Assessment of the Vehicle Level Impact for a SOFC Integrated With the Power and Thermal Management System of an Air Vehicle

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rory A. Roberts ◽  
Mitch Wolff ◽  
Sean Nuzum ◽  
Adam Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Thermal Management System ◽  
Air Vehicle ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Air Vehicles

The demand for electrical power onboard aerospace vehicles continues to grow at an accelerating pace. Accompanied with the electrical power is the increase in thermal demands for removing the low quality waste heat from the electrical components and advanced electronics. The increase in thermal demands onboard an aircraft dramatically impact the capability and performance of the air vehicle due to the low coefficients of performance (COP) of aerospace refrigeration systems. The low COP means the system requires a significant amount of work to lift the thermal waste from the aircraft subsystems. This leads to significant demands on the propulsion system and the power and thermal management systems creating a cycle of diminishing returns, which leads to inefficiency and limited capability of future air vehicles. Alternative components and configurations have the potential to increase the efficiency of the power and thermal management system reducing the overall negative impact on air vehicles’ efficiency and capabilities. A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) integrated with the power and thermal management system has been investigated. The vehicle level impact of this novel configuration has been assessed along with the dynamic behavior of the SOFC when integrated into these systems. The results provide insight into the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed system.

scholarly journals A Hybrid Thermal Management System With Negative Parasitic Losses for Electric Vehicle Battery Packs

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shashank Arora ◽  
Kari Tammi
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Discharge Process ◽  
Battery Cell ◽  
Power Requirement ◽  
Thermal Management System ◽  
Battery Packs ◽  
Battery Thermal Management System

Parasitic power requirement is a key criterion in selection of suitable battery thermal management system (TMS) for EV applications. This paper presents a hybrid TMS with negative parasitic requirements, designed by integrating phase change material (PCM) with thermoelectric devices. The proposed system does not require any power consumption to maintain tight control over battery cell temperature during aggressive use and repetitive cycling. In addition, it can recover a portion of waste heat produced during the typical operation of EV battery packs. Commercially available LiFeP04 20 Ah pouch cell has been chosen as a test battery sample for validating the conceptual design presented herein. The commercial battery cells, submerged in a PCM-filled polycarbonate casing, are subjected to a cyclic discharge process to elucidate their heat generation characteristics at 27 °C. Charging and discharging is conducted at 0.5C and 1C, respectively. A thermoelectric circuit is used to recover the heat energy absorbed by the PCM and to convert it to electrical energy. The manuscript further details some of the major findings of this experiment.

scholarly journals Analysis and Optimization of Coupled Thermal Management Systems Used in Vehicles

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gequn Shu ◽  
Chen Hu ◽  
Hua Tian ◽  
Xiaoya Li ◽  
Zhigang Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Engine Load ◽  
Thermal Management System

About 2/3 of the combustion energy of internal combustion engine (ICE) is lost through the exhaust and cooling systems during its operation. Besides, automobile accessories like the air conditioning system and the radiator fan will bring additional power consumption. To improve the ICE efficiency, this paper designs some coupled thermal management systems with different structures which include the air conditioning subsystem, the waste heat recovery subsystem, engine and coolant subsystem. CO2 is chosen as the working fluid for both the air conditioning subsystem and the waste heat recovery subsystem. After conducting experimental studies and a performance analysis for the subsystems, the coupled thermal management system is evaluated at different environmental temperatures and engine working conditions to choose the best structure. The optimal pump speed increases with the increase of environmental temperature and the decrease of engine load. The optimal coolant utilization rate decreases with the increase of engine load and environmental temperature, and the value is between 38% and 52%. While considering the effect of environmental temperature and road conditions of real driving and the energy consumption of all accessories of the thermal management system, the optimal thermal management system provides a net power of 4.2 kW, improving the ICE fuel economy by 1.2%.

scholarly journals Optimal Thermal Management System for HALE UAV

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Patel ◽  
C. E. Lents
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Component Reliability ◽  
Engine Cooling ◽  
Thermal Management System ◽  
Rotary Engines ◽  
Development Risks ◽  
Recovery Approach

This paper discusses an optimal thermal management system for a High Altitude Long Endurance Unmanned Air vehicle (HALE UAV). It examines several configurations to reject waste heat from the vehicle’s propulsion engine cooling system as well as the avionic cooling system and identifies the configuration which has a minimum impact on aircraft endurance, component reliability, and development risks. The optimization process incorporates two basic heat rejection approaches. One is a conventional approach which rejects cooling system waste heat to the atmosphere, and the other is a waste heat recovery approach which converts a portion of the waste heat into electricity to power avionics. Both concepts were optimized for three types of propulsion engines: Spark Ignition Piston engines, Rotary engines, and Diesel engines.

scholarly journals Integrated Energy and Thermal Management for Electrified Powertrains

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caiyang Wei ◽  
Theo Hofman ◽  
Esin Ilhan Caarls ◽  
Rokus van Iperen
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Cold Start ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Fuel Saving ◽  
Cycle Simulation ◽  
Thermal Management System

This study presents an integrated energy and thermal management system to identify the fuel-saving potential caused by cold-starting an electrified powertrain. In addition, it quantifies the benefit of adopting waste heat recovery (WHR) technologies on the ultimate fuel savings. A cold-start implies a low engine temperature, which increases the frictional power dissipation in the engine, leading to excess fuel usage. A dual-source WHR (DSWHR) system is employed to recuperate waste heat from exhaust gases. The energy harvested is stored in a battery and can be retrieved when needed. Moreover, the system recovers waste heat from an electric machine, including power electronics and a continuous variable transmission, to boost the heating performance of a heat pump for cabin heating. This results in a decrease in the load on the battery. The integrated energy and thermal management system aims at maximizing the fuel efficiency for a pre-defined drive cycle. Simulation results show that cold-start conditions affect the fuel-saving potential significantly, up to 7.1% on the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC), yet have a small impact on the optimal controller. The DSWHR system improves the fuel economy remarkably, up to 13.1% on the NEDC, from which the design of WHR technologies and dimensioning of powertrain components can be derived. As the optimal solution is obtained offline, a complete energy consumption minimization strategy framework, considering both energy and thermal aspects, is proposed to enable online implementation.

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