Economic Analysis of Solar PV and Batteries for Common Residential Electricity Rate Structures Using Green Button Data

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mithun Mohan Nagabhairava ◽  
Yin Ma ◽  
Kelly Kissock
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Flat Rate ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Residential Electricity ◽  
Average Annual Cost ◽  
Utility Rate

Rising electricity prices, falling photovoltaic (PV) system costs and the availability of net metering are encouraging consumers to consider PV systems. However, the variety and complexity of utility rate structures can be a formidable barrier to consumers in making economically informed decisions. This paper describes a methodology to integrate Green Button energy use data from electric utilities, with solar and temperature data to analyze the economics of PV systems, with and without battery storage, under different rate structures. Case study results indicate that the economics of PV systems are nearly identical under PG&E’s time-of-use and inverted-block rate structures, and are more favorable than under flat rate structures with the same average annual cost per kWh. However, simple paybacks remain well short of the typical life of PV systems. The simple payback for the addition of batteries is initially competitive with PV systems, but rises rapidly as battery size is increased.

Techno-economic assessment of grid-connected photovoltaic systems in Swedish public buildings

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-79
Author(s):  
Zahabia Gandhi ◽  
Hao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Public Buildings ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Usage Rate ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Solar Pv System ◽  
Ground Coverage

Sweden aims to achieve near-zero non-renewable energy use in all the newly constructed buildings from 2020. One of the most promising methods of achieving these energy goals and reducing the net energy-use is using solar photovoltaic (PV) systems in buildings. Although some studies have demonstrated this method, the solar PV industry is growing rapidly. Therefore, the study aimed at using sources with the latest information to analyse the true potential of PV systems for the current initial cost of the PV system and tax benefits in Sweden. The study investigates the economic feasibility of a grid-connected solar PV system from a technical and economic perspective for a group of public buildings in Sweden. The hourly energy production and cost of purchasing deficit electricity was simulated for various tilts and ground coverage area to find the optimum tilt and ground coverage ratio of PV panels. The PV energy supply of four different systems – 26 kWp, 75 kWp, 80 kWp, 155 kWp – in different locations was simulated. The overproduction, own usage rate, solar fraction, investment cost, profit over its lifespan and the payback period of each system were compared for the existing as well as improved energy use. Honeybee 0.0.64 and SAM 2018.11.11 was used to simulate energy use and PV production. Results indicate that a system with a high own usage rate and specific yield was profitable when the selling price of electricity (excluding tax refund) was lower. However, a system with a higher production potential became more profitable when the selling price of electricity (including tax refund) was equal or higher than the purchasing price. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of the system if the price of electricity or interest rates changed in the future. The outcome of this research demonstrates the techno-economic feasibility of implementing a solar PV system in Sweden and provides a set of benchmarks for comparison of such systems around the world.

scholarly journals Enhancing PV Hosting Capacity Using Voltage Control and Employing Dynamic Line Rating

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Eshan Karunarathne ◽  
Akila Wijethunge ◽  
Janaka Ekanayake
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Power ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Voltage Control ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Control Schemes ◽  
Technological Constraints

Photovoltaic (PV) system installation has encouraged to be further expedited to minimize climate change and thus, rooftop solar PV systems have been sparkled in every corner of the world. However, due to technological constraints linked to voltage and currents, the PV hosting capacity has been substantially constrained. Therefore, this paper proposes a competent approach to maximize PV hosting capacity in a low voltage distribution network based on voltage control and dynamic line rating of the cables. Coordinated voltage control is applied with an on-load tap changing transformer, and reactive power compensation and active power curtailment of PV inverters. A case study with probabilistic and deterministic assessments is carried out on a real Sri Lankan network to show how the PV hosting capacity is constrained. The findings revealed the capability of integrated voltage control schemes and dynamic line rating in maximizing hosting capacity. The study is expanded by incorporating the PV rephasing approach in conjunction with the aforementioned control techniques, and the effectiveness of PV-rephasing is clearly demonstrated. When compared to voltage control and conductor static rating, the combined rephasing, voltage control, and DLR yielded a 60% increase in PV hosting capacity.

scholarly journals Reconfigurable Distributed Power Electronics Technique for Solar PV Systems

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1121
Author(s):  
Kamran Ali Khan Niazi ◽  
Yongheng Yang ◽  
Tamas Kerekes ◽  
Dezso Sera
Keyword(s):  
Energy Yield ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Charge Redistribution ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
In Series ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Power Balancing

