Mapping Problem and Requirements to Final Solution: A Document Analysis of Capstone Design Projects

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shraddha Joshi ◽  
Beshoy Morkos ◽  
Joshua D. Summers
Keyword(s):  
Design Education ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Level Of Detail ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Final Solution ◽  
Problem Statement ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Design Projects ◽  
High Level ◽  
Capstone Design

Formulating and solving engineering problems and designing solutions that meet the established requirements are important skills that graduating engineering students need to possess. However, there are noticeable gaps in the literature with respect to understanding how the formulation of design problems and establishment of requirements affect the final design solution in undergraduate design education. This paper is an initial step to understand the influence of level of detail of problem statement and requirements on the level of detail of final solution in capstone design projects. In doing so, a document analysis of final reports from capstone design class collected over a period of ten years, 1999 to 2008, is conducted. A data compression approach is developed to allow for the mapping of level of detail of problem statement and requirements to the level of detail of final solution. The findings of this research indicate that a low level of detail problem statement and requirements leads to no greater than a medium level of detail in the final solution. A high level of detail of final solution is more likely to result from either a high or medium level of detail of problem statement and requirements. Additionally, it was found that a high level of detail final solution is more likely to result in a high percentage of requirements satisfied. These findings are used to make several recommendations to improve the level of detail of the problem statement and requirements so a high level of detail final solution is developed while satisfying a great number of requirements. This assists in ensuring that students possess the skills needed before entering the professional workforce.

A Coding Scheme for Analyzing Capstone Design Reports: Problem and Solution Descriptions

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shraddha Joshi ◽  
Joshua D. Summers
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Students ◽  
Level Of Detail ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Final Solution ◽  
Problem Statement ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Coding Scheme ◽  
Engineering Problems ◽  
Final Design ◽  
Capstone Design

It is desirable that the graduating engineering students possess the skills of formulating and solving engineering problems to design solutions that meet the established requirements. However, the current literature has noticeable gaps pertaining to understanding how the formulation of design problems and establishment of requirements affect the final design solution. The ultimate goal of this research is to understand the influence of the level of detail of problem statement and requirements on the level of detail of final solution. In order to accomplish this goal a coding scheme is developed to systematically code the information in the final design reports from capstone design class collected over a period of ten years from 1999 to 2008. The coded information is used to develop mappings between problem statement and final solution. To this end, this paper describes the scheme for systematically coding the problem statement and final design solution.

Vivid Imagers Are Better at Detecting Salient Changes

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 218-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Rodway ◽  
Karen Gillies ◽  
Astrid Schepman
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Change Detection ◽  
Visual Imagery ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Level Of Detail ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Change Detection Task ◽  
Term Change ◽  
High Level

This study examined whether individual differences in the vividness of visual imagery influenced performance on a novel long-term change detection task. Participants were presented with a sequence of pictures, with each picture and its title displayed for 17  s, and then presented with changed or unchanged versions of those pictures and asked to detect whether the picture had been changed. Cuing the retrieval of the picture's image, by presenting the picture's title before the arrival of the changed picture, facilitated change detection accuracy. This suggests that the retrieval of the picture's representation immunizes it against overwriting by the arrival of the changed picture. The high and low vividness participants did not differ in overall levels of change detection accuracy. However, in replication of Gur and Hilgard (1975) , high vividness participants were significantly more accurate at detecting salient changes to pictures compared to low vividness participants. The results suggest that vivid images are not characterised by a high level of detail and that vivid imagery enhances memory for the salient aspects of a scene but not all of the details of a scene. Possible causes of this difference, and how they may lead to an understanding of individual differences in change detection, are considered.

Urban network of China from the perspective of population mobility: Three-dimensional co-occurrence of nodes and links

2021 ◽  
pp. 0308518X2199781
Author(s):  
Xinyue Luo ◽  
Mingxing Chen
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Geographical Distance ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
Urban Network ◽  
Urban Networks ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
High Level ◽  
External Connections

The nodes and links in urban networks are usually presented in a two-dimensional(2D) view. The co-occurrence of nodes and links can also be realized from a three-dimensional(3D) perspective to make the characteristics of urban network more intuitively revealed. Our result shows that the external connections of high-level cities are mainly affected by the level of cities(nodes) and less affected by geographical distance, while medium-level cities are affected by the interaction of the level of cities(nodes) and geographical distance. The external connections of low-level cities are greatly restricted by geographical distance.

scholarly journals Quality of colostral passive immunity and pattern of serum protein fluctuation in newborn calves

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Pauletti ◽  
Raul Machado Neto ◽  
Irineu Umberto Packer ◽  
Raul Dantas D'Arce ◽  
Rosana Bessi
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Passive Immunity ◽  
Serum Total Protein ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
High Level

