Investigating Spontaneous Flexibility in Concept Generation

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler A. Johnson ◽  
Benjamin W. Caldwell ◽  
Matthew G. Green
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Concept Generation ◽  
Effectiveness Measure ◽  
Engineering Environment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Engineering Concept

Guilford’s Alternate Uses Test (ALTU) measures a person’s spontaneous flexibility, a propensity for generating many varied responses to a situation, by requiring them to list six possible uses for a given object. Shah’s metrics of ideation effectiveness measure the innovative qualities of engineering concepts with similar scales. The study presented in this paper explores the relationship between spontaneous flexibility and engineering concept generation through a research study. Fifty-two participants generated ideas for three items on a spontaneous flexibility test (SFT) and three problems on an engineering ideation test (EIT). The participants’ responses were analyzed for fluency and flexibility. Correlations between the SFT and EIT were identified in order to better understand the role of spontaneity and divergent thinking in an engineering environment. It was found that both fluency and flexibility of responses were strongly correlated between the two test types. It is hypothesized that the EIT complements the SFT in measuring spontaneous flexibility in engineering design.

scholarly journals Work-related curiosity positively predicts worker innovation

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 1184-1194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pinar Celik ◽  
Martin Storme ◽  
Andrès Davila ◽  
Nils Myszkowski
Keyword(s):  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Job Requirements ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Individual Work ◽  
Job Title ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between individual work-related curiosity and worker innovation and to test the mediating role of worker divergent thinking. Design/methodology/approach In all, 480 participants, holding 188 different jobs, filled in a validated work-related curiosity scale and indicated their job title. Job requirements in terms of divergent thinking and innovation − derived from the Online Information Network (O*NET) database − were used as proxies for divergent thinking and innovation skills. Findings Results indicated that individual work-related curiosity was a positive predictor of worker innovation and that worker divergent thinking mediated this relationship. Research limitations/implications Individual work-related curiosity supports exploratory skills which support in turn innovation skills. Practical implications Managers could use individual work-related curiosity as a predictor of innovation skills when recruiting, training and guiding employees. Originality/value This study is the first to show an association between individual work-related curiosity and innovation skills across more than 150 different jobs.

Cause Related Marketing and Customer Value: The Role of Service Quality and Perceived Risk as Mediators

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelleka Gupta ◽  
Alka Sharma ◽  
Aubid Hussain Parrey
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Customer Value ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Cause Related Marketing ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The present research paper is an attempt to understand the role of mediating variables in the relationship of cause related marketing and customer Value. Based on the literature review, the role of service quality and perceived risk as mediators has been analysed in depth. The data for the study has been collected from mobile subscribers of the select telecom companies that were running cause campaigns. The results of the research showed higher total effect than direct effect, which signalled the role of mediators in the relationship of cause related marketing and customer value. Furthermore it is evident from the analysis that service quality has a direct and significant impact on the relationship of Cause related marketing and customer value, as compared to the perceived risk. This research study emphasizes the role of Cause Related Marketing in enhancing customer value via service quality.

Design Whodunit: The Relationship Between Individual Characteristics and Interaction Behaviors in Design Concept Generation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeraj Sonalkar ◽  
Kathryn Jablokow ◽  
Jonathan Edelman ◽  
Ade Mabogunje ◽  
Larry Leifer
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Specific Interaction ◽  
Behavioral Model ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Concept Generation ◽  
Team Interactions ◽  
Responding To Change ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Model ◽  
Interaction Behaviors ◽  
The Relationship

This paper investigates the relationship between interaction behaviors and the cognitive characteristics of participating individuals in engineering design teams engaged in concept generation. Individual characteristics were measured using the Kirton Adaption-Innovation inventory (KAI), which assesses an individual’s cognitive preference for structure in seeking and responding to change. Team interactions were measured using the Interaction Dynamics Notation (IDN), which allows interaction behaviors to be quantitatively analyzed. A correlation analysis revealed statistically significant correlations between individual characteristics and specific interaction behaviors, and ideation utterances. An interaction sequence analysis of the team data also revealed specific interaction sequences associated with greater probabilities of idea occurrence within the team. These findings serve as a first step towards building a cognitive-behavioral model of engineering design team performance.

