Coupled-Oscillator Model of Locomotion Stability With Elastically-Suspended Loads

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Ackerman ◽  
Justin Seipel
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Fundamental Property ◽  
Suspended Load ◽  
Oscillator Model ◽  
Rough Terrain ◽  
Stability Of Motion ◽  
Coupled Oscillator ◽  
Coupled Oscillator Model ◽  
Suspended Loads

Elasticity is a fundamental property of dynamic locomotion and is generally thought to affect the efficiency and stability of motion. In particular, it is becoming increasingly apparent that elastically-suspended loads are common in biology and useful for carrying loads. For example, the Suspended Load Backpack reduces the peak forces and energy cost during locomotion. In this paper, we present a simple model of locomotion to examine the effect of elastically-suspended loads on the peak forces, energy cost, and stability during locomotion. The results from the model show that elastically-suspended loads reduce the peak forces, energy cost, and stability of locomotion compared to rigidly-attached loads, thus indicating that a tradeoff exists between the decreased stability of locomotion and the reduction of peak forces and energy cost. We discuss this tradeoff and the implications of reduced stability on locomotion over rough terrain and the maneuverability of a system.

Coupled-Oscillator Model of Suspended Load Locomotion: Predictions of Stability Gains and Metabolic Drop

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Ackerman ◽  
Justin Seipel
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Cost ◽  
Suspended Load ◽  
Oscillator Model ◽  
Coupled Oscillator ◽  
Cost Of Locomotion ◽  
Coupled Oscillator Model ◽  
Load Carrier

When humans and animals carry load, there is an increase in the metabolic cost of locomotion proportional to the load; this is reduced when the load is elastically coupled to the load carrier [1]. There are existing paradigms in biomechanics that demonstrate this concept, such as the modern horse jockey riding style, the Suspended Load Ergonomic Backpack, and carrying loads with springy poles [1–3]. For example, the Suspended Load Ergonomic Backpack is designed to suspend a load with compliant springs that elastically decouple the motion of the load from the motion of the wearer [2]. It has been shown to reduce the peak forces and reduce the metabolic cost of locomotion compared to a standard backpack [2].

Revisiting an old concept: the coupled oscillator model for VCD. Part 2: implications of the generalised coupled oscillator mechanism for the VCD robustness concept

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (31) ◽  
pp. 21213-21225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentin Paul Nicu
Keyword(s):  
Relative Orientation ◽  
Oscillator Model ◽  
Coupled Oscillator ◽  
Displacement Vectors ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Coupled Oscillator Model

The generalised coupled oscillator (GCO) mechanism implies that the stability of the computed VCD sign should be assigned by monitoring the uncertainties in the relative orientation of the GCO fragments and in the nuclear displacement vectors, i.e. not the magnitude of the dissymmetry factor.

Validity of the coupled-oscillator model for laser-array dynamics

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 1810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert G. Winful ◽  
Sean Allen ◽  
Lutfur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Oscillator Model ◽  
Laser Array ◽  
Coupled Oscillator ◽  
Coupled Oscillator Model

Transient High-Frequency Firing in a Coupled-Oscillator Model of the Mesencephalic Dopaminergic Neuron

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 932-947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey S. Kuznetsov ◽  
Nancy J. Kopell ◽  
Charles J. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Nmda Receptor ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Dopaminergic Neuron ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Oscillator Model ◽  
Coupled Oscillator ◽  
Depolarization Block ◽  
Nmda Receptor Activation ◽  
Coupled Oscillator Model

Dopaminergic neurons of the midbrain fire spontaneously at rates <10/s and ordinarily will not exceed this range even when driven with somatic current injection. When driven at higher rates, these cells undergo spike failure through depolarization block. During spontaneous bursting of dopaminergic neurons in vivo, bursts related to reward expectation in behaving animals, and bursts generated by dendritic application of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) agonists, transient firing attains rates well above this range. We suggest a way such high-frequency firing may occur in response to dendritic NMDA receptor activation. We have extended the coupled oscillator model of the dopaminergic neuron, which represents the soma and dendrites as electrically coupled compartments with different natural spiking frequencies, by addition of dendritic AMPA (voltage-independent) or NMDA (voltage-dependent) synaptic conductance. Both soma and dendrites contain a simplified version of the calcium-potassium mechanism known to be the mechanism for slow spontaneous oscillation and background firing in dopaminergic cells. The compartments differ only in diameter, and this difference is responsible for the difference in natural frequencies. We show that because of its voltage dependence, NMDA receptor activation acts to amplify the effect on the soma of the high-frequency oscillation of the dendrites, which is normally too weak to exert a large influence on the overall oscillation frequency of the neuron. During the high-frequency oscillations that result, sodium inactivation in the soma is removed rapidly after each action potential by the hyperpolarizing influence of the dendritic calcium-dependent potassium current, preventing depolarization block of the spike mechanism, and allowing high-frequency spiking.

scholarly journals Predicting the effects of deep brain stimulation using a reduced coupled oscillator model

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. e1006575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gihan Weerasinghe ◽  
Benoit Duchet ◽  
Hayriye Cagnan ◽  
Peter Brown ◽  
Christian Bick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Oscillator Model ◽  
Coupled Oscillator ◽  
Coupled Oscillator Model ◽  
Deep Brain

scholarly journals Fluctuations in a coupled-oscillator model of the cardiovascular system

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge A. González ◽  
Jose J. Suárez-Vargas ◽  
Aneta Stefanovska ◽  
Peter V. E. McClintock
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Oscillator Model ◽  
Coupled Oscillator ◽  
Coupled Oscillator Model
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