Automated Silverware Sorting Using Vision Based Detection and Recognition Driving Pneumatically Actuated Mechanisms

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Asmari ◽  
Lawrence L. Hoberock
Keyword(s):  
Proper Time ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Pneumatic Actuators ◽  
System A ◽  
Manual Sorting ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Sorting Process ◽  
Design Construction ◽  
Detection And Recognition

Manual Sorting of silverware pieces after being washed by a high-volume commercial dishwasher is a costly and time consuming process which can be improved by automation. This paper describes the design, construction, and testing of an automated silverware sorting process. The process employs machine vision with simple, but effective, high-volume mechanisms to detect the type and orientation of different types of silverware pieces and place them into different bins. The project was conducted in two major phases: 1) Design and Construction of the Mechanism: a simple and effective mechanism was designed to sort the pieces into separate bins off of a conveyor belt. Pneumatic actuators provided the key mechanical sorting. 2) Design of the Control System: a computer program was developed that detects the entrance of a piece into the machine and recognizes the type and orientation of each silverware piece using computer vision techniques. The software then commands the proper mechanical component at the proper time to actuate, so that each piece ends up in the designated bin. The machine was tested with different silverware input sequences The accuracy of the software in identifying the type and direction of the pieces, the accuracy of the mechanical system in sorting the pieces, and the accuracy of the overall system were found to be 100%, 90.63% and 88.75% respectively.

scholarly journals Design and Fabrication of Automatic Sorting Machine using Arduino

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
Kadole Pavan Prabhakar ◽  
Choudhury Rajat Kumar Pattnaik ◽  
Akash Kumar Nath ◽  
Aditya Dubey ◽  
KM Vishall Somaiya
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Conveyor System ◽  
Automatic Sorting ◽  
Manual Sorting ◽  
Ir Sensors ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Transport Line ◽  
Time Required

This work is based on Design of a transport line conveyor belt for sorting and arranging products based on their height using the IR sensors for detecting the object and mechanism to drive the conveyor belt. The project is locally controlled by the use of Arduino based embedded system. The automatic sorting and arranging machine are used to sort the different types of products based on the product height. This automation significantly reduces the time required for manual sorting in the production line of small/medium scale industries and hence it also decreases the percentage of human error during sorting/arranging. The products are placed on the transport line conveyor system and as it moves on the conveyor it is scanned by the IR sensor, depending on the height of the product these will be sorted into different bins automatically.

Effectiveness of Truck Rollover Warning Systems

2001 ◽  
Vol 1779 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Baker ◽  
Rob Bushman ◽  
Curtis Berthelot
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Commercial Vehicles ◽  
Decision Criteria ◽  
Warning Messages ◽  
System A ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Rollover Warning

Different types of intelligent rollover system deployed by road agencies across North America are investigated. The importance of weight is addressed for maximum effectiveness of rollover warning messages for commercial vehicles in a potential rollover situation on sharp curves or exit ramps. The type of information that may be used to activate a rollover is discussed to analyze the number of correctly warned vehicles compared with the number of false warnings generated by the rollover warning system. A case study of the effectiveness of an intelligent rollover system is presented. On the basis of this case study, it was found that speed-based rollover warning systems generated anywhere from 44 percent to 49 percent more false rollover warnings for commercial vehicles than did rollover warning systems that employed weight information in the rollover decision criteria.

Key principles for the improved conduct of health technology assessments for resource allocation decisions

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (03) ◽  
pp. 244-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F. Drummond ◽  
J. Sanford Schwartz ◽  
Bengt Jönsson ◽  
Bryan R. Luce ◽  
Peter J. Neumann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Resource Allocation Decision ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Allocation Decision ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
System A ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Allocation Decisions

Health technology assessment (HTA) is a dynamic, rapidly evolving process, embracing different types of assessments that inform real-world decisions about the value (i.e., benefits, risks, and costs) of new and existing technologies. Historically, most HTA agencies have focused on producing high quality assessment reports that can be used by a range of decision makers. However, increasingly organizations are undertaking or commissioning HTAs to inform a particular resource allocation decision, such as listing a drug on a national or local formulary, defining the range of coverage under insurance plans, or issuing mandatory guidance on the use of health technologies in a particular healthcare system. A set of fifteen principles that can be used in assessing existing or establishing new HTA activities is proposed, providing examples from existing HTA programs. The principal focus is on those HTA activities that are linked to, or include, a particular resource allocation decision. In these HTAs, the consideration of both costs and benefits, in an economic evaluation, is critical. It is also important to consider the link between the HTA and the decision that will follow. The principles are organized into four sections: (i) “Structure” of HTA programs; (ii) “Methods” of HTA; (iii) “Processes for Conduct” of HTA; and (iv) “Use of HTAs in Decision Making.”

