Optimization of Novel Corner Module for Urban Electric Vehicle

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison J. Waters ◽  
Amir Khajepour
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Lateral Displacement ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Ride Height ◽  
Short Supply ◽  
Module Design ◽  
Camber Angle

With urban populations on the rise, sustainable design of cities will be necessary to maintain reasonable quality of life for its inhabitants. Space to accommodate citizens in these densely populated cities will be in short supply and high demand. Strategic shifts in the transportation industry can alleviate the lack of space for residential and commercial facilities in densely populated areas. One opportunity to mitigate this growing problem is to reduce the size of personally owned, commuter vehicles. Smaller vehicles will reduce the storage space and increase the density of vehicles on roads. Another solution gaining traction in the automotive industry today are autonomous vehicles. Autonomous technology can allow cars to travels closer to one another without increasing the likelihood of a crash. Lastly, changing the market from personally owned vehicles to fleets owned by the company to be used as public transportation would reduce the traffic density. These changes to the automotive industry will facilitate a change in the layout and packaging of commercial vehicles to meet new objectives. This paper proposes a novel corner module design that meets the market’s needs for mass production of X-by-wire systems integrated into a compact space while maintaining current levels of vehicle stability, handling and ride comfort. The proposed corner module features an in-wheel motor with electronic steering and braking. To increase the handling of the vehicle, the corner module has active camber control and can be modified for active ride height adjustment. Furthermore, the simplicity and minimal quantity of the components makes the corner module design ready for mass production. The geometry of the purposed corner module was optimized using a genetic algorithm. The objectives were to target a wheel lateral displacement of 10 cm at the −15° of camber angle and to minimize the longitudinal displacement of the wheel in a steer range of −20° to 20° at 0° of camber angle. The optimization had three types of constraints: packaging space limits, component interference and cylinder size. The optimization successfully found a solution that met both objectives while remaining within the constraints. The workspace of the wheel was limited by the rear cylinder size and the fixed length of the linkage.

Zerspanprozesse effizienter machen*/Making machining process more efficent - Recording and analysis of non-productive times in the automotive industry

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (05) ◽  
pp. 301-306
Author(s):  
T. Bosch ◽  
W. Polley ◽  
S. Schöll ◽  
P. Klemm
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Sich Eine ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Production Processes

Dieser Fachartikel geht auf die negativen Auswirkungen technischer Nebenzeiten für die Effizienz von Produktionsprozessen in der automobilen Großserienproduktion ein. Er zeigt in der Übersicht, welche Methoden sich zur Erfassung technischer Nebenzeiten eignen und welche Vor- und Nachteile sie besitzen. Nur mit diesen Erfassungsmethoden lässt sich eine effektive Minimierung von technischen Nebenzeiten erreichen. Anschließend wird ein dreistufiges Analyseverfahren präsentiert.   This article discusses the negative effects of non-productive times on the efficiency of production processes in automotive mass production. An overview shows which methods are suitable for the recording of non-productive times and their advantages and disadvantages. These recording methods are essential for the effective minimization of non-productive times. Subsequently, an analysis method, which is composed of three steps, is presented.

Remedies for Cutting Edge Failure of Carbide Hob Due to Chip Crush: Some Results of Evaluation by This Method in Automotive Industry

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaharu Komori ◽  
Masaoki Sumi ◽  
Aizoh Kubo
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Manufacturing Cost ◽  
Single Edge ◽  
Edge Failure ◽  
Tooth Flank ◽  
Dry Hobbing

Dry hobbing, for friendliness on the environment, for increasing productivity and for decreasing manufacturing cost, often suffers failure of cutting edge of hob or problems about the surface quality of tooth flank of manufactured gear. In the previous report, a simulation method to calculate the clearance between cutting edge of hob and tooth flank of work gear during hobbing process is developed. In this report, this simulation is applied to some practical industrial problems of dry hobbing, i.e. chipping failure of cutting edge of carbide hob and bad coarse scratched surface finish of hobbed tooth flank of manufactured gears, perhaps due to chip crush. The simulation explains the mechanism of such actual failures in detail. On this fact, the “Distance of Single Edge Cutting” of a hob tooth is proposed to be an index of pinching and crushing of chips that could intrude into the clearance between hob cutting edge and tooth flank of work gear. Influencing factors on it are investigated and the bases for finding countermeasures are shown. This method has been applied to some practical cases of problem in mass-production of automotive gears, and good result was confirmed.

scholarly journals Traffic Density Classification Using Twitter Data and GPS Based On Android Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Mohammad Afrizal ◽  
Idham Ananta Timur
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Road ◽  
Twitter Data ◽  
Average Accuracy ◽  
Android Applications ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The City ◽  
Special Region

Increasing the number of vehicles in Special Region of Yogyakarta caused by congestion occurred at various traffic points in Special Region of Yogyakarta. The solution to reducing congestion is by increasing the use of public transportation within the city, but it still not in demand by the public. Optimizing daily activities, community always tries to avoid the traffic density on the road to be bypassed.Some research on social media has been used to detect traffic density anomalies. However, the system still cannot provide traffic density information on roads that will be passed by the user because it is just a mapping. Based on this problem, this study aims to classify the traffic density on the road that will be passed by users in the Special Region of Yogyakarta into the category of high traffic and low traffic by utilizing Twitter and GPS data.The results show that Android Applications are able to classify traffic density on the road to be traversed using Geonames.org API. Using the naïve bayes classification algorithm, the system can classify traffic density on 14 streets with an average accuracy of 77.5%, 90% precision, 79.1% recall, and 82.8% f-score.

scholarly journals What Attributes Do Passengers Value in Electrified Buses?

