An Automated Database System for Preliminary Spacecraft Design

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. R. Grooms ◽  
W. Blanchard ◽  
D. Hawthorne ◽  
K. Fisk
Keyword(s):  
Primary Structure ◽  
Database System ◽  
Base System ◽  
Design Team ◽  
Preliminary Design ◽  
Propulsion Systems ◽  
Spacecraft Design ◽  
Design Project ◽  
Timely Fashion ◽  
Automated Database

Abstract Spacecraft preliminary design is usually fast-paced and occasionally hectic. Decisions on configuration, propulsion systems, primary structure, cost, safety, reliability, and other disciplines are made almost daily. Keeping the design team informed of the decisions and the reasons for them in a timely fashion is a formidable task — one that is greatly facilitated by an automated database. This paper describes the scope, applications, and benefits of an automated base system that is currently in use on a spacecraft preliminary design project.

scholarly journals Systematic Analysis of Metallo-β-Lactamases Using an Automated Database

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 3481-3491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Widmann ◽  
Jürgen Pleiss ◽  
Peter Oelschlaeger
Keyword(s):  
Active Site ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Protein Sequences ◽  
Database System ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Peptide Database ◽  
Class B ◽  
Automated Database

ABSTRACTMetallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) are enzymes that hydrolyze β-lactam antibiotics, resulting in bacterial resistance to these drugs. These proteins have caused concerns due to their facile transference, broad substrate spectra, and the absence of clinically useful inhibitors. To facilitate the classification, nomenclature, and analysis of MBLs, an automated database system was developed, the Metallo-β-Lactamase Engineering Database (MBLED) (http://www.mbled.uni-stuttgart.de). It contains information on MBLs retrieved from the NCBI peptide database while strictly following the nomenclature by Jacoby and Bush (http://www.lahey.org/Studies/) and the generally accepted class B β-lactamase (BBL) standard numbering scheme for MBLs. The database comprises 597 MBL protein sequences and enables systematic analyses of these sequences. A systematic analysis employing the database resulted in the generation of mutation profiles of assigned IMP- and VIM-type MBLs, the identification of five MBL protein entries from the NCBI peptide database that were inconsistent with the Jacoby and Bush nomenclature, and the identification of 15 new IMP candidates and 9 new VIM candidates. Furthermore, the database was used to identify residues with high mutation frequencies and variability (mutation hot spots) that were unexpectedly distant from the active site located in the ββ sandwich: positions 208 and 266 in the IMP family and positions 215 and 258 in the VIM family. We expect that the MBLED will be a valuable tool for systematically cataloguing and analyzing the increasing number of MBLs being reported.

Preliminary Design of Hybrid-Electric Propulsion Systems for Emerging UAM Rotorcraft Architectures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chana Anna Saias ◽  
Ioannis Goulos ◽  
Ioannis Roumeliotis ◽  
Vassilios Pachidis ◽  
Marko Bacic
Keyword(s):  
Electric Propulsion ◽  
Flight Test ◽  
Preliminary Design ◽  
Propulsion Systems ◽  
Rotor Aerodynamics ◽  
Tilt Rotor ◽  
Integrated Methodology ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
Battery Energy ◽  
Optimal Implementation

Abstract The increasing demands for air-taxi operations together with the ambitious targets for reduced environmental impact have driven significant interest in alternative rotorcraft architectures and propulsion systems. The design of Hybrid-Electric Propulsion Systems (HEPSs) for rotorcraft is seen as being able to contribute to those goals. This work aims to conduct a comprehensive design and trade-off analysis of hybrid powerplants for rotorcraft, targeting enhanced payload-range capability and fuel economy. An integrated methodology for the design, performance assessment and optimal implementation of HEPSs for conceptual rotorcraft has been developed. A multi-disciplinary approach is devised comprising models for rotor aerodynamics, flight dynamics, HEPS performance and weight estimation. All models are validated using experimental or flight test data. The methodology is deployed for the assessment of a hybrid-electric tilt-rotor, modelled after the NASA XV-15. This work targets to provide new insight in the preliminary design and sizing of optimally designed HEPSs for novel tilt-rotor aircraft. The paper demonstrates that at present, current battery energy densities (250Wh/kg) severely limit the degree of hybridization if a fixed useful payload and range are to be achieved. However, it is also shown that if advancements in battery energy density to 500Wh/kg are realized, a significant increase in the level of hybridization and hence reduction of fuel burned and carbon output relative to the conventional configuration can be attained. The methodology presented is flexible enough to be applied to alternative rotorcraft configurations and propulsion systems.