The thrust measurement system research for combined nozzle in small space

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1149-1159
Author(s):  
Yonghua Lu ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Xiang Zhang ◽  
Yang Li
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Force Sensor ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Small Space ◽  
System A ◽  
Calibration Experiment ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Thrust Measurement ◽  
Nozzle Thrust ◽  
Thrust Forces

For measuring the thrust of combined nozzles in satellite thruster with a small space, the test method that the nozzle directly sprays on the load baffle is employed in this paper. The key problem is how to design the positions of 10 load baffles and how to construct the measurement system. A set of complete and automatic nozzle thrust measurement system is designed and built, and the influence of the load baffle applied on the flow field of nozzles is analyzed using the software FLUENT. Furthermore, the load surface locations of the sensors for the different types of nozzles are analyzed. We draw the conclusion that the load baffle position should range from 4–8 mm for the I-type nozzle and range in 6–12 mm for II-type and III-type nozzle. The correction coefficients of the thrust forces for all channels of the measurement system are determined in the calibration experiment. The uncertainty of measurement system is estimated and the error source of the measurement system is traced. We found that the systematic uncertainty is mainly contributed by the A-type uncertainty which is related with the nozzle dimension and its inner structure. The B-type uncertainty of system is contributed by the force sensor.

scholarly journals Performance of Cans Classification System for Different Conveyor Belt Speed using Naïve Bayes

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Yulia Resti ◽  
Firmansyah Burlian ◽  
Irsyadi Yani
Keyword(s):  
Classification System ◽  
Naive Bayes ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Original Model ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Accuracy Level ◽  
Conveyor Belts ◽  
Sorting Process ◽  
Input Variables

The classification system in the sorting process in the can recycling industry can be made based on digital images by exploring the basic color pixel values ​​of images such as R, G, and B as variable inputs. In real time, the classification of cans in the sorting process occurs when cans placed on a conveyor belt move at a certain speed. This paper discusses the performance of can classification systems using the Naïve Bayes method. This method can handle all types of variables, including when all variables are continuous. Two types of conveyor belts are designed to get different speeds, and all images of the cans are captured on both conveyor belts. Two models of Bayes naive are built on the basis of the different distribution assumptions; the original model (all Gaussian distributed) and the model based on the best distribution. Performance of the classification system is built by dividing data into the learning data and the testing data with a composition of 50:50 in which each data is designed into 50 groups with different percentages on each type of cans using sampling technique without replacement. The results obtained are, first, the speed of the conveyor belt when capturing an image affects the pixel values of red, green, and blue and ultimately affects the results of the classification of cans. Second, not all input variables are Gaussian distributed. The classification system was built using assumption the best distribution model for each input variable has the better average accuracy level than the model that assumes all input variables are Gaussian distributed, and the accuracy level of classification on the first speeds of conveyor belt with a gear ratio of 12:30 and a diameter of 35 mm has an accuracy that is better than the other speed, both on the original model and the model based on the best distribution. However, it is necessary to test more statistical distribution models to obtain significant results.

scholarly journals Experimental tests of the impact of selected parameters on the indentation rolling resistances

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 00002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Woźniak ◽  
Lech Gładysiewicz ◽  
Martyna Konieczna
Keyword(s):  
Main Part ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Significant Component ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Indentation Rolling Resistance ◽  
Belt Conveyors ◽  
The Impact

Belt conveyors are main part of transporting systems in mines and in many other branches of industry. During conveyor belt works different types of resistances are generated. Indentation rolling resistance is the most significant component of the resistances from the perspective of energy losses and it cause the biggest costs as well. According to latest state of analyses and measurements it is well known that theoretical rolling resistance were underestimated in comparison with the measured in-situ one. In this paper new method for determination indentation rolling resistance is presented. The authors compared theoretically and experimentally established damping factors. The relation between these two values enabled to obtain more precise equation for damping function. This function is one of the most important component in calculation of the rolling resistance. In new theoretical model value of rolling resistance is nearly twice higher than this used so far.

