Optimal Manual Control for Heart Rate Tracking During Treadmill Exercises

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmood Karimi ◽  
Ramesh R. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamic System ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Piecewise Constant ◽  
Optimal Protocol ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Computer Controlled

Recently, a nonlinear dynamic system has been presented to model the heart rate (HR) response during and after treadmill exercise. The parameters of the model can be estimated and individualized. Based on the nonlinear model, several control techniques for the regulation of HR during treadmill exercise have been proposed. But commercial treadmills may not have equipments to be computer-controlled. In this paper, an optimal manual method is presented to track a predefined HR trajectory. A piecewise constant speed profile is considered as the input to the system and computed by an optimization procedure offline. The objective function is constituted in term of heart rate deviation from its desired. The subject must change manually the speed of the treadmill according to the optimal protocol periodically. The time interval between two speed changes should be long enough so that the subject is able to change the speed. Also, the proposed method is such that, limited attention for control is needed and the controller is not always active.

A Comparison of Physiological Demand between Self-Propelled and Motorized Treadmill Exercise

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
Todd Backes ◽  
Charlene Takacs
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Exchange Ratio ◽  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Self ◽  
Mixing Chamber ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Computer Controlled

There are a wide range of options for individuals to choose from in order to engage in aerobic exercise; from outdoor running to computer controlled and self-propelled treadmills. Recently, self-propelled treadmills have increased in popularity and provide an alternative to a motorized treadmill. Twenty subjects (10 men, 10 women) ranging in age from 19-23 with a mean of 20.4 ± 0.8 SD were participants in this study. The subjects visited the laboratory on three occasions. The purpose of the first visit was to familiarize the subject with the self-propelled treadmill (Woodway Curve 3.0). The second visit, subjects were instructed to run on the self-propelled treadmill for 3km at a self-determined pace. Speed data were collected directly from the self-propelled treadmill. The third visit used speed data collected during the self-propelled treadmill run to create an identically paced 3km run for the subjects to perform on a motorized treadmill (COSMED T150). During both the second and third visit, oxygen consumption (VO2) and respiratory exchange ratio (R) data were collected with COSMED’s Quark cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) metabolic mixing chamber system. The VO2 mean value for the self-propelled treadmill (44.90 ± 1.65 SE ml/kg/min) was significantly greater than the motorized treadmill (34.38 ± 1.39 SE ml/kg/min). The mean R value for the self-propelled treadmill (0.91 ± 0.01 SE) was significantly greater than the motorized treadmill (0.86 ± 0.01 SE). Our study demonstrated that a 3km run on a self-propelled treadmill does elicit a greater physiological response than a 3km run at on a standard motorized treadmill. Self-propelled treadmills provide a mode of exercise that offers increased training loads and should be considered as an alternative to motorized treadmills.

An Adaptive and Learning System for Feedback-Controlled Evoked Response Studies

1981 ◽  
Vol 20 (03) ◽  
pp. 169-173
Author(s):  
J. Wagner ◽  
G. Pfurtscheixer
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activity ◽  
Evoked Response ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Electrical Brain Activity ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Eeg Power ◽  
Stimulation System ◽  
Background Eeg

The shape, latency and amplitude of changes in electrical brain activity related to a stimulus (Evoked Potential) depend both on the stimulus parameters and on the background EEG at the time of stimulation. An adaptive, learnable stimulation system is introduced, whereby the subject is stimulated (e.g. with light), whenever the EEG power is subthreshold and minimal. Additionally, the system is conceived in such a way that a certain number of stimuli could be given within a particular time interval. Related to this time criterion, the threshold specific for each subject is calculated at the beginning of the experiment (preprocessing) and adapted to the EEG power during the processing mode because of long-time fluctuations and trends in the EEG. The process of adaptation is directed by a table which contains the necessary correction numbers for the threshold. Experiences of the stimulation system are reflected in an automatic correction of this table. Because the corrected and improved table is stored after each experiment and is used as the starting table for the next experiment, the system >learns<. The system introduced here can be used both for evoked response studies and for alpha-feedback experiments.

scholarly journals Amount and location of tectonic uplift in the Urmia region of northwest Iran from the Permian to the Neogene

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akram Alizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Hypersaline Lake ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Lake Urmia ◽  
Qom Formation ◽  
Northwest Of Iran ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Orogenic Uplift ◽  
East Azerbaijan ◽  
Urmia Lake Basin

AbstractThe Urmia Lake Basin is located between the West and East Azerbaijan provinces in the northwest of Iran. Lake Urmia is the twentieth largest lake and second largest hypersaline lake in the world. Stratigraphic columns have been constructed, using published information, to compare the sedimentary units deposited from the Permian to the Neogene on the east and west sides of the lake, and to use these to quantity subsidence and uplift. East of the lake, the sedimentary section is more complete and has been the subject of detailed stratigraphic studies, including the compilation of measured sections for some units. West of the lake, the section is incomplete and less work has been done; three columns illustrate variations in the preserved stratigraphy for the time interval. In all cases, the columns are capped by the Oligocene–Miocene Qom Formation, which was deposited during a post-orogenic marine transgression and unconformably overlies units ranging from Precambrian to Cretaceous. Permian to Cretaceous stratigraphy is used to measure subsidence in the Lake Urmia basin up to the end of the Cretaceous, and then, the subsequent orogenic uplift, which was followed by further subsidence recorded by the deposition of the Qom Formation in the Oligocene–Miocene.

scholarly journals Identification of heart rate dynamics during moderate-to-vigorous treadmill exercise

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. Hunt ◽  
Simon E. Fankhauser ◽  
Jittima Saengsuwan
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Heart Rate Dynamics

