Tendon Tapping Stimulus Characterization Through Contact Modeling

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waiman Meinhold ◽  
Jun Ueda
Keyword(s):  
Contact Mechanics ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Mechanical Stimulus ◽  
Reflex Response ◽  
Contact Modeling ◽  
Dynamic Information ◽  
Common Procedure ◽  
Stimulus Variability ◽  
Novel Applications

Tendon tapping is a common procedure with both diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Significant variability is observed in the reflex response both between and within even healthy subjects, which is likely partially caused by imprecise control or measurement of the mechanical stimulus. Reducing or measuring stimulus variability is critical to future novel applications of tendon tapping for rehabilitative neuromodulation. This work presents a contact mechanics based method for characterization of tendon mechanical stimulus. This work utilizes easily observable dynamic information about hammer impacts to estimate the properties of impacted tissue.

scholarly journals Gut microbiota profiles and characterization of cultivable fungal isolates in IBS patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piero Sciavilla ◽  
Francesco Strati ◽  
Monica Di Paola ◽  
Monica Modesto ◽  
Francesco Vitali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Abstract Studies so far conducted on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) have been focused mainly on the role of gut bacterial dysbiosis in modulating the intestinal permeability, inflammation, and motility, with consequences on the quality of life. Limited evidences showed a potential involvement of gut fungal communities. Here, the gut bacterial and fungal microbiota of a cohort of IBS patients have been characterized and compared with that of healthy subjects (HS). The IBS microbial community structure differed significantly compared to HS. In particular, we observed an enrichment of bacterial taxa involved in gut inflammation, such as Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcus, Fusobacteria, Gemella, and Rothia, as well as depletion of health-promoting bacterial genera, such as Roseburia and Faecalibacterium. Gut microbial profiles in IBS patients differed also in accordance with constipation. Sequence analysis of the gut mycobiota showed enrichment of Saccharomycetes in IBS. Culturomics analysis of fungal isolates from feces showed enrichment of Candida spp. displaying from IBS a clonal expansion and a distinct genotypic profiles and different phenotypical features when compared to HS of Candida albicans isolates. Alongside the well-characterized gut bacterial dysbiosis in IBS, this study shed light on a yet poorly explored fungal component of the intestinal ecosystem, the gut mycobiota. Our results showed a differential fungal community in IBS compared to HS, suggesting potential for new insights on the involvement of the gut mycobiota in IBS. Key points • Comparison of gut microbiota and mycobiota between IBS and healthy subjects • Investigation of cultivable fungi in IBS and healthy subjects • Candida albicans isolates result more virulent in IBS subjects compared to healthy subjects

scholarly journals Screening for the Optimal Specificity Profile of Protein Kinase C Using Electrospray Mass-Spectrometry

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 320-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mart Loog ◽  
Bo Ek ◽  
Nikita Oskolkov ◽  
Ale Närvänen ◽  
Jaak Järv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Protein Kinase Activity ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Esi Ms ◽  
Kinase C ◽  
Kinase Specificity ◽  
Complex Structural ◽  
Novel Applications ◽  
Peptide Library Approach

A peptide library approach based on electrospray mass-spectrometric (ESI-MS) detection of phosphopeptides was designed for rapid and quantitative characterization of protein kinase specificity. The kcat/Km values for the protein kinase Cβ (PKCβ) were determined for a systematically varied set of individual substrate peptides in library mixtures by the ESI-MS method. The analysis revealed a complex structural specificity profile in positions around the phosphorylated serine with hydrophobic and/or basic residues being mostly preferred. On the basis of the kinetic parameters, a highly efficient peptide substrate for PKCβ (Kmvalue below 100 nM) FRRRRSFRRR and its alanine substituted pseudosubstrate-analog inhibitor (Ki value of 76 nM) were designed. The quantitative specificity profiles obtained by the new approach contained more information about kinase specificity than the conventional substrate consensus motifs. The new method presents a promising basis for design of substrate-site directed peptide or peptidomimetic inhibitors of protein kinases. Second, highly specific substrates could be designed for novel applications such as high-throughput protein kinase activity screens on protein kinase chips.