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeongmin Kwon ◽  
Suji Kim ◽  
Hyungjoo Kim ◽  
Jihye Byun
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Seat Comfort ◽  
Best Worst Scaling ◽  
Transportation Sector ◽  
Political Studies ◽  
Public Transportation System ◽  
Exterior Design

The Korean government has announced plans to supply electrified buses to achieve decarbonization in the transportation sector and to create next-generation growth engines. Although a multitude of technical and political studies have been conducted to support the successful introduction of electrified buses, studies on the attitudes and perceptions of passengers toward electrified buses remain insufficient. To evaluate the perceptions and preferences of potential passengers toward the specific attributes of electrified buses, this study performed an online survey (N = 586) that includes people who had experienced travel on public buses. Values of the relative importance of eight different attributes—safety, ride comfort, environmental friendliness, exterior design, cleanliness, crowding, seat comfort, and convenience getting on/off—were evaluated using the best-worst scaling method. The results showed that safety (share of preference: 41.3%) was the most important attribute when using electrified buses. This was followed by eco-friendliness (14.3%) and ride comfort (13.6%). On the other hand, the least important attribute was exterior design (1.8%). Gender differences were also observed in the valuation of certain attributes among the passenger preferences toward electrified buses. The results of this study contribute to the development of strategies for the wide-spread adoption of electrified buses and provide a stepping-stone to a more sustainable public transportation system.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Effect of Wheel Polygons on Dynamic Track Performance in High-Speed Railway Systems Using Co-Simulation Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (19) ◽  
pp. 4165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song ◽  
Du ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Sun
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Equivalent Stress ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Harmonic Order ◽  
High Speed Railway ◽  
Von Mises Equivalent Stress ◽  
Von Mises

With increases in train speed and traffic density, problems due to wheel polygons and those caused by wheel–rail impacts will increase accordingly, which will affect train operational safety and passenger ride comfort. This paper investigates the effects of polygonal wheels on the dynamic performance of the track in a high-speed railway system. The wheel–rail interaction forces caused by wheel polygons are determined using a dynamic vehicle–track model, and the results are entered into a slab track finite element model. The influence of the harmonic order and out-of-roundness (OOR) amplitude of wheel polygons on the transient dynamic characteristics of the track(von Mises equivalent stress, displacement, and acceleration) is examined under high-speed conditions. The results indicate that the vibration acceleration and von Mises equivalent stress of the rail increase in proportion to the harmonic order and the OOR amplitude and velocity of a polygonized wheel. The vibration displacement of the rail first increases and then decreases with a change in the harmonic order, and reaches a maximum at the ninth order. The dynamic responses of the concrete slab layer, cement-asphalt layer, and support layer increase linearly with the harmonic order and amplitude of wheel polygons and decrease from top to bottom. Through a combination of numerical simulations and real-time monitoring of rail vibrations, this study provides guidance on potential sensor locations to identify polygonized wheels before they fail.

Parametric Analysis of Ride Comfort for Tilting Railway Vehicles Running on Irregular Curved Tracks

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (09) ◽  
pp. 1550056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yung-Chang Cheng ◽  
Chin-Te Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Lateral Displacement ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Roll Angle ◽  
Creep Model ◽  
Railway Vehicle ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Nonlinear Creep ◽  
Rail Irregularities ◽  
Yaw Angle

The ride comfort of a tilting railway vehicle moving on curved tracks with rail irregularities is studied. Using the nonlinear creep model and Kalker's linear theory, the governing differential equations of motion for a tilting railway vehicle running on irregular tracks are first derived. The tilting railway vehicle is modeled by a 27 degree-of-freedom (DOF) car system, considering the lateral displacement, vertical displacement, roll angle and yaw angle of both the wheelsets and bogie frames, as well as the lateral displacement, roll angle and yaw angle of the car body. Based on the international standard ISO 2631-1, the effect of vehicle speed on the ride comfort index of the tilting vehicle is investigated for various tilting angles, using both linear and nonlinear creep models, and various radii of curved tracks, as well as for various suspension parameters. Finally, the ride comfort indices computed with rail irregularities are found to be higher than those with no rail irregularities, indicating that the effect of rail irregularities on the ride comfort of a tilting vehicle cannot be disregarded in practice.

scholarly journals Analysis of Trans-Mebidang Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) Policy Implementation in North Sumatra

