Analysis of Dairy Manure and Food Manufacturing Waste as Feedstocks for Sustainable Energy Production via Anaerobic Digestion

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Rankin ◽  
T. A. Trabold ◽  
A. A. Williamson ◽  
M. Augustine
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
New York State ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Anaerobic Digester ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Food Manufacturing

Anaerobic digestion is a waste-to-energy conversion process that offers potential economic and environmental benefits of organic waste diversion and renewable energy generation. However, these systems are often not feasible for small-to-medium size food processors, due to the significant capital investment involved. The key objective of this study is to identify the volume and composition of dairy manure and liquid-phase food manufacturing waste streams available in New York State (NYS) to make co-digestion of multiple feedstocks in centralized anaerobic digester facilities an economically attractive alternative. Organic waste volume and property data were obtained via Freedom of Information Law (FOIL) requests at the county and municipal levels for each of the 62 counties in NYS. Spatial analyses of dairy confined animal feeding operations (CAFO) locations relative to food manufacturing facility locations were analyzed using Microsoft MapPoint imaging software, which identified concentrations of high strength liquid-phase waste in the upstate corridor extending between Buffalo and Albany. The results show that if anaerobically digested, dairy CAFO manure and food manufacturing waste can contribute significantly to the State’s renewable energy portfolio. A laboratory scale two-phase anaerobic digester (bioDrillTS-AD200©) can help establish the correlation between waste properties (e.g. total solids, etc.) and quantity and quality of biogas produced.

scholarly journals Prospects of Bioenergy Production From Organic Waste Using Anaerobic Digestion Technology: A Mini Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Uddin ◽  
Sk. Yasir Arafat Siddiki ◽  
M. Mofijur ◽  
F. Djavanroodi ◽  
M. A. Hazrat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Economic Resilience ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Government ◽  
Uncertain Future

Anaerobic digestion (AD) from organic waste has gained worldwide attention because it offers significant environmental and economic benefits. It can reduce the local waste through recycling which will conserve resources, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and build economic resilience in the face of an uncertain future for energy production and waste disposal. The productive use of local waste through recycling conserves resources by reducing landfill space, the whole of life impacts of landfilling, and post-closure maintenance of landfills. Turning waste into a renewable energy source will assist the decarbonisation of the economy by reducing harmful emissions and pollutants. Therefore, this mini-review aims to summarise key factors and present valuable evidence for an efficient AD process. It also presents the pros and cons of different AD process to convert organic waste along with the reactor technologies. Besides, this paper highlights the challenges and the future perspective of the AD process. However, it is highlighted that for an effective and efficient AD process, appropriate temperature, pH, a strong inoculum to substrate ratio, good mixing and small particle sizes are important factors. The selection of suitable AD process and reactor is important because not all types of processes and reactors are not effective for processing organic waste. This study is of great importance for ongoing work on renewable energy generation from waste and provides important knowledge of innovative waste processing. Finally, it is recommended that the government should increase their support towards the AD technology and consider the unutilized significant potential of gaseous biofuel production.

scholarly journals Response Surface Methodology to Optimize Methane Production from Mesophilic Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Oily-Biological Sludge and Sugarcane Bagasse

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 2116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiban Abdulhakim Saeed Ghaleb ◽  
Shamsul Rahman Mohamed Kutty ◽  
Yeek-Chia Ho ◽  
Ahmad Hussaini Jagaba ◽  
Azmatullah Noor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
Biological Sludge ◽  
Methane Bacteria

