A Fuzzy Similarity-Based Approach to Reliability Allocation of Diesel Engine

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong-Zhe Chen ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Hong-Zhong Huang ◽  
Dan Ling ◽  
Li-Ping He
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
New Products ◽  
New Product ◽  
New Method ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Reliability Allocation ◽  
Reliability Indices ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Fuzzy Similarity ◽  
Allocation Method

Most of new products evolve based upon existing products. The reliability indices and maintenance records of existing products are very important to provide useful information for the reliability allocation of the new evolutionary products. In this paper, a fuzzy similarity-based reliability allocation method which considers not only the similarity between the new product and old ones, but also the judgments from domain experts, is proposed to realize a reasonable reliability allocation at the initial design stage of diesel engines. The new method allows for using both the objective information from the old products and the subjective judgments from experts simultaneously, and it is more comprehensive and objective compared to the traditional reliability allocation method.

Technology Cost Modeling for the Manufacture of Printed Circuit Boards in New Electronic Products

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 368-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Shina ◽  
A. Saigal
Keyword(s):  
Printed Circuit Boards ◽  
New Products ◽  
New Product ◽  
Cost Modeling ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Design Team ◽  
Circuit Boards ◽  
Manufacturing Environment ◽  
Electronic Products ◽  
Printed Circuit

The rapid pace of technological and material advances has made it difficult to ascertain the most cost effective plan for manufacturing new products. The decision to identify the appropriate manufacturing methods and materials selection is most timely made during the initial design stage of the product. However, tradeoffs in manufacturing and materials technology are not easily discernible to the design team, while traditional cost accounting systems do not reflect the continuous improvements nor the opportunities in increasing quality and reducing cost. Systems that have recently been developed to assist in estimating new product cost, such as Activity Based Costing (ABC) and Technical Cost Modeling, focus on a stable manufacturing environment. They presume that production is either dedicated to the new product, or that utilization and/or yields of machines are at static levels. In most modern companies, the majority of new products introduced are evolutionary in nature, attempting to gain maximum advantage of current material and manufacturing technologies while continuing to be made alongside existing production. These new products can significantly change the current manufactured product and material mix, and hence their cost. A technology based modeling approach is presented in this paper to address the issues of changes in a dynamic manufacturing environment, where each design selection can be evaluated individually based on its production impact. Elements of this approach are described in the design of electronic products using printed circuit boards. The design team can select from a large combinations of technologies, materials and manufacturing steps, each with its particular cost, production rate and yield. A technology based cost modeling system can be developed to guide the team in the selection process by identifying the cost tradeoffs involved in each alternative design.

New Product Distribution: An Analysis of Supermarket Buyer Decisions

1975 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Threshold Model ◽  
New Products ◽  
New Product ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
New Method ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Multiple Discriminant Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

This article explores the relationship between 18 variables and a supermarket buyer's decision to accept or reject a new product. One hundred twenty-four new products are analyzed by multiple discriminant analysis and a hierarchical threshold model termed a “gatekeeper” analysis. A new method of discriminant validation in small samples is also proposed.

Multibody Dynamics and Competitiveness on the Company

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etsujiro Imanishi
Keyword(s):  
New Product Development ◽  
Multibody Dynamics ◽  
Good Accuracy ◽  
New Products ◽  
New Product ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Wire Rope ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Tower Crane

This paper presents how the multibody dynamics is utilized in the company. In recent years, the advance evaluations considering the dynamics of the products become to be the mainstream on the design state in new product development. Moreover, the multibody dynamics is utilized to develop the advanced technology of the new products. As it becomes to be possible that the dynamics of the products is examined even in the design stage at the good accuracy by the progress of the multibody dynamics, the essential solutions and the quantitative evaluations can be carried out in the development of the new products. In the development of the completely new concept machine, the multibody dynamics is necessary to carry out the system optimization of the machine. In this paper, the activities using the multibody dynamics are introduced through the cases of the evaluation on the disorder winding of the wire rope in the tower crane, and the evaluation of the power consumption in the hydraulic excavator.