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1849-1859
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nizam ◽  
Rahim Matondang ◽  
Badaruddin Badaruddin
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Bus Rapid Transit ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Density Level ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Rapid Transit ◽  
Inhibiting Factors ◽  
North Sumatra

Trans Mebidang is a Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system in North Sumatra Province which operates in Medan City, Binjai City, and Deli Serdang Regency. According to the Research and Development Center for Land and Railways at the Ministry of Transportation of the Republic of Indonesia in 2014 the traffic density level in Medan City reached a V / C ratio of 0.769, this has an impact on inconvenience and increases travel time for road users. This study aims to determine the extent of the implementation of the governor's regulations and to determine the supporting and inhibiting factors for the implementation of the Trans Mebidang Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) policy in breaking down congestion in Medan City. In this study, researchers used descriptive methods with observation data collection techniques, interviews and literature studies. The data analysis technique used in this research is analysis using transcripts of the results of interviews, data reduction, analysis, data interpretation and triangulation.The results of the study, researchers found a phenomenon in the field that the implementation of policies in the Regulation of the Governor of North Sumatra Number 31 of 2014 concerning Road-Based Mass Public Transportation Services in the Urban Areas of Medan, Binjai and Deli Serdang. Based on the research focus set in accordance with Edward III's theory, the researcher can conclude that the supporting and inhibiting factors are influenced by aspects of communication, resources, disposition and bureaucratic structure, this can be seen in the summary of the research results that have been presented by the researcher in writing this thesis.

scholarly journals Green Automotive Industry: Global Trends and Challenges for Russian Car Manufacturers

2021 ◽  
Vol 291 ◽  
pp. 07007
Author(s):  
Irina Krakovskaya ◽  
Lyudmila Zhurova ◽  
Anna Shekhtman
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Electric Transport ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
New Models ◽  
Environmental Instability ◽  
Green Model ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Long Term Preservation

The transition to the “green” model of the economy is a complex strategic task that requires a combination of two development vectors: maintaining dynamic economic growth and long-term preservation of the natural environment. One of the key directions for resolving existing environmental problems is associated with decarbonization and improving the eco-friendliness of vehicles. Almost all the world’s automobile corporations are actively developing electric transport technologies and launching an increasing number of new models into mass production, offering alternative fuel sources. This paper investigates trends in the greening of the global automotive industry, the resulting threats and risks of the development of the national automotive industry, identifies the reasons for the environmental instability of the Russian automotive industry.

scholarly journals PENGARUH ERP TERHADAP PERBAIKAN PELAYANAN WAKTU TUNGGU DAN WAKTU TEMPUH TRANSJAKARTA PADA RUAS JALAN SUDIRMAN-THAMRIN

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 959
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Adiel Giovanni ◽  
Najid Najid
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Road Pricing ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Heavy Vehicles ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
The Government ◽  
Observation Method

Transjakarta is one of the public transportation facility provided by Indonesian government as a solution to decrease traffic problem, now the government plans to implement new traffic rules, Electronic Road Pricing. This study will focus on Jl. Jendral Sudirman and Jl. MH. Thamrin, this road is an access to offices and tourist attractions. To analyze vehicle volume, direct observation method will be used to get the volume, speed and traffic density. Direct observations were made by paying attention to private vehicles and heavy vehicles. With the observation data will get a graph of the relationship between speed and density that will be modified with questionnaire data. Questionnaire data is distributed to get the percentage of Transjakarta waiting time and travel time. It is expected that this analysis can find out the percentage of private vehicle users who will move to Transjakarta after the ERP implemented on the Sudirman and MH Thamrin street.ABSTRAKTransjakarta merupakan salah satu sarana transportasi umum yang diberikan pemerintah Indonesia sebagai solusi mengatasi kepadatan lalu lintas, namun untuk saat ini pemerintah berencana menerapkan aturan lalu lintas baru yaitu jalan berbayar atau Electronic Road Pricing. Pada penelitian ini, dibahas mengenai kondisi lalu lintas Jl. Jendral Sudirman dan Jl. MH. Thamrin, ruas jalan ini merupakan akses pengguna jalan untuk menuju perkantoran dan tempat wisata. Untuk menganalisa volume kendaraan akan digunakan metode observasi langsung untuk mendapatkan volume, kecepatan dan kepadatan lalu lintas. Observasi langsung dilakukan dengan memperhatikan kendaraan bermotor roda empat dan dua, serta kendaraan berat. Dengan data observasi akan didapat grafik hubungan antara kecepatan dan kedapatan yang akan dimodifikasi dengan data kuesioner. Data kuesioner disebar untuk mendapatkan persentase pelayanan waktu tunggu dan waktu tempuh bus Transjakarta, Diharapkan pada analisis ini dapat mengetahui presentase pengguna kendaraan pribadi yang akan beralih ke Transjakarta setelah diberlakukannya ERP di ruas jalan Jendral Sudirman dan MH. Thamrin. 

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