Oily-biological sludge (OBS) generated from petroleum refineries has high toxicity. Therefore, it needs an appropriate disposal method to reduce the negative impacts on the environment. The anaerobic co-digestion process is an effective method that manages and converts organic waste to energy. For effective anaerobic digestion, a co-substrate would be required to provide a suitable environment for anaerobic bacteria. In oily-biological sludge, the carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio and volatile solids (VS) content are very low. Therefore, it needs to be digested with organic waste that has a high C/N ratio and high VS content. This study investigates the use of sugarcane bagasse (SB) as an effective co-substrate due to its high C/N ratio and high VS content to improve the anaerobic co-digestion process with oily-biological sludge. The sugarcane bagasse also helps to delay the toxicity effect of the methane bacteria. Batch anaerobic co-digestion of oily-biological sludge was conducted with sugarcane bagasse as a co-substrate in twelve reactors with two-liter capacity, each under mesophilic conditions. The interaction effect of a C/N ratio of 20-30 and a VS co-substrate/VS inoculum ratio of 0.06-0.18 on the methane yield (mL CH4/g VSremoved) was investigated. Before the anaerobic digestion, thermochemical pre-treatment of the inoculum and co-substrate was conducted using sodium hydroxide to balance their acidic nature and provide a suitable pH environment for methane bacteria. Design and optimization for the mixing ratios were carried out by central composite design-response surface methodology (CCD-RSM). The highest predicted methane yield was found to be 63.52 mL CH4/g VSremoved, under optimum conditions (C/N ratio of 30 and co-substrate/inoculum ratio of 0.18).

The adaptation of waste-to-energy technologies: towards the conversion of municipal solid waste into a renewable energy resource

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-446
Author(s):  
Obadia Kyetuza Bishoge ◽  
Xinmei Huang ◽  
Lingling Zhang ◽  
Hongzhi Ma ◽  
Charity Danyo
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Renewable Energy Resource ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Energy Technologies

Currently, there are an estimated 1.3 billion tonnes of municipal solid waste (MSW) generated per year globally, and this quantity is predicted to increase to 2.2 billion tonnes annually by 2025. If not well treated, this rapid growth of waste products can lead to socio-economic and environmental problems. Waste is potentially a misplaced valuable resource that can be converted and utilized in different ways such as renewable energy resources for the realization of sustainable development. Presently, waste-to-energy technologies (WtETs) are considered to be an encouraging advanced technology that is applied to convert MSW into a renewable energy resource (methane, biogas, biofuels or biodiesel, ethanol, syngas, or alcohol). WtETs can be biochemical (fermentation, anaerobic digestion, landfill with gas capture, and microbial fuel cell), thermochemical (incineration, thermal gasification, and pyrolysis), or chemical (esterification). This review mainly aims to provide an overview of the applications of these technologies by focusing on anaerobic digestion as biological (nonthermal) treatment technologies, and incineration, pyrolysis, and gasification processes as thermal treatment processes. Landfill gas utilization technologies, biological hydrogen production processes, and microbial fuel cells also are assessed. In addition, the contemporary risks and challenges of WtETs are reviewed.

scholarly journals Sustainability Impact Assessment of Waste to Energy Technologies in Iran

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahimeh Teimouri ◽  
Fahimeh Teimouri ◽  
Ali Asghar Ebrahimi ◽  
Mahrokh Jalili ◽  
Hamid Reza Alaghehbandan
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Environmental Effect ◽  
Urban Pollution ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Gas Recovery

Introduction: Current energy sources are coming to end and one of the main priorities of the country’s management is the energy recovery from renewable energy. Considerable quantity of municipal solid waste (MSW) is one of the most serious urban pollution sources. Impact assessment matrix is a new and fast tool for Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). Materials and Methods: In this regard, renewable energy like waste-to-energy was investigated. Environmental assessment method was performed to evaluate the environmental impacts of common Waste to Energy (WTE) technologies by Wooten and Rau matrix. Most available WTE technologies (anaerobic digestion, sanitary landfill with gas recovery, waste incineration, and gasification) were environmentally assessed and compared. Results: Results showed that anaerobic digestion could be most environmental friendly WTE technology for production of renewable energy from organic waste and could be considered. Furthermore, executives as green minded managements can improve the quality of waste management by finding new solutions. Other technologies such as landfill by gas recovery and gasification will be ranked second and third in terms of environmental effect. Conclusion: Results showed that performing anaerobic digestion technology will produce less environmental impact in long term. Then landfilling by gas recovery and gasification technologies will be ranked second and third in terms of environmental effect.