The Design of a Squishy Mouse

1988 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 425-429
Author(s):  
Peter R. Nolan
Keyword(s):  
Successive Approximations ◽  
Design Team ◽  
Design Teams ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Physical Description ◽  
Final Design ◽  
Timely Fashion ◽  
Research Studies

Five research studies were conducted to specify the physical description of a novel mouse for an office computer. The mouse had side buttons that when pressed at the same time, moved or scrolled the contents of the active window. The studies examined accidental activation of both the side buttons and the top buttons, whether the mouse should be single button or have multiple buttons on its top surface, the back width dimension, volume and silhouette, top button position, and side button size and position. Each study provided data that was used in the next study, after it was reviewed by a design team. This case study shows that in design/development environments, quick, iterative studies serve the needs of design teams by providing successive approximations to the final design in a timely fashion. The utility of this method is compared to a multifactorial design.

Research to Safety Evaluation Expert System of Hydraulic Engineering Metal Structures

2011 ◽  
Vol 48-49 ◽  
pp. 994-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang Ming Yang
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Relational Database ◽  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Database System ◽  
Base System ◽  
Metal Structures ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Base System ◽  
Method Base

Combining the successful applications in AI, in this paper, an expert system is studied and designed for evaluating the safety of hydraulic metal structures, whose goal is compute the reliability of hydraulic metal structures. Applying the techniques of AI, a framework is made up for evaluating the safety of hydraulic metal structures. The framework of knowledge base system is designed and presented with the domain knowledge. Based on the theory of relational database, the conceptual and logical views of database system are designed and analysed. Additionally, method base system is designed. A practical example is given to illustrate the process of using this system. This system has features of practical and advanced and expand.

A SIMULATION APPROACH FOR PLANING BOATS PROPULSION AND MANOEUVRABILITY

2016 ◽  
Vol 158 (B1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Ircani ◽  
M Martelli ◽  
M Viviani ◽  
M Altosole ◽  
C Podenzana-Bonvino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Preliminary Design ◽  
Propulsion Systems ◽  
Sea Trial ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
High Speed Diesel ◽  
Captive Model Tests ◽  
Speed Up

A comprehensive approach to modelling and simulation of high speed craft dynamics during turning circle and zig-zag manoeuvres is presented in this paper. The high performance requirements for propulsion systems and the increasing attention being paid to planing hull manoeuvring features suggest the need for a thorough investigation into ship dynamics, starting in the preliminary design phase. Dynamic aspects of planing craft during manoeuvres cannot be adequately dealt with by traditional methodologies and purely steady state approaches. For this reason, the boat’s dynamic behaviour is evaluated by means of a time domain simulator, able to represent the hull dynamics, including the mutual interactions with the propulsion system and propulsion controller. Manoeuvrability characteristics are simulated on the basis of captive model tests on planing hulls available in open literature. Compared with previous similar studies, in the present work a possible strategy is introduced to represent roll motion due to the propulsion and steering effects. Finally, the simulation results are compared with sea trial records in order to highlight the capabilities and shortcomings of the proposed method. The case study analysed is a boat equipped with two azimuthal propulsors driven by two high-speed diesel engines that ensure a speed up to 32.5 kn.

scholarly journals Automated Design of CubeSats using Evolutionary Algorithm for Trade Space Selection

Aerospace ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Himangshu Kalita ◽  
Jekan Thangavelautham
Keyword(s):  
Automated Design ◽  
Earth Observation ◽  
Design Team ◽  
Optimal Solutions ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Spacecraft Design ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Interplanetary Missions ◽  
Mass Volume

The miniaturization of electronics, sensors, and actuators has enabled the growing use of nanosatellites for earth observation, astrophysics, and even interplanetary missions. This rise of nanosatellites has led to the development of an inventory of modular, interchangeable commercially-off-the-shelf (COTS) components by a multitude of commercial vendors. As a result, the capability of combining subsystems in a compact platform has considerably advanced in the last decade. However, to ascertain these spacecraft’s maximum capabilities in terms of mass, volume, and power, there is an important need to optimize their design. Current spacecraft design methods need engineering experience and judgements made by of a team of experts, which can be labor intensive and might lead to a sub-optimal design. In this work we present a compelling alternative approach using machine learning to identify near-optimal solutions to extend the capabilities of a design team. The approach enables automated design of a spacecraft that requires developing a virtual warehouse of components and specifying quantitative goals to produce a candidate design. The near-optimal solutions found through this approach would be a credible starting point for the design team that will need further study to determine their implementation feasibility.

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