Identifying Opportunities for the Design of Innovative Reconfigurable Robotics

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Sosa ◽  
Kristin L. Wood ◽  
Rajesh E. Mohan
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Semantic Representation ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Qualitative Reasoning ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Large Solution ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Systematic Identification ◽  
Key Terms ◽  
Reconfigurable Robotics

The creative design of reconfigurable robots presents challenges that can be tackled by the application of transformation principles for innovative design. This paper extends previous work in the systematic extraction of transformation principles in mechanical systems and reports new results that apply to the design of innovative reconfigurable robotics. Definitions of key terms are revised and a deductive research approach is used to expand and complement the conceptual classification of design operators (principles, facilitators and guidelines) based on semantic analysis of lexical structure, written and spoken conventions. The aim of this work is to produce a comprehensive taxonomy and semantic representation that can be used in the systematic identification of opportunities for the design of innovative solutions in reconfigurable robotics. This semantically robust, comprehensive and cross-domain conceptual taxonomy is tested in the mapping of large knowledge bases, demonstrating its potential to characterize large solution spaces and to identify new opportunities for the design of innovative solutions. Specialized assessments in the area of robotics and design show that this method successfully captures the qualitative reasoning of seasoned practitioners and has a clear potential to inform the design of innovative transformer designs.

Logical aspects of experimental design and analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 142-151
Author(s):  
Валерий Иванович Хабаров
Keyword(s):  
Model Theory ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Intelligent System ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Object Identification ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Applied Theory ◽  
Formal Representation ◽  
Active Object

Предложена схема формализации задач активной идентификации объекта с использованием аппарата теории моделей - современного раздела математической логики. Теория моделей позволяет погрузить предмет “планирование и анализ эксперимента” в контекст семантического анализа. Семантический анализ понимается как установление соответствия между миром и его формальным представлением. С этой точки зрения представления об исследуемом объекте выражаются в некоторой прикладной теории. Предложен вывод модели для данной теории как процесс интерпретации, в котором ключевая роль отводится “экспериментатору”. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы при проектировании архитектур интеллектуальных систем для экспериментальных исследований, для построения онтологии эксперимента, создания баз знаний Purpose. The purpose of this work is to formalize the tasks of active object identification based on the apparatus of model theory - a modern section of mathematical logic. Model theory allows putting the subject “planning and analysis of an experiment” in the context of semantic analysis. Semantic analysis is understood as establishing a correspondence between the world and its formal representation. From this point of view, the concept of the object under study is expressed in some applied theory, which allows applying formal methods of model theory to it. Methods. It is assumed that the model is derived for this theory as an interpretation process, in which the key role is assigned to the experimenter. As a research method, it is proposed to use commutative diagrams that reflect the process of interpretation and extension of communication diagrams for the so-called equipped theories of planning and analysis of experiments. Results. The properties of the proposed models are proved and examples for planning a regression experiment are presented as an illustration. It is proved that for linear models it is possible to construct a finitely axiomatization capable theory. Findings, originality. The obtained results can be used in the design of architectures for an intelligent system in experimental research, building an experiment ontology and creation of knowledge bases. These studies will allow using logical programming to implement images of the presented commutative diagrams for equipped theories as applied systems for planning and interpreting the experiment

scholarly journals A Semantic Analysis of Personal Names in Datooga Society

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-105
Author(s):  
Mary Zacharia Charwi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
College Of Education ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
Modal Argument

Abstract Naming can sometimes be associated with particular situations or someone’s birth. This study intends to find out the association between Datooga names and socio-cultural backgrounds. The study employs a qualitative research approach, in which case the collected data was subjected to descriptive analysis. Data have been collected from Datooga speaking students studying at the Dar es Salaam University College of Education, through Interviews and Questionnaire. The analysis is based on the Kripke’s three arguments in naming as described by Speaks (2007). The theory explains how naming is achieved with reference to the modal argument, the semantic argument and the epistemic argument. The findings of the study have revealed that in the Datooga society, naming is associated with different phenomena particularly time of birth and prevailing situations, traditions, norms and customs.