Formation of an optimal logistics system based on the analysis of transport infrastructure of the city of Yekaterinburg

Innotrans ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Yuliana E. Zhuzhgova ◽  
◽  
Viktoriya V. Savel’eva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Logistics System ◽  
Passenger Traffic ◽  
Route Network ◽  
System A ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Abc Analysis ◽  
The City ◽  
Constant Growth

The main problems of transport infrastructure of cities are the problems of interaction of different types of transport, optimization of route flows, technical backwardness, low capacity, low speed of travel on public transport, low comfort for passengers. Currently, this is complicated by the constant growth of population and the number of cars, which invariably results in the need for optimization of an urban logistics system. A comprehensive solution to the problems presented can be the building of a network of transport hubs as a new stage in the implementation of transport reform. The article analyzes the transport infrastructure of Yekaterinburg. Based on the ABC analysis of passenger traffic, a method has been developed to identify the stopping points of the route network, which can later be transformed into transport hubs. The optimal logistics system of Yekaterinburg has been formed, consisting of three transport and logistics hubs: “Bus terminal”, “Railway station”, “Professors’” (Professorskaya).

scholarly journals Theory and practice of hydrostatic lysimeters for direct measurement of net seepage in a patterned mire in north Scotland

2001 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 693-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. P. Ingram ◽  
A. M. Coupar ◽  
O. M. Bragg
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Power ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Moisture Distribution ◽  
Water Tables ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Hydraulic Mechanism ◽  
Pool System ◽  
Novel Design ◽  
Soil Moisture Distribution ◽  
Design Construction

Abstract. A novel design of lysimeter for use in mires (peatlands) with shallow water tables is described. It employs an hydraulic mechanism for the automatic equilibration of soil moisture distribution between the outside and the inside of the lysimeter tank but uses no electronic components or electrical power; and it can be installed with minimal disturbance in surfaces with poor load-bearing capacity. The system was deployed on a mire in northern Scotland to investigate the distribution of shallow seepage associated with catenary arrays of different types of surface (microtopes). During the three-year period 15 November 1988 to 19 November 1991, the fraction of rainfall dispersed as seepage was 52% in a pool system; 62% in ridge-furrow microtopography; and 59-67% in unpatterned sloping mire. The data provide preliminary confirmation of the hypothesis of K. E. Ivanov that different microtopes within the same mire differ in their hydrological norms; and suggest that the range of ecohydrological differences at the study site may be similar to those obtained by Ivanov in western Siberia. Details of lysimeter design, construction, installation and operation are appended together with a discussion of the theory of the lysimeter. Keywords: acrotelm, blanket mire, ecohydrology, evapotranspiration, pool system, valleyside flowe, water balance

THE EFFECT OF OIL PALM KERNEL SHELL IN PRODUCING DIFFERENT TYPES OF POFA BASED MORTAR

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Hasanah Abdul Shukor Lim ◽  
Mohd Warid Hussin ◽  
Abdul Rahman Mohd. Sam ◽  
Mostafa Samadi ◽  
Mohamed A. Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell ◽  
Fuel Ash ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Oil Fuel

This paper presents the utilization of palm oil fuel ash and oil palm kernel shell as cement and sand replacement, respectively in the production of palm oil fuel ash based mortar mixes as part of new and innovative materials in the construction industry. The study includes basic properties such as water absorption, density, compressive strength, and microstructure test with regards to variations in the mix design process. In order to get better performance in terms of strength development, the ash used was subjected to heat treatment and grounded to the size of less than 2 µm. High volume of 80% palm oil fuel ash was used as cement replacement, while 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of oil palm kernel shell was used as sand replacement. The results indicated that the density of the mortar decreases with increasing volume of oil palm kernel ash as sand replacement. Three different types of mortar were produced with different percentages of oil palm kernel shell, which was high strength, medium strength, and low strength lightweight mortars.

Optimal Methods of Segmentation of Tomographic Volume Searching System: A Preliminary Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 685 ◽  
pp. 857-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Skirnevskiy ◽  
Aleksandr Korovin
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Algorithm Analysis ◽  
Preliminary Review ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
System A ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Implementation Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types

Recent research studies in the sphere of computer tomography are connected with the task of image analysis. Due to the fact that computed tomography images include artifacts, low contrast and different types of noises, researchers have to deal with a wide range of problems during the processing. There is a wide variety of preliminary processing methods which allow solving these problems. Obviously, the choice of these methods has a major impact on the result [1]. However, algorithm analysis of computed tomography images is not considered in the literature nowadays. This work presents an overview of the implementation approach of these methods.

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