A Control Approach for Broadening the Operating Frequency Range of a Bridge Vibration Energy Harvester

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Pedchenko ◽  
Jonathan W. Hoke ◽  
Eric J. Barth
Keyword(s):  
Condition Monitoring ◽  
Excitation Frequency ◽  
Power Source ◽  
Structural Vibration ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Electromagnetic Vibration

Remote bridge condition monitoring can be accomplished using sensors equipped with transmitters. This allows for timely detection of structural degradation and thereby increases safety. These sensors require a more permanent power source than batteries to enable operation without costly periodic maintenance. Since bridges exhibit structural vibration, electromagnetic vibration energy harvesting is a viable power source candidate. Unfortunately conventional electromagnetic vibration energy harvesters (VEHs) operate efficiently only at their natural frequency. Since a single bridge will vibrate differently, depending on its traffic conditions, the following work proposes a method for augmenting the excitation frequency bandwidth for electromagnetic VEHs, thereby enabling them to be feasible power supplies for bridge condition monitoring. Specifically, the paper provides experimental results showing the effectiveness of the proposed method in inducing resonance type behavior in an electromagnetic VEH at excitation frequencies that otherwise produce little to no motion in the harvester.

scholarly journals Dynamic Modeling and Structural Optimization of a Bistable Electromagnetic Vibration Energy Harvester

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bei Zhang ◽  
Qichang Zhang ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Jianxin Han ◽  
Xiaoli Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Electromagnetic Vibration ◽  
Magnetic Spring ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Nonlinear Galerkin Method ◽  
Simulation And Experiment ◽  
The Mathematical Model

A novel bistable electromagnetic vibration energy harvester (BEMH) is constructed and optimized in this study, based on a nonlinear system consisting mainly of a flexible membrane and a magnetic spring. A large-amplitude transverse vibration equation of the system is established with the general nonlinear geometry and magnetic force. Firstly, the mathematical model, considering the higher-order nonlinearities given by nonlinear Galerkin method, is applied to a membrane with a co-axial magnet mass and magnetic spring. Secondly, the steady vibration response of the membrane subjected to a harmonic base motion is obtained, and then the output power considering electromagnetic effect is analytically derived. On this basis, a parametric study in a broad frequency domain has been achieved for the BEMH with different radius ratios and membrane thicknesses. It is demonstrated that model predictions are both in close agreement with results from the finite element simulation and experiment data. Finally, the proposed efficient solution method is used to obtain an optimizing strategy for the design of multi-stable energy harvesters with the similar flexible structure.

scholarly journals Vibration energy harvesting to power condition monitoring sensors for industrial and manufacturing equipment

2012 ◽  
Vol 227 (6) ◽  
pp. 1187-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew C Waterbury ◽  
Paul K Wright
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Condition Monitoring ◽  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Mechanical Vibration ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Wireless Sensor Nodes ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Cutting Vibrations

To enable self-sustaining long-lasting wireless condition monitoring sensors, a small mechanical vibration energy harvester using electromagnetic transduction was constructed and used to harvest vibrations from large industrial pump motors and machine tool. The prototype harvester was roughly the size of a cube with 2.5 cm long sides. Power ranging from 0.2 to 1.5 mW was harvested from 15 to 30 kW water pump motors. For a machine tool, metal cutting vibrations and rapid jog events were explored as possible harvestable sources of energy. Power ranging from 0.9 to 1.9 mW was harvested during facemilling operations, and it was shown that rapid jog events could be harvested. The power levels harvested from the pump motors and machine tools are sufficient to provide the time-averaged power requirements of commercial wireless sensor nodes, enabling sensor nodes to overcome the finite life of replaceable batteries.

Experimental characterisation of dual-mass vibration energy harvesters employing velocity amplification

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (20) ◽  
pp. 2810-2826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronan Frizzell ◽  
Gerard Kelly ◽  
Francesco Cottone ◽  
Elisabetta Boco ◽  
Valeria Nico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Response ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Network Applications ◽  
Higher Power ◽  
Battery Technology

Vibration energy harvesting extracts energy from the environment and can mitigate reliance on battery technology in wireless sensor networks. This article presents the nonlinear responses of two multi-mass vibration energy harvesters that employ a velocity amplification effect. This amplification is achieved by momentum transfer from larger to smaller masses following impact between masses. Two systems are presented that show the evolution of multi-mass vibration energy harvester designs: (1) a simplified prototype that effectively demonstrates the basic principles of the approach and (2) an enhanced design that achieves higher power densities and a wider frequency response. Various configurations are investigated to better understand the nonlinear dynamics and how best to realise future velocity-amplified vibration energy harvesters. The frequency responses of the multi-mass harvesters show that these devices have the potential to reduce risks associated with deploying vibration energy harvester devices in wireless sensor network applications; the wide frequency response reduces the need to re-tune the harvesters following frequency variations of the source vibrations.