Immunity acquired by newborn animals is known as passive immunity, and for ruminants, antibody acquisition depends on the ingestion and absorption of adequate amounts of immunoglobulins from colostrum. This study relates different initial levels of acquired passive protection and serum total protein (TP) and immunoglobulin G (IgG). Serum immunoglobulin concentration and total protein were evaluated for female Holstein calves in the first sixty days of life. Animals were separated into three groups according to their initial level of passive immunity: group 1- animals with a low level of passive immunity (below 20 mg mL-1); group 2- animals with a medium level (between 20 and 30 mg mL-1), and group 3- animals with a high level (above 30 mg mL-1). Serum total protein was determined through the biuret method and IgG was determined by radial immunodiffusion. Data were analyzed as a completely randomized, split-plot statistical design. Fluctuation of the variables along the experimental period was determined through non-linear regression by the DUD method (PROC NLIN - Non Linear SAS). Animals with low antibody acquisition started to produce antibodies earlier, reflecting a compensatory synthesis. On the other hand, animals having adequate levels exhibited an extended period of immunoglobulin catabolism and the beginning of the endogenous phase was delayed. Regardless initial levels, the fluctuations in IgG contents occurred around adequate physiological concentrations, ranging from 20 to 25 mg mL-1.

scholarly journals A Fast and Effective Method to Identify Relevant Sets of Variables in Complex Systems

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1022
Author(s):  
Gianluca D’Addese ◽  
Martina Casari ◽  
Roberto Serra ◽  
Marco Villani
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Gene Regulatory Networks ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Graph Analysis ◽  
The Past ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Gene Regulatory ◽  
High Level

In many complex systems one observes the formation of medium-level structures, whose detection could allow a high-level description of the dynamical organization of the system itself, and thus to its better understanding. We have developed in the past a powerful method to achieve this goal, which however requires a heavy computational cost in several real-world cases. In this work we introduce a modified version of our approach, which reduces the computational burden. The design of the new algorithm allowed the realization of an original suite of methods able to work simultaneously at the micro level (that of the binary relationships of the single variables) and at meso level (the identification of dynamically relevant groups). We apply this suite to a particularly relevant case, in which we look for the dynamic organization of a gene regulatory network when it is subject to knock-outs. The approach combines information theory, graph analysis, and an iterated sieving algorithm in order to describe rather complex situations. Its application allowed to derive some general observations on the dynamical organization of gene regulatory networks, and to observe interesting characteristics in an experimental case.

Samarinda Grabbike Driver’s Income Analysis in 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Made Ngurah Partha ◽  
Noor Ellyawati ◽  
Komang Ayu Safitri
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Research Use ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
High Level ◽  
The City

This research purposes to determine the income of Grabbike drivers in Samarinda during March 2019 and to compare the income toward the City Minimum Wage (UMK) in 2019. This research also intends to know the average and the percentage of Grabbike driver’s income in Samarinda toward the City Minimum Wage (UMK) in 2019. This is a descriptive quantitative research. The populations in this research are 1200 Samarinda Grabbike drivers in 2019 with 120 respondents. Data collection techniques in this research use questionnaires, interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique uses the net income formula; the average and percentage income. The research data and analysis of the Samarinda Grabbike driver’s income in 2019 includes several indicators; the number of working hours and working days. The research results show that the Samarinda Grabbike driver’s net income in March 2019 is Rp. 200,758,204. The percentage comparison between Samarinda Grabbike Driver’s incomes toward the City Minimum Wage (UMK) shows 24 drivers achieving high-level income or 20%, 65 drivers achieving medium-level income or 54.2% and 31 drivers achieving low-level income or 25.8%. The average income of Samarinda Grabbike drivers in March 2019 is Rp. 1,672,985.

MNC-Sponsored Multidisciplinary Industrial-Strength Capstone Design Projects in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 54-65
Author(s):  
Vincent Chang
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Education ◽  
Biomedical Engineering ◽  
Multinational Corporation ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Internet Technology ◽  
Computer Engineering ◽  
University Of Michigan ◽  
Design Projects ◽  
Industrial Strength ◽  
Capstone Design

With a growing need to reform Chinese higher engineering education, University of Michigan—Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute (JI) initiated multinational corporation-sponsored industrial-strength Capstone Design Projects (CDP) in 2011. Since 2011, JI has developed 96 corporate-sponsored CDPs since its inception, which include multinational corporation sponsors such as Covidien, Dover, GE, HP, Intel, NI, Philips, and Siemens. Of these projects, healthcare accounts for 27%, energy 24%, internet technology (IT) 22%, electronics 16%, and other industries 11%. This portfolio reflects the trends and needs in the industry, which provides opportunities for engineering students to develop their careers. An accumulated 480 JI students have been teamed up based on their individual backgrounds, specifically electrical engineering, computer engineering, computer science, mechanical engineering, and biomedical engineering. The corporate-sponsored rate grew from 0% in 2010 to 86% in 2014.

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