Evaluation of the Impact of Short Duration Music Listening on Autonomic State (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garry Elvin ◽  
Paras Patel ◽  
Petia Sice ◽  
Chirine Riachy ◽  
Nigel Osborne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
System Response ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Music Listening ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Change In Mean

BACKGROUND Heart rate variability (HRV), or the variation in the time interval between consecutive heartbeats, is a proven measure for assessing changes in autonomic activity. An increase in variability suggests an upregulation of the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). Music was shown to have an effect on the limbic system, respiratory rate, and blood pressure. However, there have been relatively few empirical investigations on the effect of music on HRV compared to mean heart rate (HR). Also, the majority of studies have been experimental rather than interventional, reporting significant changes in HRV as a function of musical characteristics, such as tempo, genre, and valence. OBJECTIVE The aim of this pilot study is to evaluate the impact of short duration music listening on the autonomic nervous system response of healthy adults. METHODS Six participants (three males and three females) were tested to investigate the effect of listening to music on HR and HRV. Electrocardiographic (ECG) data was recorded at a sampling rate of 1000 Hz using an eMotion Faros 360 device produced by Bittium Biosignals. The data was collected while the participants listened to four pre-selected songs in a random order separated by a relaxation period of 5 minutes. Data was then cleaned and processed through Kubious HRV 2.0 software. Statistical analysis using Wilcoxon signed rank test was carried out for the time and frequency domains. RESULTS For all but one song that is shorter than 3 minutes (song 1), we observed a statistically significant increase in Standard Deviation of the RR intervals (SDRR) (song 1: P=.125, r=.333; song 2: P=.023, r=.575; song 3: P=.014, r=.635; song 4: P=.014, r=.635) and in the Low Frequency (LF) component of the cardiac spectrogram (song 1: P=.300, r=.151; song 2: P=.038, r=.514; song 3: P=.014, r=.635; song 4: P=.014, r=.635) with a large effect size r, indicating increased HRV. No significant change in mean HR was observed (song 1: P=.173 r=-.272; song 2: P=.058, r=-.454; song 3: P=.125, r=-.333; song 4: P=.232. r=-.212). CONCLUSIONS Listening to pre-selected songs of longer duration than 3 minutes 30 seconds is associated with significant increases in HRV measures, especially SDRR and LF. Music thus has the potential to overcome autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysregulation and thereby benefit health and wellbeing.

scholarly journals Optimal control of heart rate during treadmill exercise

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 503-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. Hunt ◽  
Ming Liu
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Optimal Control ◽  
Treadmill Exercise

Personalized mathematical model of endotoxin-induced inflammatory responses in young men and associated changes in heart rate variability

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Brady ◽  
D.O. Frank-Ito ◽  
H.T. Tran ◽  
S. Janum ◽  
K. Møller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Estimated Parameters ◽  
Subject Specific ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Necrosis Factor

The objective of this study was to develop a personalized inflammatory model and estimate subject-specific parameters that could be related to changes in heart rate variability (HRV), a measure that can be obtained non-invasively in real time. An inflammatory model was developed and calibrated to measurements of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) over 8 hours in 20 subjects administered a low dose of lipopolysaccharide. For this model, we estimated 11 subject-specific parameters for all 20 subjects. Estimated parameters were correlated with changes in HRV, computed from ECG measurements using a built-in HRV module available in Labchart. Results revealed that patients could be separated into two groups expressing normal and abnormal responses to endotoxin. Abnormal responders exhibited increased HRV, most likely as a result of increased vagal firing. The observed correlation between the inflammatory response and HRV brings us a step further towards understanding if HRV predictions can be used as a marker for inflammation. Analyzing HRV parameters provides an easy, non-invasively obtained measure that can be used to assess the state of the subject, potentially translating to identifying a non-invasive marker that can be used to detect the onset of sepsis.

scholarly journals Analysis of Survey Results in Terms of Selection of Characteristics of the Mining Rescuer to the Ranks of Rapid Response

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
Aneta Grodzicka ◽  
Jan Szlązak
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Risk Appetite ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Potential Member ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract The authors of the current study undertook the subject of the analysis features of the mining rescuer as a member of the ranks of the rescue, with particular emphasis on the following parameters: heart rate, body weight, height, BMI, age and seniority in the mining and rescue. This publication concerns the analysis of the test results of these characteristics rescuer as a potential member of the ranks of the rescue, taking into account its risk appetite, stress resistance, attitude towards life, the role of the team, teamwork, attitude to work, motivation to work and physical fitness.

scholarly journals Atrioventricular Conduction Time in Fetuses Assessed by Doppler Echocardiography

2011 ◽  
pp. 611-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. TOMEK ◽  
J. JANOUŠEK ◽  
O. REICH ◽  
J. GILÍK ◽  
R. A. GEBAUER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Doppler Echocardiography ◽  
Fetal Heart ◽  
Atrioventricular Conduction ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Conduction Time ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Normal Limits

We performed measurement of mechanical atrioventricular conduction time intervals in human fetuses assessed by Doppler echocardiography and provided reference values. We found that atrioventricular conduction time interval was prolonged with gestational age and decreased with increasing fetal heart rate. No correlation between gestational age and heart rate was found. Using normal limits established by this study, mechanical atrioventricular interval >135 ms in the 20th week and/or >145 ms in the 26th week of gestation could be suspected of having the first-degree AV block. We compared reference values with fetuses of mothers with anti-SSA Ro/SSB La autoantibodies, being in risk of isolated congenital heart block development. One of 21 fetuses of mothers with positive autoantibodies was affected by prolonged atrioventricular interval according to the established limits, with sinus rhythm after the birth.

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