid tissue engineering and to augment clinically established or future therapies in regenerative medicine. A summary of synthesis methods suitable for TERM laboratories and key properties of MOFs relevant to biomaterials is provided. The use of MOFs is categorized according to their targeted organ (bone, cardio-vascular, skin and nervous tissue) and whether the MOFs are used as intrinsically bioactive material or as drug delivery vehicle. Further distinction between in vitro and in vivo studies provides a clear assessment of literature on the current progress of MOF based biomaterials. Although the present review is narrative in nature, systematic literature analysis has been performed, allowing a concise overview of this emerging research direction till the point of writing. While a number of excellent studies have been published, future studies will need to clearly highlight the safety and added value of MOFs compared to established materials for clinical TERM applications. The scope of the present review is clearly delimited from the general ‘biomedical application’ of MOFs that focuses mainly on drug delivery or diagnostic applications not involving aspects of tissue healing or better implant integration.

Decellularized bone extracellular matrix in skeletal tissue engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 755-764
Author(s):  
Benjamin B. Rothrauff ◽  
Rocky S. Tuan
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Regenerative Capacity ◽  
Skeletal Tissue ◽  
Large Bone

Bone possesses an intrinsic regenerative capacity, which can be compromised by aging, disease, trauma, and iatrogenesis (e.g. tumor resection, pharmacological). At present, autografts and allografts are the principal biological treatments available to replace large bone segments, but both entail several limitations that reduce wider use and consistent success. The use of decellularized extracellular matrices (ECM), often derived from xenogeneic sources, has been shown to favorably influence the immune response to injury and promote site-appropriate tissue regeneration. Decellularized bone ECM (dbECM), utilized in several forms — whole organ, particles, hydrogels — has shown promise in both in vitro and in vivo animal studies to promote osteogenic differentiation of stem/progenitor cells and enhance bone regeneration. However, dbECM has yet to be investigated in clinical studies, which are needed to determine the relative efficacy of this emerging biomaterial as compared with established treatments. This mini-review highlights the recent exploration of dbECM as a biomaterial for skeletal tissue engineering and considers modifications on its future use to more consistently promote bone regeneration.

In vitro- / in vivo- Untersuchungen zur Biokompatibilität und Bioresorption amorpher Kieselgelfaser für das Tissue engineering humaner Knorpelgewebe

2004 ◽  
Vol 83 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Haisch ◽  
A Evers ◽  
K Jöhrens-Leder ◽  
S Jovanovic ◽  
B Sedlmaier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering
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