Development of Miniature Gripper Using Buckling Phenomenon of Long Column

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Muramatsu
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Discharge Machine ◽  
Cam Mechanism ◽  
Translational Displacement ◽  
Discharge Machine ◽  
Steel Balls ◽  
Gripping Force ◽  
Opening And Closing ◽  
Made In ◽  
Closing Mechanism ◽  
The Way

This paper developed the element technologies for commercialization of the miniature gripper which was considered in the previous paper. There, making use of buckling phenomenon of a long column was tried for the opening and closing mechanism of the miniature gripper. As a result, it was verified which was useful as the opening and closing mechanism of the fingers because it does not need a special mechanism for displacement enlargement, so unique, original and simple. The results obtained are as follows. (1) In the manufacturing of a multi-finger hand, the way for a blank cut from the elastic plate by wire-cut electrical discharge machine to be bent like a telescopic umbrella folded was devised. According to the way, not only will the finger with uneven division or variant be manufactured, but also could further miniaturization be made in similarity. (2) As for the adjustment technique of the gripping force, a positioning nut enabled translational displacement of a screw axis nut to be mechanically set. Consequently, the gripping force changes corresponding to the closing amount of the finger with 0 to maximum (solid contact). (3) In the application of this opening and closing mechanism, a pair of electric tweezers, which finger is automatically opened and closed approximately 5mm by one way rotation drive of a motor, was prototyped. Reciprocating translational displacement h0 of the hand center was realized by simple spherical cam mechanism comprising two small steel balls only with eccentricity each other which are in contact. Radii rc and rf of the steel balls of the prototype are 0.5mm, maximum lift h0 0.3mm and eccentricity 0.357mm.

Gripping Efficiency of Gripping Mechanism Using Buckling Phenomenon of Long Column

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Muramatsu ◽  
H. Ando ◽  
M. Takaki ◽  
H. Matsumoto ◽  
Y. Kubouchi
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
Tensile Force ◽  
Piezoelectric Element ◽  
Output Displacement ◽  
Strip Shape ◽  
Translational Displacement ◽  
Gripping Force ◽  
Opening And Closing ◽  
Finger Tip ◽  
Closing Mechanism

In the development of miniature opening and closing mechanism, piezoelectric element has been used as its actuator. This mechanism, however, tends to become larger and complicated as it needs a mechanism for displacement enlargement because of the infinitesimal output displacement. Therefore, an attempt applying buckling phenomenon of long column to the opening and closing mechanism of finger has been made. An elastic member with a long strip shape was bent in the shape of M character, both ends fixed and reciprocating translational drive was imparted to the V-shaped common portion at the center. As a result, a simple miniature gripper with large rate of bending displacement at the finger tip to a translational displacement at the center, namely the enlargement rate of the displacement, has been developed. In this study, in addition to the element technology development for product, such improvements as increasing of the rate of gripping force to driving tensile force on the finger, that is, gripping efficiency were aimed. The results obtained are as follows. (1) Hinge joints on supporting portions at both ends or the mid common portion of the fingers decrease the driving tensile force beginning to grip. They, however, little contribute to the improvement of the gripping efficiency. (2) Crossing an operating member at the center in the shape of × character so as to enlarge an angle of the operating members to the finger increases the gripping efficiency. The enlargement rate of the displacement, however, decreases, so that the angle should be decided based on the object. (3) Free support of an intermediate portion on a lateral surface of the finger allows the change of the gripping efficiency. When bending deformation outside at the center in length of the finger is restrained, the gripping efficiency increases by about 2 times.

The Mistaken Identification of “The West” with “Modernity”

1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
John Obert Voll
Keyword(s):  
World History ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The West ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Historical Perspectives ◽  
Important Impact ◽  
Mistaken Identification ◽  
Nature Ofthe ◽  
Made In ◽  
The Way

The relationships between Islam and the West are complex. Even theperceptions of those relations have an important impact on the nature ofthe interactions. If the basic images that are used in discussing “Islam andthe West” are themselves ill-defiied or viewed in inconsistent ways, therelationships themselves are affected in sometimes dangerous ways.Inconsistent and contradictory terms of analysis can lead to misunderstandingand conflict.One of the most frequent conceptual mistakes made in discussingIslam and the West in the modem era is the identification of “the West”with “modemity.” This mistake has a significant impact on the way peeple view the processes of modernization in the Islamic world as well as onthe way people interpret the relationships between Islam and the West inthe contemporary era.The basic generalizations resulting from the following analysis can bestated simply: 1) “modernity“ is not uniquely “western”; 2) “the West” isnot simply “modernity”; and 3) the identifixation of “the West” with“modemity” has important negative consequences for understanding therelationships between Islam and the West. Modernity and the West aretwo different concepts and historic entities. To use the terms interchangeablyis to invite unnecessary confusion and create possible conflict’andinconsistency. This article will address the problem of definition and theapplication of the defined terms to interpreting actual experiences andrelationships.Understanding the difficulties raised by the identification of theWest with modernity involves a broader analysis within the frameworkof world history and global historical perspectives. In such an analysis, ...

