A Semi-Stented and Chorded Mitral Valve Prosthesis: Design and Method of Chordal Setting and In Vitro Testing

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kotzé ◽  
L. Deorsola
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Mitral Annulus ◽  
Hydrodynamic Performance ◽  
Valve Prosthesis ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Mitral Valve Prosthesis ◽  
Valve Prostheses ◽  
Minimum Performance ◽  
Ventricular Dynamics

Mitral subvalvular apparatus plays an important role in mitral and ventricular dynamics by preserving annuloventricular continuity, known to be fundamental for ventricular function. While some proposed mitral valve prostheses designs do attempt to account for this relationship by using papillary flaps, they are not adjustable and do not mimic the native saddle shaped mitral annulus. Unfortunately, these designs are not versatile as their papillary flap lengths cannot be altered and the prostheses are unsuitable for percutaneous implantation. We address these issues through the design of a novel semistented and chorded mitral valve that better mimics the native mitral annulus, leaflets and chordae function and can be made from off-the-shelf biomaterials with the potential to be implanted percutaneously. We also propose a novel and reliable method to set the chordal lengths individually. Finally, we demonstrate the hydrodynamic performance of the valve, showing that it meets the minimum performance requirements stipulated by the international standard ISO 5840-3:2013.

scholarly journals Hemodynamic influence of design parameters of novel venous valve prostheses

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-151
Author(s):  
Michael Stiehm ◽  
Stefanie Kohse ◽  
Kerstin Schümann ◽  
Sebastian Kaule ◽  
Stefan Siewert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Hydrodynamic Performance ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Effective Orifice Area ◽  
Valve Prosthesis ◽  
Venous Valve ◽  
Orifice Area ◽  
Valve Prostheses

AbstractVenous ulcers of the lower limbs are one clinical manifestation of chronic venous insufficiency. Currently, there is no venous valve prosthesis available. This study presents novel venous valve prostheses made of threedimensional electrospun fibrous nonwoven leaflets. The aim of this study was to prove the feasibility of the manufacturing process as well as to investigate design features of the venous valve prostheses from a hemodynamic point of view. An adapted pulse duplicator system (ViVitrolabs, Victoria, BC, CA) was used for characterization of the hydrodynamic performance. For eight different venous valve prototypes flow rate, effective orifice area and regurgitation fraction was investigated in vitro. In particular, tricusp valve designs showed an up to 40% higher effective orifice area as well as 15% higher maximum flowrate compared to bicusp valve designs. However, the regurgitation fraction of the bicusp valve designs is up to 86% lower compared to tricusp valve. Additionally, the hemodynamic performance of the tricuspid valves showed a high sensitivity regarding the leaflet length. Bicuspid valves are less sensitive to changes of design parameters, more sufficient and therefore highly reliable.

Low-Dose Warfarin in Patients with Carbomedics Heart Valve Prostheses

2000 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per V Andersen ◽  
Jan Aagaard
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Heart Valve ◽  
International Normalized Ratio ◽  
Heart Valve Prosthesis ◽  
Valve Prosthesis ◽  
Bleeding Events ◽  
Mitral Valve Prosthesis ◽  
Dose Warfarin ◽  
Valve Prostheses

All patients who received a Carbomedics heart valve prosthesis were assessed retrospectively by interview regarding thromboembolic, hemorrhagic, or other valve-related events. In cases of such events, the patient's practitioner or cardiologist was interviewed. Hospital records were reviewed in cases of hospital admission. Included in the study were patients who had isolated replacement of the aortic or mitral valve in whom it was possible to collect all International Normalized Ratio values from discharge through follow-up. There were 148 patients with isolated aortic valve replacement and 56 with isolated mitral valve replacement. Bleeding events were 3 times more frequent than thromboembolic events. Based on our results we will apply an International Normalized Ratio between 2 and 2.5 for patients with a Carbomedics heart valve prosthesis in aortic position and ratios between 2.5 and 3 for those with a mitral valve prosthesis.

scholarly journals Aortic regurgitation after transcatheter aortic valve replacement

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-198
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Hydrodynamic Performance ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Valve Prosthesis ◽  
Test Setup ◽  
Transcatheter Aortic Valve ◽  
Implantation Depth ◽  
First Results ◽  
Valve Prostheses

AbstractThe assessment of hydrodynamic performance of transcatheter aortic valve prostheses in vitro is essential for the develosepment and approval of novel devices. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the correlation of target implantation depth and paravalvular regurgitation in a controlled in vitro test situation. We designed a test setup with retrograde steady flow conditions measuring paravalvular regurgitation as a function of increasing pressure on the closed valve ranging from 0 mmHg to 200 mmHg. Our future aim is to benchmark different valve prosthesis designs and describe the correlation between target implantation depth, paravalvular regurgitation and prosthesis design aspects. The current study describes the developed test setup, validation experiments as well as first results for a selfexpanding valve prosthesis. The highest regurgitation was measured at an implantation depth of 2 mm. In fact, regurgitation increases from 26.1 ± 8.2 ml/min at 0 mmHg to 1,490.7 ± 182.7 ml/min at 160 mmHg. The slightest regurgitation, however, was measured for an implantation depth of 6 mm ranging from 2.2 ± 0.6 ml/min at 0 mmHg to 605.8 ± 18.9 ml/min at 200 mmHg.

Noninvasive in vivo and in vitro study of the St. Jude mitral valve prosthesis

1982 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 1101-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard J. Feldman ◽  
Richard J. Gray ◽  
Aurelio Chaux ◽  
Stephen W. Halpern ◽  
Robert Kraus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Valve Prosthesis ◽  
Mitral Valve Prosthesis
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