Measuring Information Content of Freehand Sketches Using a Cognitive Chunk Visualization Protocol

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiradeep Sen ◽  
Quintcey Parrish ◽  
Omar Galil
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Information Content ◽  
Spatial Relations ◽  
New Method ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Software Program ◽  
Er Model ◽  
Protocol Study

This paper first presents a protocol study and its software realization for visualizing cognitive chunks as they form in real time during freehand sketching of design concepts, and then illustrates a method and metrics for measuring the information content of freehand sketches based on those chunks. A manual protocol for detecting cognitive chunks during sketching was reported earlier. In this research, the said protocol was automated into a software program and validated in a new protocol study, using new participants. The chunks detected by the program, by definitions in cognitive science literature, serve as entities or units of information conceived at once by the designer. The relations between these entities, esp. spatial relations, are then computed using a new method, which represents the sketch as an entity-relation (ER) model. An established protocol for measuring information of ER models is then applied to compute the information content of the sketches.

scholarly journals Simple, cost-effective technique for portable digital eletrocorticography

2000 ◽  
Vol 58 (2B) ◽  
pp. 424-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAULO R. M. DE BITTENCOURT ◽  
MARCOS C. SANDMANN ◽  
MARLUS S. MORO ◽  
JOÃO C. DE ARAÚJO
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Epilepsy Surgery ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
New Method ◽  
Cortical Lesions ◽  
Effective Technique ◽  
Seizure Disorders ◽  
Operational Costs ◽  
Cost Effective Technique

We revised 16 patients submitted to epilepsy surgery using a new method of digital, real-time, portable electrocorticography. Patients were operated upon over a period of 28 months. There were no complications. The exam was useful in 13 cases. The low installation and operational costs, the reliability and simplicity of the method, indicate it may be useful for defining the epileptogenic regions in a variety of circumnstances, including surgery for tumors, vascular malformations, and other cortical lesions associated with seizure disorders.

Emotion prediction errors guide socially adaptive behavior

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Heffner ◽  
Jae-Young Son ◽  
Oriel FeldmanHall
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Adaptive Behavior ◽  
Emotional Response ◽  
New Method ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Past Work ◽  
Reward Prediction ◽  
Expected Outcomes

People make decisions based on deviations from expected outcomes, known as prediction errors. Past work has focused on reward prediction errors, largely ignoring violations of expected emotional experiences—emotion prediction errors. We leverage a new method to measure real-time fluctuations in emotion as people decide to punish or forgive others. Across four studies (N=1,016), we reveal that emotion and reward prediction errors have distinguishable contributions to choice, such that emotion prediction errors exert the strongest impact during decision-making. We additionally find that a choice to punish or forgive can be decoded in less than a second from an evolving emotional response, suggesting emotions swiftly influence choice. Finally, individuals reporting significant levels of depression exhibit selective impairments in using emotion—but not reward—prediction errors. Evidence for emotion prediction errors potently guiding social behaviors challenge standard decision-making models that have focused solely on reward.

A new method for real-time quantification of irrigant extrusion during root canal irrigationex vivo

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 619-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Psimma ◽  
C. Boutsioukis ◽  
L. Vasiliadis ◽  
E. Kastrinakis
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
New Method

A New Method for FMR1 Gene Methylation Screening by Multiplex Methylation-Specific Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 387-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjanu Hikmah Elias ◽  
Ravindran Ankathil ◽  
Abdul Razak Salmi ◽  
Wanna Sudhikaran ◽  
Pornprot Limprasert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
New Method ◽  
Fmr1 Gene ◽  
Gene Methylation ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

scholarly journals Ecological mechanisms in cognitive science

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 676-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Golonka ◽  
Andrew D. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Mechanistic Explanation ◽  
Perceptual Information ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Ecological Mechanisms

In 2010, Bechtel and Abrahamsen defined and described what it means to be a dynamic causal mechanistic explanatory model. They discussed the development of a mechanistic explanation of circadian rhythms as an exemplar of the process and challenged cognitive science to follow this example. This article takes on that challenge. A mechanistic model is one that accurately represents the real parts and operations of the mechanism being studied. These real components must be identified by an empirical programme that decomposes the system at the correct scale and localises the components in space and time. Psychological behaviour emerges from the nature of our real-time interaction with our environments—here we show that the correct scale to guide decomposition is picked out by the ecological perceptual information that enables that interaction. As proof of concept, we show that a simple model of coordinated rhythmic movement, grounded in information, is a genuine dynamical mechanistic explanation of many key coordination phenomena.

scholarly journals How do designers generate new ideas? Design heuristics across two disciplines

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seda Yilmaz ◽  
Shanna R. Daly ◽  
Colleen M. Seifert ◽  
Richard Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Concept Generation ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Design Heuristics ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Industrial Designers ◽  
Protocol Study ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Design Heuristic

Research supports the central role cognitive strategies can play in successful concept generation by individual designers. Design heuristics have been shown to facilitate the creation of new design concepts in the early, conceptual stage of the design process, as well as throughout the development of ideas. However, we know relatively little about their use in differing disciplines. This study examined evidence of design heuristic use in a protocol study with 12 mechanical engineers and 12 industrial designers who worked individually to develop multiple concepts. The open-ended design problem was for a novel product, and the designers’ sketches and comments were recorded as they worked on the problem for 25 min and in a retrospective interview. The results showed frequent use of design heuristics in both disciplines and a significant relationship to the rated creativity of the concepts. Though industrial designers used more heuristics in their concepts, there was a high degree of similarity in heuristic use. Some differences between design disciplines were observed in the choice of design heuristics, where industrial designers showed a greater emphasis on user experience, environmental contexts, and added features. These findings demonstrate the prevalence of design heuristics in individual concept generation and their effectiveness in generating creative concepts, across two design domains.

Solid Mass Flowrate Measurement System Using the Double-Elbow Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 718-720 ◽  
pp. 420-423
Author(s):  
Yan Jun Zhao ◽  
Fan Wei Meng ◽  
Bin Qu
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
New Method ◽  
Pneumatic Conveying ◽  
Solid Mass ◽  
Solid Flow ◽  
Mixture Density ◽  
Mass Flowrate ◽  
On Line ◽  
Measurement Principle ◽  
Conveying System

The gas-solid flow is widely used in the enterprises. The real-time solid mass flowrate measurement is an important role to the enterprise production. Based on the gas flowrate measurement principle of the Elbow, the new Double-Elbow real-time solid mass flowrate measurement method in the gas-solid flow is brought out in this paper. The new method can finger out the mass flowrate directly and need not measure the mixture density in advance. The instrument on measuring the solid mass flowrate is developed based on the new method; the instrument is using the 8031 as the MCU; the measurement result can be displayed on the LED. The experiment on measuring the solid mass flowrate is carried out in the pneumatic conveying system. The experimental results prove that the instrument can be real-time on-line measuring the solid mass flowrate.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document