Structured Representation of Drug Indications: Lexical and Semantic Analysis and Object-Oriented Modeling

2000 ◽  
Vol 39 (01) ◽  
pp. 83-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Duclos ◽  
A. Venot
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language Processing ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Drug Prescription ◽  
Object Oriented ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Single File ◽  
Drug Knowledge ◽  
Processing Software ◽  
Structured Representation

Abstract:No standardized representation of drug indications is currently available that could be used in drug knowledge bases. We describe an object-oriented representation of indications that should make it possible to develop new tools for selecting drugs and checking prescriptions in computerized drug prescription systems. The model was developed using the results of a lexical and semantic analysis of drug indications, collected into a single file and processed using natural language processing software. It distinguishes both the diseases for which the drug may be given and the efficiency of the drug for a given indication. Two aspects of the model were evaluated: the differences if two independent evaluators filled the attributes independently and the loss of information induced by the use of the model. A system based on this model, making it possible for the physician to select all the drugs satisfying various criteria, is also presented.

scholarly journals Semantic Representation of Social and Role Identification in Subject Self-Organization of Personality

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Dyakov
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Semantic Representation ◽  
Level Structure ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Theoretical Data ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Role Identification

Objective. Based on the psycholongvistic approach, which is widely represented in world personology and psychosemantics, revealing the subjective descriptive characteristics of a person, an attempt is made to build a model and diagnostic technique for mental personality self-organization (PSO). Material and method. The psycholinguistic method of theoretical structuring and systematization of scientific and theoretical data is presented in the perspective of the subjective paradigm and methodology of the system-synergetic approach (psychological and philosophical) is presented in the construction of a categorical-conceptual model of subjectivity in PSO. Based on the method of categorical-conceptual modeling, a model and methodology for semantic analysis and assessment of subjectness self-organization of personality based on individual characteristics of the experience of social-role identification, reflecting the characteristics of feelings and constructs of understanding that determine the conscious will of the subject, is developed. Results. Psycholinguistic scales of semantic constructs are highlighted of the psychic (functional and motivational) and activity (professional, business, and creative) levels of subjectivity are distinguished. The empirical material reflects the verification of the semantic model and methodology. Modified repertoire lattices by J. Kelly and expert assessment in semantic analysis and classification of constructs served as a method of collecting empirical data. An array of constructs obtained (N=2000) reflects the well-known categorical-conceptual aspects of psychic phenomena (processes-states-properties) and external environmental and sociocultural characteristics, thus revealing the socio-psychological aspects of social-role personality identification, which allows analysis and subjectness assessment. Findings. The presented semantic scales of qualities and personality traits (factors of socio-psychological identification) reveal the systemic relationship and the level structure of the PSO, and also make it possible to assess subjectness.

scholarly journals Negative Information: Statement of Fact or Expression of Opinion?

2016 ◽  
pp. 132-145
Author(s):  
O. V. Kukushkina
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Negative Information ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Factual Information ◽  
Forensic Linguistics ◽  
Past Action ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Key Terms ◽  
Semantic Parameters

The paper explores the key problems of establishing the type of negative information and differentiating between facts and opinions. This is one of the most challenging problems of forensic linguistics that requires a robust methodological framework to be tackled successfully. When faced with this problem, the expert has to deal with the ambiguity of terminology and wording of questions, as well as the complexity of the object of study – the semantics of statements encountered in acts of speech. The paper analyzes the content of key terms traditionally used to address this forensic problem, and offers a possible solution. The so-called “factual square” is a method based on analyzing a statement against four semantic parameters: presence of statement of past action; verifiability of this statement on the basis of specificity of description of the action and its potential observability; lack of alternative, i.e. indication of a different possibility; the purpose of conveying negative information. The paper also analyzes the basic types of factual information and offers specific examples of semantic analysis of statements using the proposed approach.

scholarly journals Students’ Understanding on Spoken Discourse in The Context of English Language Teaching (ELT) at University

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 265
Author(s):  
Dias Andris Susanto ◽  
Masitoh Oktavia ◽  
Lina Tri Astuty Beru Sembiring
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Language Education ◽  
English Language Teaching ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
English Language Education ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Spoken Discourse ◽  
Key Terms

