Development of a Biomimetic Vibrotactile Sensor for Dynamic Deformation With an Array of Polymer Structures

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Young Choi ◽  
Baek Chul Kim ◽  
Ja Choon Koo
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Dynamic Deformation ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Electrical Signal ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Static Deformation ◽  
Skin Deformation ◽  
Vibration Sensing ◽  
Finger Skin

Humans can discriminate surface roughness using fingertip’s touch. It is believed that surface roughness is perceived by static and dynamic deformation of human skin. Recent findings have shown that subcutaneous slowly adapting mechanoreceptor (SA) detect static deformation of finger skin. However, there are difficulties to infinitely increase density of SA in limited skin space. [1] So, we focused on dynamic deformation is related with rapidly adapting mechanoreceptor (RA). In the process of scanning surface of objects with fingertips, RA detects vibrations induced by skin deformation. In this study, we suggest that sensors mimicking roles of RA can detect surface roughness. We used a polymer having similar characteristics of skin surface that transduce physical vibrations into electrical signal. And an array of polymer structures discriminates surface roughness. In other researches, they were tried to use one mechanoreceptor to acquire total range of vibrations. From the point of view which RAs have different vibration sensing ranges, we divided range of vibration through polymer structures and analyzed frequency element.

Acoustic Tribology of Human Skin

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Zahouani ◽  
F. Flament ◽  
R. Vargiolu ◽  
A. Le Bot ◽  
A. Mavon
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Acoustic Emission ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Friction Mechanisms ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Friction Test ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Acoustic Signatures ◽  
Properties Of Materials

From the point of view of the tribology of the touch quality, when one speaks about softness of an object, one very easily associates it his roughness, the friction and the mechanical properties of materials [1,2,3]. With regard to the human skin, the stratum corneum (SC), or cornea layer, is the part of skin surface, which is permanently requested during a friction test. In this work, we present a new approach developed in our laboratory, in order to understand the friction mechanisms of the human skin, and to identify the acoustic, signatures which can be correlated with the touch quality. The results show that the acoustic emission is correlated the stiffness and roughness of the stratum coreneum. The application to the analysis of ageing, show clearly the increase of acoustic emission during ageing of human skin.

Relationship between dermal birefringence and the skin surface roughness of photoaged human skin

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 044032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shingo Sakai ◽  
Noriaki Nakagawa ◽  
Masahiro Yamanari ◽  
Arata Miyazawa ◽  
Yoshiaki Yasuno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Skin Surface Roughness

Effect of Surface Roughness on Single Cryogen Droplet Spreading

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Liu ◽  
Walfre Franco ◽  
Guillermo Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Droplet Diameter ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Skin Layer ◽  
Droplet Spreading ◽  
Viscous Boundary Layer ◽  
Superficial Skin ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Effect Of Surface

Cryogen spray cooling is an auxiliary procedure to dermatologic laser surgery, which consists of precooling the superficial skin layer (epidermis) during laser irradiation of subsurface targets to avoid nonspecific epidermal thermal damage. While previous studies have investigated the interaction of cryogen sprays with microscopically smooth human skin models, it is important to recognize that real human skin surface is far from smooth. With the objective to provide physical insight into the interaction between cryogen sprays and human skin, we study the effect of surface roughness on the impact dynamics of single cryogen droplets falling on skin models of various roughnesses (0.5–70μm). We first develop a theoretical model to predict the maximum spread diameter (Dm) following droplet impingement based on a similarity approximation to the solution of a viscous boundary layer that incorporates friction as the major source of viscous dissipation on a rough surface. Then, we measure the droplet diameter, impact velocity, and Dm of cryogen droplets falling by gravity onto skin models. Experimental data prove that the proposed model predicts Dm with good accuracy, suggesting that the effects of surface roughness and friction on Dm are properly taken into account for the range of surface roughness studied herein.

The Effect of Roughness on the Impact Dynamics and Heat Transfer of Cryogen Droplets Impinging Onto Indented Skin Phantoms

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Liu ◽  
Walfre Franco ◽  
Guillermo Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Spray Deposition ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Impact Dynamics ◽  
Large Momentum ◽  
Superficial Skin ◽  
The Impact

Laser dermatological surgery (LDS) is the preferred therapeutic modality for various dermatoses, including port wine stain (PWS) birthmarks. LDS is commonly used in conjunction with cryogen spray cooling, which is an auxiliary procedure that pre-cools the superficial skin layer (epidermis) prior to laser irradiation to avoid non-specific and excessive epidermal heating. Clinical observations show that skin indents markedly during spray deposition due to the large momentum of cryogen droplets. Furthermore, the human skin surface is far from smooth. Therefore, with the objective to provide some insight into the interaction between cryogen sprays and the rough and deformable human skin surface, the impingement dynamics and heat transfer induced by single cryogen droplets falling on rough and indented skin phantoms are present in this paper. Epoxy skin phantoms with a constant semispherical indentation of depth and radius of 2.44 mm and 6.34 mm, respectively, were used to simulate indented skin. Each phantom had a different surface roughnesses varying from 0.5 μm to 50μm. The experiments were carried out within a pressurized chamber to control or eliminate droplet evaporation. A high-speed camera and the temperature sensors placed on the upper surface of the skin phantoms were synchronized to record the impact dynamics and temperature changes as cryogen droplets fell on them. The results show that the surface roughness affects the impact dynamics and heat transfer during single droplet impingement. As the surface roughness (Ra) increasing, the heat flux decrease.

Enzymatic Determination of Hydroxysteroids in Human Skin Surface Lipids1

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 265-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J Cook ◽  
Allan L Lorincz ◽  
Alan R Spector
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Enzymatic Determination

Quantitative Evaluation of Skin Surface Roughness Using Optical Coherence Tomography In Vivo

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanzhar Askaruly ◽  
Yujin Ahn ◽  
Hyeongeun Kim ◽  
Andrey Vavilin ◽  
Sungbea Ban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Quantitative Evaluation ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Skin Surface Roughness

scholarly journals Host/Malassezia Interaction: A Quantitative, Non-Invasive Method Profiling Oxylipin Production Associates Human Skin Eicosanoids with Malassezia

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 700
Author(s):  
Yohannes Abere Ambaw ◽  
Martin P. Pagac ◽  
Antony S. Irudayaswamy ◽  
Manfred Raida ◽  
Anne K. Bendt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Lipid Mediators ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Human Immune System ◽  
Plant Host

Malassezia are common components of human skin, and as the dominant human skin eukaryotic microbe, they take part in complex microbe–host interactions. Other phylogenetically related fungi (including within Ustilagomycotina) communicate with their plant host through bioactive oxygenated polyunsaturated fatty acids, generally known as oxylipins, by regulating the plant immune system to increase their virulence. Oxylipins are similar in structure and function to human eicosanoids, which modulate the human immune system. This study reports the development of a highly sensitive mass-spectrometry-based method to capture and quantify bioactive oxygenated polyunsaturated fatty acids from the human skin surface and in vitro Malassezia cultures. It confirms that Malassezia are capable of synthesizing eicosanoid-like lipid mediators in vitro in a species dependent manner, many of which are found on human skin. This method enables sensitive identification and quantification of bioactive lipid mediators from human skin that may be derived from metabolic pathways shared between skin and its microbial residents. This enables better cross-disciplinary and detailed studies to dissect the interaction between Malassezia and human skin, and to identify potential intervention points to promote or abrogate inflammation and to improve human skin health.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document