scholarly journals Characterization of swallow modulation in response to bolus volume in healthy subjects accounting for catheter diameter

2017 ◽  
Vol 128 (6) ◽  
pp. 1328-1334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Ferris ◽  
Mistyka Schar ◽  
Lisa McCall ◽  
Sebastian Doeltgen ◽  
Ingrid Scholten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Bolus Volume

scholarly journals Characterization of the EM66 Biomarker in the Pituitary and Plasma of Healthy Subjects With Different Gonadotroph Status and Patients With Gonadotroph Tumor

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johann Guillemot ◽  
Marlène Guérin ◽  
Anne-Françoise Cailleux ◽  
Antoine-Guy Lopez ◽  
Jean-Marc Kuhn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects

Glucagon radioimmunoassay with use of antiserum to glucagon C-terminal fragment.

1981 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1690-1697 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Nishino ◽  
T Kodaira ◽  
S Shin ◽  
K Imagawa ◽  
K Shima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Assay System ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Arginine Infusion ◽  
Pancreatic Glucagon ◽  
Terminal Fragment ◽  
Specific Radioimmunoassay ◽  
Dog Plasma ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation

Abstract In this pancreatic-glucagon-specific radioimmunoassay we used C-terminal-region-specific antiserum. OAL-123, produced against a 19-29 C-terminal fragment of porcine glucagon. On measurement of pooled plasma the ranges for intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation were 4.8-8.1% and 7.5-10.7%, respectively. The concentration of immunoreactive glucagon in plasma of healthy subjects, as measured with the OAL-123 assay system, was 87.9 (SD 23.8) ng/L. Measurement of the same plasma samples with the 30K assay system (30K being an antiserum highly specific for pancreatic glucagon) showed a comparable value, 86.2 (SD 26.3) ng/L. We followed changes in human and dog plasma immunoreactive glucagon concentrations on arginine infusion and after glucose load, using the OAL-123 and the 30K assay systems, with identical results. Combining other results of comparative immunochemical characterization of the OAL-123 and 30K assay systems, we confirmed that the antisera raised against the C-terminal fragment of glucagon can be used in radioimmunoassay of pancreatic glucagon.

scholarly journals Design, synthesis, and characterization of novel nanowire structures for photovoltaics and intracellular probes

2011 ◽  
Vol 83 (12) ◽  
pp. 2153-2169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bozhi Tian ◽  
Charles M. Lieber
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Materials Synthesis ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Unique System ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Iterative Control ◽  
Novel Applications

Semiconductor nanowires (NWs) represent a unique system for exploring phenomena at the nanoscale and are expected to play a critical role in future electronic, optoelectronic, and miniaturized biomedical devices. Modulation of the composition and geometry of nanostructures during growth could encode information or function, and realize novel applications beyond the conventional lithographical limits. This review focuses on the fundamental science aspects of the bottom-up paradigm, which are synthesis and physical property characterization of semiconductor NWs and NW heterostructures, as well as proof-of-concept device concept demonstrations, including solar energy conversion and intracellular probes. A new NW materials synthesis is discussed and, in particular, a new “nano-tectonic” approach is introduced that provides iterative control over the NW nucleation and growth for constructing 2D kinked NW superstructures. The use of radial and axial p-type/intrinsic/n-type (p-i-n) silicon NW (Si-NW) building blocks for solar cells and nanoscale power source applications is then discussed. The critical benefits of such structures and recent results are described and critically analyzed, together with some of the diverse challenges and opportunities in the near future. Finally, results are presented on several new directions, which have recently been exploited in interfacing biological systems with NW devices.

Characterization of retinal blood flow in healthy subjects

2011 ◽  
Vol 89 (s248) ◽  
pp. 0-0 ◽  
Author(s):  
G FUCHSJAGER‐MAYRL ◽  
L SCHMETTERER
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Retinal Blood Flow
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