Assessing Creativity and Innovation at the Concept Generation Stage in Engineering Design: A Classroom Experiment

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah K. Oman ◽  
Irem Y. Tumer
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Concept Generation ◽  
Design Metrics ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Statistical Verification ◽  
Classroom Experiment ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Creativity And Innovation ◽  
Engineering Concept

This paper explores how to identify creativity factors in the early stages of engineering concept design and how to apply metrics to quantify that creativity. Prototype designs from a junior-level design course over two years are evaluated using design metrics that analyze a set of ideas based on novelty and quality. Further creativity analyses are included to statistically verify that the developed metrics are valid. Innovative products provide companies with a competitive advantage in the market to stimulate the economy. Creativity metrics will enable them to choose innovative designs in the early stages of concept design, reducing time and cost associated with uncreative design implementation. This paper will go into detail about the implementation of an “Innovation Equation” on a real-world set of designs generated by a junior-level mechanical engineering design class and statistical verification of the validity of the analysis results. Conclusions are drawn that detail the ideal procedures needed to create a successful creativity analysis using these methods.

scholarly journals Earning Management and the Role of Accounting Conservatism at Firm Level

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Haque ◽  
Azhar Mughal ◽  
Zohaib Zahid
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Accounting Conservatism ◽  
Earning Management ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Conservative Group ◽  
Reporting Practices ◽  
High Earning ◽  
The Relationship

<p>Accounting conservatism and earning management are very much pervasive in financial reporting practices. Therefore, this research study aims to investigate the relationship between accounting conservatism and earning management by using a sample of 317 non-financial Pakistani firms consisting of 4204 firm-years over the period 1999-2013. Conservatism at the firm level is estimated by using the C-Score measure and earning management is observed by calculating discretionary accruals. The estimated results show that one fourth (86 firms) of the sample is highly conservative; out of these 76% (65 firms) showed least earning management (Earning management&lt;Q<sub>1</sub>) while 24% (21 firms) showed moderate earning management (Q<sub>1</sub>&lt;Earning management&lt;Q<sub>3</sub>). On the other hand, in the least conservative group, 71% (57 firms) showed high earning management (Earning management &gt; Q<sub>3</sub>) and 29% (23 firms) showed earning management at a moderate level (Q<sub>1</sub>&lt;Earning management&lt;Q<sub>3</sub>). Thus the findings of the study reveal a negative association between accounting conservatism and earning management.</p>

In Defense of Engineering Sciences

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mieke Boon ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Philosophy Of Technology ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Scientific Practices ◽  
Engineering Sciences ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship

This article presents an overview of discussions in the philosophy of technology on epistemological relations between science and technology, illustrating that often several mutually entangled issues are at stake. The focus is on conceptual and ideological issues concerning the relationship between scientific and technological knowledge. It argues that a widely accepted hierarchy between science and technology, which echoes classic conceptions of epistêmê and technê, engendered the need of emancipating technology from science, thus shifting focus to epistemic aspects of engineering design and design methodology at the cost of in-depth philosophical analysis of the role of scientific research in the engineering sciences. Consequently, the majority of current literature on this topic in the philosophy of technology presents technology as almost completely divided from and independent of science, thereby losing sight of the epistemic relations between contemporary scientific practices and technology.

scholarly journals New Media, New Literacies and the Adolescent Learner

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janette Hughes
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Creative Process ◽  
Research Study ◽  
New Literacies ◽  
Creative Processes ◽  
Adolescent Students ◽  
The Relationship

The goal of this research study was to develop a conceptualization of the relationship between new digital media and adolescent students' writing of poetry while immersed in using new media. More specifically, the research focused on the performative affordances of new media and how these interacted with the students' creative processes as they created digital poems. The article examines eight themes that emerged during the study, including the multimodal, multilinear and collaborative nature of the poems, the role of audience and identity in the creative process, and the shifting views of poetry the students experienced.