Abstract. This is a case study on students’ understanding towards a subject of discourse analysis at English language education study program at University in Indonesia. The goal of this study is to describe the definitions, the examples, and the applications of spoken discourse analysis on their context of English language teaching (ELT). The writers used qualitative research approach to analyze these data through implementing Atlas.ti8 which is known as the tool of analyzing the field qualitative data. The sample was the students of 7th grade semester consisting 30 people. In collecting the data, we used online direct interview in the classroom and by time they replied the questions on the time using the google form by Microsoft. In analyzing the data, we used atlas.ti.8 online to draw the result of the research as followings; that students’ understanding about the definitions of spoken discourse analysis have some various key terms like; -a research method of spoken language, -knowledge of language, how language used, study of language, and study of the texts. Then, its examples are; they can picturize as; speaking on the phone, conversation, interview, putting markers, turn taking, group of discussion, using advertisement, people interaction, joke, speech, also transferring information. Moreover, its applications are such as; communicating with teachers/parents, interacting with students/people, go to the market, baby crying, ceremony, and communicating with friends. The conclusion is that spoken discourse analysis has been understood by students even though it is not easy to define, giving example and declaring the application in the real context English language teaching. Keywords: students’ understanding, spoken discourse analysis, ELT

scholarly journals Understanding Societal Resilience

2021 ◽  
pp. 551-564
Author(s):  
Rosanne Anholt ◽  
Caroline van Dullemen ◽  
Juliana Santos de Carvalho ◽  
Joris Rijbroek ◽  
Stijn Sieckelinck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Approach ◽  
Scholarly Work ◽  
Critical Research ◽  
Research Methodologies ◽  
Social Concept ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Societal Resilience ◽  
Societal Problems

Societal resilience is an emerging paradigm. It refers to responses and strategies at the level of individuals, groups, organizations, and societies that are dealing with complex societal problems. At the same time, these responses contribute to innovative solutions that make society more resilient to current and future challenges. Societal resilience is, however, conceptually relatively undefined. This ambiguity is generally seen as problematic for scholarly work. In this chapter, the authors show that societal resilience is an important social concept because of its openness. To study resilience requires research methodologies that engage many actual stakeholders. Collaborating with societal stakeholders allows not only for co-generating knowledge of local relevance, but also stimulating a comprehensive and critical research approach. Therefore, the current openness of societal resilience does not constitute an undesirable theory gap. It enables the possibility of having plural perspectives based on the complex realities on the ground.

scholarly journals Remote working challenges for Georgian social enterprises in the context of the current pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-53
Author(s):  
Iza Gigauri ◽  
Kakhaber Djakeli
Keyword(s):  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Market Failure ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Depth Interviews

Abstract The lockdown regulations aiming at avoiding the spread of the new coronavirus COVID-19 have caused disruptions in organizations of all types or sizes. In order to survive and remain competitive, enterprises have moved online. In line with the dramatic changes around the globe triggered by the regulations as a part of preventive measures, social enterprises switched to working from home. As a result, entrepreneurs have to learn new digital skills to capture the potential of digitalization as it is considered to have an ability to accelerate economic recovery after the pandemic. Yet digitalization influences organizational processes and operations and requires changes in strategies. In light of these transformations, researching social enterprises from different angles is of particular importance when economies are facing the threat of recession, as social entrepreneurship addresses market failure and can tackle social problems. Social entrepreneurs can find innovative solutions to modern challenges and help society and economies to transform. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the feasibility of remote working and digitalization in social enterprises. The paper outlines remote working concerns in social enterprises in the Republic of Georgia and analyses flextime opportunities for enterprise employees. The empirical study is based on a qualitative research approach. In-depth interviews were conducted with the seventeen Georgian social entrepreneurs to explore the research questions. The paper contributes to understanding remote working in social enterprises and offers suggestions for future study directions in this under-researched area.

scholarly journals MAKNA ŪLŪ AL-ALBĀB DALAM AL-QUR’AN: Analisis Semantik Toshihiko Izutsu