‘To wise for a woman’

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Clark
Keyword(s):  
Marital Problems ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Family ◽  
Made In ◽  
The Way

While there were clear strategic aims in the way that marriages were made in the Howard dynasty during this period, the family was only unusual in that it operated at the very top of the aristocratic hierarchy and was therefore able to use marital alliances to successfully recover and bolster both status and finances. Where they were different, however, was in the experience of some of these women within marriage. By and large, the marriages made by and for members of the family, including women, seem to have been as successful as others of their class. However, three women close to the core of the dynasty experienced severe marital problems, even ‘failed’ marriages, almost simultaneously during the 1520s and 1530s. The records generated by these episodes tell us about the way in which the family operated as a whole, and the agency of women in this context, and this chapter therefore reconstructs these disputes for this purpose.

Life as Heroic Effort: Merab Mamardashvili’s Psychological Topology of the Way

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 74-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry Leontiev
Keyword(s):  
Lecture Courses ◽  
Made In ◽  
The Way

The object of the reflections proposed in this paper is Merab Mamardashvili’s system of thought explicated in two books: Lectures on Proust (1995) and Psychological topology of the way (1997). Both books are transcripts of lecture courses read in 1982 and 1984/85. They are devoted to the same subject and have multiple overlaps; however, they are textually quite different. The second text presents a somewhat later version of Mamardashvili’s attempts to treat the same issues in a more elaborate form. Mamardashvili’s ideas, especially ideas and views of the last decade of his life, are extremely difficult to summarize. To extract definitions from his texts is equally impossible. Nevertheless, such an attempt is made in this paper.

Evaluation software for effects produced by MOOC in mediums with different linguistically levels

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 633-645
Author(s):  
Cornel Samoilă ◽  
Doru Ursuţiu ◽  
Vlad Jinga
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Strong Negation ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Made In ◽  
The Way

Abstract MOOC appearance has produced, in a first phase, more discussions than contributions. Despite pessimistic opinions or those catastrophic foreseeing the end of the classic education by accepting MOOC, the authors consider that, as it is happening in all situations when a field is reformed, instead of criticism or catastrophic predictions, an assessment should be simply made. MOOC will not be better or worse if it is discussed and dissected but can be tested in action, perfected by results, or abandoned if it has no prospects. Without testing, no decision is valid. A similarity between the MOOC appearance and the appearance of the idea of flying machines heavier than air can be made. In the flight case, the first reaction was a strong negation (including at Academies level) and only performing the first independent flight with an apparatus heavier than air has shifted orientation from denial to contributions. So, practical tests clarified the battle between ideas. The authors of this article encourage the idea of testing–assessment and, therefore, imagined and proposed one software for quickly assess whether MOOC produces changes in knowledge, by simply transferring courses from ‘face-to-face’ environment into the virtual one. Among the methods of statistical analysis for student behavioral changes was chosen the Keppel method. It underpins the assessment method of this work being approached using both the version with one variable and also with three variables. It is intended that this attempts to pave the way for other series of rapid assessment regarding MOOC effects (using other statistical methods). We believe, that this is the only approach that can lead either to improve the system or to renunciation.

Anthropocentrism without a centre?

1997 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Being And Time ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Unusual Structure ◽  
Western Philosophical Tradition ◽  
History Of ◽  
Unique Relationship ◽  
Made In ◽  
Number Of Authors ◽  
The Way

I am grateful to Håkan Karlsson for his thoughtful commentary on some of the issues concerning Heidegger and archaeology which were raised in a previous issue of this journal, and find myself fascinated by his project of a ‘contemplative archaeology’. However, one or two points of clarification could be made in relation to Karlsson's contribution. Firstly, as a number of authors have pointed out (e.g. Anderson 1966, 20; Olafson 1993), the gulf between Heidegger's early work and that which followed the Kehre may have been more apparent than real. While his focus may have shifted from the Being of one particular kind of being (Dasein) to a history of Being (Dreyfus 1992), the continuities in his thought are more striking. Throughout his career, Heidegger was concerned with the category of Being, and the way in which it had been passed over by the western philosophical tradition. It is important to note that in Being and time the analysis of Dasein essentially serves as an heuristic: the intention is to move from an understanding of the Being of one kind of being to that of Being in general. What complicates the issue is the very unusual structure of this specific kind of being, for Heidegger did not choose to begin his analysis with the Being of shoes or stones, but with a kind of creature which has a unique relationship with all other worldly entities. ‘Dasein’ serves as a kind of code for ‘human being’ which enables Heidegger to talk about the way in which human beings exist on earth, rather than becoming entangled in biological or psychological definitions of humanity. In this formulations, what is distinctive about human beings is that their own existence is an issue for them; Dasein cares, and this caring is fundamentally temporal.

The Second International Meeting on Radio Aids to Marine Navigation New York and New London

1948 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
R. B. Michell
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
International Meeting ◽  
Radio Navigation ◽  
Marine Transport ◽  
Marine Navigation ◽  
New London ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Made In ◽  
The Way ◽  
Second International

At the first International Meeting on Radio-Aids to Marine Navigation held in London in May 1946 some 105 delegates of twenty-three maritime nations met to discuss and witness demonstrations of some of the remarkable advances made in radio-navigation during the war and to consider the progress made in relation to their peacetime uses for marine transport.At the invitation of the U.S. government a second meeting was held a year later, in New York and New London, to show the progress made in America, to illustrate, with demonstrations, the U.S. policy and to pave the way to international standardisation. The U.K. delegation was led by Sir Robert Watson-Watt.

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