An Optimization-Oriented Supervisory Controller Design for Hybrid Fuel Cell Electrified Vehicles

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Wu ◽  
Milos Milacic ◽  
Alhadi Albousefi ◽  
Ming Kuang ◽  
Jing Sun
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Controller Design ◽  
Minimum Principle ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Supervisory Controller ◽  
Total Travel Time

In this paper, an optimization-oriented supervisory controller based on Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle (PMP) is established to develop an on-road energy management strategy for hybrid fuel cell vehicles. A method to estimate initial co-state value based on average power is proposed and demonstrated, which makes the offline PMP algorithm feasible for on board implementation. Furthermore, the proposed adaptive PMP (A-PMP) maintains charge-sustaining performance using readily available driving information, such as the total travel time. The A-PMP is evaluated on a high fidelity Ford fuel cell electrified vehicle powertrain with an experimentally validated fuel cell stack model. Comparing to the default baseline energy management method, the A-PMP provides better fuel economy performance. The simulation results show up to 1.1% miles per gallon gasoline equivalent (MPGe) improvement for Highway Fuel Economy Test (HWFET), 2.1% for Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule (UDDS), and 7.0% for EPA Federal Test Procedure (FTP-75).

scholarly journals Comparison of Two Energy Management Strategies Considering Power System Durability for PEMFC-LIB Hybrid Logistics Vehicle

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3262
Author(s):  
Jianying Liang ◽  
Yankun Li ◽  
Wenya Jia ◽  
Weikang Lin ◽  
Tiancai Ma
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power System ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Lifetime Cost ◽  
Minimum Principle ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Fuzzy Control Strategy ◽  
The Cost

For commercial applications, the durability and economy of the fuel cell hybrid system have become obstacles to be overcome, which are not only affected by the performance of core materials and components, but also closely related to the energy management strategy (EMS). This paper takes the 7.9 t fuel cell logistics vehicle as the research object, and designed the EMS from two levels of qualitative and quantitative analysis, which are the composite fuzzy control strategy optimized by genetic algorithm and Pontryagin’s minimum principle (PMP) optimized by objective function, respectively. The cost function was constructed and used as the optimization objective to prolong the life of the power system as much as possible on the premise of ensuring the fuel economy. The results indicate that the optimized PMP showed a comprehensive optimal performance, the hydrogen consumption was 3.481 kg/100 km, and the cost was 13.042 $/h. The major contribution lies in that this paper presents a method to evaluate the effect of different strategies on vehicle performance including fuel economy and durability of the fuel cell and battery. The comparison between the two totally different strategies helps to find a better and effective solution to reduce the lifetime cost.

Optimal energy management strategy for fuel cell/battery/supercapacitor vehicles using wavelet transform and equivalent consumption minimization strategy

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702110697
Author(s):  
Pengfei Zou ◽  
Fazhan Tao ◽  
Zhumu Fu ◽  
Pengju Si ◽  
Chao Ma
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Optimal Energy ◽  
Optimal Energy Management

In this paper, the hybrid electric vehicle is equipped with fuel cell/battery/supercapacitor as the research object, the optimal energy management strategy (EMS) is proposed by combining wavelet transform (WT) method and equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS) for reducing hydrogen consumption and prolonging the lifespan of power sources. Firstly, the WT method is employed to separate power demand of vehicles into high-frequency part supplied by supercapacitor and low-frequency part allocated to fuel cell and battery, which can effectively reduce the fluctuation of fuel cell and battery to prolong their lifespan. Then, considering the low-frequency power, the optimal SOC of battery is used to design the equivalent factor of the ECMS method to improve the fuel economy. The proposed hierarchical EMS can realize a trade-off between the lifespan of power sources and fuel economy of vehicles. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed EMS is verified by ADVISOR, and comparison results are given compared with the traditional ECMS method and ECMS combining the filter.

scholarly journals Energy Management Strategy for Fuel Cell and Battery Hybrid Vehicle Based on Fuzzy Logic

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 882
Author(s):  
Dongxu Li ◽  
Bing Xu ◽  
Jie Tian ◽  
Zheshu Ma
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Cell Hybrid ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Hybrid Vehicle ◽  
Hybrid Vehicles ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Fuel Cell Hybrid

In order to improve fuel economy and enhance operating efficiency of fuel cell hybrid vehicles (FCHVs), fuzzy logic control (FLC) strategies are available and suggested for adoption. In this paper, the powertrain of a fuel cell hybrid vehicle is designed and the parameters of the motor, battery, and fuel cell are calculated. The FLC strategy and the power following control (PFC) strategy are designed for the studied FCHV. A secondary development for Advanced Vehicle Simulator (ADVISOR) is implemented based on the standard driving cycles, and a Chinese typical city driving cycle is imported. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed FLC strategy is more valid and reasonable than the traditional PFC strategy. The proposed FLC strategy affects the vehicle characteristics significantly and contributes to better performance in four aspects: fuel economy, efficiency of battery and fuel cell system, battery state of charge (SOC), and battery life. Hence, the FLC strategy is more suitable for the energy management strategy for fuel cell and battery hybrid vehicles.

scholarly journals An Energy Management Strategy and Parameter Optimization of Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Wenguang Li ◽  
Guosheng Feng ◽  
Sumei Jia
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Highly Nonlinear ◽  
Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles

This study involved a detailed analysis of an energy distribution strategy and the parameters of key components of fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs). In order to better utilize the advantages of multiple energy sources, the wavelet-fuzzy energy management method was used to adjust the demand power allocation among multiple energy sources, and particle swarm optimization (PSO) was used to solve highly nonlinear optimization problems under multi-dimensional and multi-condition constraints. The multi-objective optimization problem of predefined driving cycle powertrain parameters about fuel economy and system durability was studied. The parameters of the key components of the system were optimized, including the size parameters of the air com-pressor and the number of batteries and ultra-capacitors. Furthermore, the driving state under specific working conditions was analyzed, and a nonlinear model with system durability and fuel economy as the optimization objectives were established, which greatly reduced the costs, reduced the fuel consumption rate and extended the battery life. The simulation results showed that for a UDDS cycle, the FCS’s maximal net output power of 83 kW was optimal for the fuel economy and system durability of a fuel cell city bus.

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