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Eko Zulfikar
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Basic Meaning ◽  
Paradigmatic Analysis ◽  
The One ◽  
Key Terms

<p><strong>Abstract: </strong><em>One of the words of the Qur’an which shows the meaning of the one who possesses knowledge is </em><em>ūlū al-a</em><em>lbāb. Ū</em><em>lū al-a</em><em>lbāb is the 16 terms mentioned in 10 letters in the Qur</em><em>’an. Every verse contained in various letters certainly has a different meaning, so it requires a deep understanding. Disclosure of the meaning </em><em>ūlū al-a</em><em>lbāb will be analyzed by the author by using semantic al-Qur'an developed by Toshihiko Izutsu. The semantic of the Qur’an according to Izutsu is an attempt to expose the worldview of the Qur</em><em>’an (weltanschauung) through semantic analysis of the vocabulary or key terms of the Qur</em><em>’an. The process undertaken in this study is to examine the basic meaning and relational meaning of </em><em>ūlū al-a</em><em>lbāb by using syntagmatic and paradigmatic analysis, then to examine the use of vocabulary </em><em>ūlū al-a</em><em>lbāb in pre-Qur</em><em>’anic, Qur</em><em>’anic and post-Qur’anic.</em></p><p><strong><strong>Abstrak: </strong></strong>Salah satu kata al-Qur’an yang menunjukkan makna orang yang memiliki akal pengetahuan adalah <em>ūlū al-albāb. Ūlū al-albāb</em> merupakan istilah yang disebutkan sebanyak 16 kali yang terliput dalam 10 surah di dalam al-Qur’an. Di setiap ayat yang terdapat di berbagai surah tentunya memiliki makna yang berbeda, sehingga membutuhkan pemahaman yang mendalam. Peng­ungkapan makna <em>ūlū al-albāb</em> tersebut akan penulis analisa dengan meng­gunakan semantik al-Qur’an yang dikembangkan oleh Toshihiko Izutsu. Semantik al-Qur’an menurut Izutsu merupakan sebuah usaha menyingkap pandangan dunia al-Qur’an (<em>weltanschauung</em>) melalui analisis semantik terhadap kosakata atau istilah-istilah kunci al-Qur’an. Proses yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah meneliti makna dasar dan makna relasional kata <em>ūlū al-albāb</em> dengan menggunakan analisis sintagmatik dan paradigmatik, kemudian meneliti penggunaan kosakata <em>ūlū al-albāb</em> pada masa <em>pra-Qur’anik, Qur’anik </em>dan <em>pasca-Qur’anik.</em></p>

scholarly journals Vector-Space Models of Semantic Representation From a Cognitive Perspective: A Discussion of Common Misconceptions

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1006-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fritz Günther ◽  
Luca Rinaldi ◽  
Marco Marelli
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Semantic Representation ◽  
Grounded Cognition ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cognitive Sciences ◽  
Cognitive Perspective ◽  
The Past ◽  
Language Environment ◽  
Common Misconceptions

Models that represent meaning as high-dimensional numerical vectors—such as latent semantic analysis (LSA), hyperspace analogue to language (HAL), bound encoding of the aggregate language environment (BEAGLE), topic models, global vectors (GloVe), and word2vec—have been introduced as extremely powerful machine-learning proxies for human semantic representations and have seen an explosive rise in popularity over the past 2 decades. However, despite their considerable advancements and spread in the cognitive sciences, one can observe problems associated with the adequate presentation and understanding of some of their features. Indeed, when these models are examined from a cognitive perspective, a number of unfounded arguments tend to appear in the psychological literature. In this article, we review the most common of these arguments and discuss (a) what exactly these models represent at the implementational level and their plausibility as a cognitive theory, (b) how they deal with various aspects of meaning such as polysemy or compositionality, and (c) how they relate to the debate on embodied and grounded cognition. We identify common misconceptions that arise as a result of incomplete descriptions, outdated arguments, and unclear distinctions between theory and implementation of the models. We clarify and amend these points to provide a theoretical basis for future research and discussions on vector models of semantic representation.

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