scholarly journals The Relationship of Intra-Individual Release Variability with Distance and Shooting Performance in Basketball

2021 ◽  
pp. 508-515
Author(s):  
Nathan Slegers ◽  
Davin Lee ◽  
Grant Wong
Keyword(s):  
Control Release ◽  
Body Motion ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Gradient Based ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Basketball Shooting

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of release parameter changes within individuals (intra-individual) on basketball shooting performance across both free throws and three-point shots, and identify whether any velocity dependence exists. Twelve male basketball players were recorded shooting seventy-five three-point shots (6.75 m) and fifty free throws (4.19 m). Ball release parameters were estimated by combining an analytic trajectory model including drag, a least squares estimator, and gradient-based release distance compensation. Intra-individual release velocity standard deviations (SD) were found to be significantly smaller across all distances ([0.05-0.13 m/s] when compared to statistics reported by other studies [0.2-0.8 m/s]). Despite an increase in lower body motion and a 24% increase in release velocity (p < 0.001) as shooting distance increased, no increases in intra-individual release velocity or angle SD were observed indicating velocity-dependent changes in release parameters were absent. Shooting performance was found to be strongly correlated to the release velocity SD (r = -0.96, p < 0.001, for three-point shots, and r = -0.88, p < 0.001, for free throws). Release angle SD (1.2 ± 0.24 deg, for three-point shots, and 1.3 ± 0.26 deg, for free throws) showed no increase with distance and unrelated to performance. These findings suggest that velocity-dependent factors have minimal contribution to shooting strategies and an individual’s ability to control release velocity at any distance is a primary factor in determining their shooting performance.

scholarly journals Self-Regulation in Creative Learning: Agentic Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-71
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Zielińska ◽  
Izabela Lebuda ◽  
Dorota M. Jankowska ◽  
Maciej Karwowski
Keyword(s):  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Creative Agency ◽  
Regulatory Strategies ◽  
Creative Solutions ◽  
Creative Learning ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
School Tasks

Abstract Creativity is agentic, and so is learning. People create and learn new things most effectively when they are convinced that they can respond appropriately to the task (creative confidence) and value the activity at hand. This investigation explores the role of the relatively understudied aspect of creative agency: self-regulatory strategies. In a longitudinal study, we tested whether self-regulation strategies, previously found to be essential drivers of academic achievement and learning in general (rehearsal, elaboration, critical thinking, and metacognition), might also support creativity in learning. Specifically, we tested sequential mediation, where creative confidence and self-regulation longitudinally mediated the relationship between creative potential (divergent thinking) and effective application of creative skills to solve problems embedded in school subjects. Our findings confirm that self-regulatory strategies predict providing creative solutions to school tasks (a proxy of creative learning) and mediate the relationship between divergent thinking, creative confidence, and creative learning.

CO2 release patterns in Drosophila melanogaster: the effect of selection for desiccation resistance.

1997 ◽  
Vol 200 (3) ◽  
pp. 615-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
A E Williams ◽  
M R Rose ◽  
T J Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Desiccation Resistance ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Dry Air ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Selection For ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Co2 Release

We used laboratory natural selection on insects as a means of investigating the role of patterns of gas exchange in desiccation resistance. We used 15 populations of Drosophila melanogaster: five selected for desiccation resistance, five control populations and five ancestral populations. Using flow-through respirometry, we found that D. melanogaster from all populations produced irregular peaks of CO2 release. To quantify the height and frequency of these peaks, we used the standard error of a linear regression (SER) through the recordings of CO2 release. The values for the SER were significantly larger in the populations selected for desiccation resistance than in the control and ancestral populations. Occasionally, highly periodic peaks of CO2 release were observed in the desiccation-resistant populations only. Maximum SER was found to be strongly correlated with survival time in dry air among selection treatments, but not among individuals within a population. Access to dietary water resulted in lower SER values. These data demonstrate that gas exchange is physiologically controlled in Drosophila melanogaster and that the pattern of gas exchange can change under selection. The relationship between these CO2 release patterns and classic discontinuous ventilation is discussed.

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