scholarly journals Anaerobic Digestion and Codigestion of Chlorella Vulgaris Microalgae Biomass with Wastewater Sludge and Dairy Manure for Biogas Production

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad H. Ammar ◽  
Sadiq Riyadh Khodhair
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Wastewater Sludge ◽  
Microalgae Biomass ◽  
Anaerobic Codigestion

Abstract   Anaerobic digestion process of organic materials is biochemical decomposition process done by two types of digestion bacteria in the absence of oxygen resulting in the biogas production, which is produced as a waste product of digestion. The first type of bacteria is known as acidogenic which converts organic waste to fatty acids. The second type of bacteria is called methane creators or methanogenic which transforms the fatty acids to biogas (CH4 and CO2). The considerable amounts of biodegradable constitutes such as carbohydrates, lipids and proteins present in the microalgae biomass make it a suitable substrate for the anaerobic digestion or even co-digested with other organic wastes. The present work investigated methane biogas production by anaerobic codigestion of microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris biomass with organic waste from several sources such as wastewater sludge and dairy manure waste in different proportions as an additional carbon supply to enhance anaerobic digestion and therefore biogas production. Six bottles, employed as batch biodigesters each of 1 liter capacity, were used for that purpose at moderate conditions (35±2 oC). The produced biogas volume was monitored daily along 35 days and the results showed that the daily and cumulative biogas production was increased 4.5 times and 3 times for the bottles with 66.67% microalgae compared with the bottles with wastewater sludge or dairy manure waste only, respectively.  Keywords: Anaerobic codigestion, biogas; dairy manure, microalgae Chlorella Vulgaris, wastewater sludge.

Performance and Economic Results for Two Full-scale Biotrickling Filters to Remove H2S from Dairy Manure-derived Biogas

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy James Shelford ◽  
Curt A Gooch ◽  
Stephanie A Lansing
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Corrosion Damage ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Maintenance Costs ◽  
Biotrickling Filters ◽  
Operational Costs ◽  
Key Phrases ◽  
Generator Sets

Abstract. Anaerobic digestion (AD) of dairy manure produces renewable energy in the form of biogas. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is formed in the produced biogas in variable quantities (up to 8,000 ppmv). H2S can cause corrosion damage to biogas-fueled engine-generator sets (EGSs), resulting in high operating temperatures, high maintenance costs, and/or lost revenues for farmers. Biotrickling filters are a common technology for H2S removal, however, there is a need for information about the performance, capital, and operational costs associated with biotrickling filters to better inform producers using or considering such systems. Keywords: Click here to enter keywords and key phrases, separated by commas, with a period at the end

scholarly journals A Review Regarding the Biogas Production through Anaerobic Digestion of Organic Waste

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 185-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gheorghe Voicu ◽  
Mirela Dincă ◽  
Gigel Paraschiv ◽  
Georgiana Moiceanu
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Green Paper ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Biogas Plants

Globally, the pollution prevention goals transposed in the Kyoto Protocol, require sustainable solutions regarding the management of organic waste from both agricultural, and livestock farms. Biogas production by anaerobic digestion of organic wastes and residues provides a range of socio-economic benefits, but also environmental, thus contributing to monitoring the complex relationship between human health and the environment. The European Union policies regarding renewable energy systems (Europe 2020 Strategy – A strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth and Green Paper „Towards a European strategy for the security of energy supply“), highlights that the production of renewable energy, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and a sustainable waste management, are essential for sustainable development in the future. In this context, this paper will review aspects of biogas production by anaerobic digestion of organic waste, stages of anaerobic digestion process and concepts of biogas plants used in European countries.

Highly-efficient Anaerobic Digestion of Refractory Organic Waste Using Subcritical Water Hydrolysis as Pretreatment Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
TOMONAO MIYASHIRO ◽  
QINGHONG WANG ◽  
YINGNAN YANG ◽  
KAZUYA SHIMIZU ◽  
NORIO SUGIURA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Subcritical Water ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Water Hydrolysis ◽  
Subcritical Water Hydrolysis
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