Design of Nonlinear Energy Harvester With Snap-Through Buckling Mechanism

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumin Seong ◽  
Soobum Lee
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Vibration ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Excitation Frequency ◽  
Single Frequency ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Random Nature ◽  
Broadband Frequency

Vibration energy harvesting (EH) has been initiated from linear vibration principle, which utilizes a single frequency to obtain power. Unfortunately, linear energy harvesters do not yield appreciable power because of random nature of vibration in the real world. In order to overcome the weakness of linear harvesters and account for the arbitrary nature of vibration, multiple nonlinear vibration energy harvesters have been developed and studied. This paper presents parametric study on the design of nonlinear vibration EH device that utilizes snap-through mechanism to obtain high power from broadband excitation frequency. The device is comprised of a cantilever beam with curved shell implemented in the middle of the beam. When vibrating, the curved shell causes snap-through buckling and the nature of vibration becomes nonlinear. For practical purposes, a broadband frequency vibration input is used to optimize the energy harvester design. Design variables are assigned and optimized in order to create optimal design of the energy harvester, which maximizes power output. The presented design will have positive effect by providing means to practically capturing wasted vibration energy in consideration of its broadband frequency utilization.

scholarly journals Material Damping Analysis of Triangular Cantilever Beam for Electromagnetic Vibration Energy Harvesting Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Chung Ket Thein ◽  
Faruq Muhammad Foong
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Cantilever Beam ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Material Damping ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Electromagnetic Vibration ◽  
Rectangular Beam ◽  
Higher Power

Triangular cantilever beams are often desired in piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting applications, as they result in a better performance due to the higher and more uniform stress they exhibit. However, the application of this cantilever geometry has not yet been explored for other transduction methods. In this study, the application of a triangular cantilever beam for a cantilevered electromagnetic vibration energy harvester was examined by analyzing its material damping and comparing it to a regular rectangular beam. The material damping of the harvester was predicted through finite element analysis using the critically damped stress method. Under the same beam volume or beam length, the triangular cantilever beam exhibited an approximately 7.1% lower material damping when compared to a rectangular cantilever beam. Further analysis shows that the triangular beam can also deliver a 21.7% higher power output than the rectangular beam.

Modeling of Rotating Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvesters with Nonlinear Magnetic Forces

2014 ◽  
Vol 945-949 ◽  
pp. 1457-1460
Author(s):  
Bin Guo ◽  
Zhong Sheng Chen ◽  
Cong Cong Cheng ◽  
Yong Min Yang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Force ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Magnetic Forces ◽  
Lagrange’S Equation ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Piezoelectric Vibration

A methodology of rotating vibration energy harvesting with nonlinear magnetic forces is studied in this paper. A mathematical model of rotating piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters with nonlinear magnetic forces is built by the Lagrange’s equation and assumed-modes method. The nonlinear model is solved by numerical methods. Then the effects of distance between two magnets are studied. The results demonstrate that the performance of rotating piezoelectric vibration energy harvester with nonlinear magnetic force is better than traditional linear ones when the distance between two magnets is appropriate.

Beam-Based Vibration Energy Harvesters Tunable Through Folding

2018 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anup Pydah ◽  
R. C. Batra
Keyword(s):  
Natural Frequencies ◽  
Excitation Frequency ◽  
Beam Theory ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Tuning Parameters ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Single Fold ◽  
Euler Bernoulli Beam

We present a novel beam-based vibration energy harvester, and use a structural tailoring concept to tune its natural frequencies. Using a solution of the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory equations, verified with finite element (FE) solutions of shell theory equations, we show that introducing folds or creases along the span of a slender beam, varying the fold angle at a crease, and changing the crease location helps tune the beam natural frequencies to match an external excitation frequency and maximize the energy harvested. For a beam clamped at both ends, the first frequency can be increased by 175% with a single fold. With two folds, selective frequencies can be tuned, leaving others unchanged. The number of folds, their locations, and the fold angles act as tuning parameters that provide high sensitivity and controllability of the frequency response of the harvester. The analytical model can be used to quickly optimize designs with multiple folds for anticipated external frequencies.

Resin-bonded NdFeB micromagnets for integration into electromagnetic vibration energy harvesters

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-hong Wang ◽  
Kai Tao ◽  
Zhuo-qing Yang ◽  
Gui-fu Ding
Keyword(s):  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Electromagnetic Vibration

An electromagnetic vibration energy harvester using a magnet-array-based vibration-to-rotation conversion mechanism

2022 ◽  
Vol 253 ◽  
pp. 115146
Author(s):  
Yifeng Wang ◽  
Peigen Wang ◽  
Shoutai Li ◽  
Mingyuan Gao ◽  
Huajiang Ouyang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Electromagnetic Vibration
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