A reconfiguration technique using a switched-capacitor (SC)-based voltage equalizer differential power processing (DPP) concept is proposed in this paper for photovoltaic (PV) systems at a cell/subpanel/panel-level. The proposed active diffusion charge redistribution (ADCR) architecture increases the energy yield during mismatch and adds a voltage boosting capability to the PV system under no mismatch by connected the available PV cells/panels in series. The technique performs a reconfiguration by measuring the PV cell/panel voltages and their irradiances. The power balancing is achieved by charge redistribution through SC under mismatch conditions, e.g., partial shading. Moreover, PV cells/panels remain in series under no mismatch. Overall, this paper analyzes, simulates, and evaluates the effectiveness of the proposed DPP architecture through a simulation-based model prepared in PSIM. Additionally, the effectiveness is also demonstrated by comparing it with existing conventional DPP and traditional bypass diode architecture.

scholarly journals Influence of Artificial and Natural Cooling on Performance Parameters of a Solar PV System: A Case Study

IEEE Access ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 29449-29457
Author(s):  
Subhash Chandra ◽  
Arvind Yadav ◽  
Mohd Abdul Rahim Khan ◽  
Mukesh Pushkarna ◽  
Mohit Bajaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
System A ◽  
Solar Pv System

scholarly journals UNDERSTANDING THE EMBEDDED CARBON CHALLENGES OF BUILDING SERVICE SYSTEMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 3279-3288
Author(s):  
Maria Hein ◽  
Darren Anthony Jones ◽  
Claudia Margot Eckert
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Current System ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Service Systems ◽  
Carbon Footprints ◽  
Embodied Carbon ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Operational Energy

AbstractEnergy consumed in buildings is a main contributor to CO2 emissions, there is therefore a need to improve the energy performance of buildings, particularly commercial buildings whereby building service systems are often substantially over-designed due to the application of excess margins during the design process.The cooling system of an NHS Hospital was studied and modelled in order to identify if the system was overdesigned, and to quantify the oversizing impact on the system operational and embodied carbon footprints. Looking at the operational energy use and environmental performance of the current system as well as an alternative optimised system through appropriate modelling and calculation, the case study results indicate significant environmental impacts are caused by the oversizing of cooling system.The study also established that it is currently more difficult to obtain an estimate of the embodied carbon footprint of building service systems. It is therefore the responsibility of the machine builders to provide information and data relating to the embodied carbon of their products, which in the longer term, this is likely to become a standard industry requirement.

Grid Parity of Residential Building Rooftop Solar PV in India

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-40
Author(s):  
Rakesh Dalal ◽  
Kamal Bansal ◽  
Sapan Thapar
Keyword(s):  
Residential Building ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Grid Parity ◽  
Solar Pv System ◽  
Utility Grid ◽  
Rooftop Solar

Rooftop solar photovoltaic(PV) installation in India have increased in last decade because of the flat 40 percent subsidy extended for rooftop solar PV systems (3 kWp and below) by the Indian government under the solar rooftop scheme. From the residential building owner's perspective, solar PV is competitive when it can produce electricity at a cost less than or equal grid electricity price, a condition referred as “grid parity”. For assessing grid parity of 3 kWp and 2 kWp residential solar PV system, 15 states capital and 19 major cities were considered  for the RET screen simulation by using solar isolation, utility grid tariff, system cost and other economic parameters. 3 kWp and 2 kWp rooftop solar PV with and without subsidy scenarios were considered for simulation using RETscreen software. We estimate that without subsidy no state could achieve grid parity for 2kWp rooftop solar PV plant. However with 3 kWp rooftop solar PV plant only 5 states could achieve grid parity without subsidy and with government subsidy number of states increased to 7, yet wide spread parity for residential rooftop solar PV is still not achieved. We find that high installation costs, subsidized utility grid supply to low energy consumer and financing rates are major barriers to grid parity.

scholarly journals Performance Assessment of Installed Solar PV System: A Case Study of Oke-Agunla in Nigeria

Engineering ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 04 (08) ◽  
pp. 453-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olawale Saheed Ismail ◽  
Olusegun Olufemi Ajide ◽  
Fredrick Akingbesote
Keyword(s):  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
System A ◽  
Solar Pv System
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