scholarly journals A New and Practical Reliability Allocation Method for a Complex System of NC Turrets

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Wei Hu ◽  
Fei Chen ◽  
Yankun Wang ◽  
Qunya Xie
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Fault Tree ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Reliability Allocation ◽  
Early Design ◽  
Early Design Stage ◽  
Allocation Method

Existing methods cannot satisfy the reliability allocation demands of the early design phase for the modern complex system of NC turrets. Motivated by the need of practical application, this paper proposes a new and practical reliability allocation method in the early design stage for NC turrets considering failure mode and system complexity, information inaccessibility, and expert knowledge limitation. First, the fault tree of a NC turret is quickly built to clear the relationship between the system’s compositions and failure modes up. Second, the happening probability of each failure event in the fault tree is firstly calculated by fuzzy expert evaluation to provide the reliability allocation with complete information. Third, by discussing the practical meaning of every layer in the fault tree, the proposed allocation strategy is within the experts’ knowledge scope for evaluating accurately. Eventually, the application result of the AK36100 A turret is presented and compared with some existing allocation methods, illustrating the rationality of the proposed allocation method.

scholarly journals Estimating the Market Share for New Products with a Split Questionnaire Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Simone Balmelli ◽  
Francesco Moresino
Keyword(s):  
Conjoint Analysis ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
New Products ◽  
Perceived Value ◽  
New Product ◽  
New Method ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Market Shares ◽  
Alternative Approach

When designing a new product, conjoint analysis is a powerful tool to estimate the perceived value of the prospects. However, it has a drawback: when the product has too many attributes and levels, it may be difficult to administrate the survey to respondents because they will be overwhelmed by the too numerous questions. In this paper, we propose an alternative approach that permits us to bypass this problem. Contrary to conjoint analysis, which estimates respondents’ utility functions, our approach directly estimates market shares. This enables us to split the questionnaire among respondents and, therefore, to reduce the burden on each respondent as much as desired. However, this new method has two weaknesses that conjoint analysis does not have: first, inferences on a single respondent cannot be made; second, the competition’s product profiles have to be known before administrating the survey. Therefore, our method has to be used when traditional methods are less easily implementable, i.e., when the number of attributes and levels is large.

scholarly journals Research on the Reliability Allocation Method of Smart Meters Based on DEA and DBN

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 6901
Author(s):  
Juan Zhou ◽  
Zonghuan Wu ◽  
Zhonghua Yu
Keyword(s):  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Dynamic Bayesian Networks ◽  
Accelerated Life Test ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
Reliability Allocation ◽  
Allocation Method ◽  
Accelerated Life ◽  
Manufacturing Testing

Reliability allocation can reasonably determine the reliability index of each unit in the system to ensure product quality in design, manufacturing, testing and acceptance. In the design process of the smart meter, the preliminary reliability allocation results may be unreasonable, so in the middle and later stages of the design stage, the reliability needs to be reallocated. The traditional allocation method has some limitations, such as strong subjectivity, large amount of calculation and too much reliance on expert judgment. In order to solve these problems, this paper presents a multi-method fusion method of reliability allocation. First, this paper uses the goal-oriented methodology (GO methodology) to integrate dynamic Bayesian networks (DBNs) to predict the reliability of smart meters. Second, a data envelopment analysis (DEA) reliability allocation model is established, the posterior probability obtained by DBN reasoning together with the failure rate and structural complexity of each unit are used as the output indicators of this model. Finally, the reliability allocation weight is calculated by using the efficiency value obtained from the DEA reliability allocation model. The validity and accuracy of this method is verified by an accelerated life test. This provides a new idea for reliability reallocation of smart meters.

New Folk Music as Attempted Repatriation in Romania

2018 ◽  
pp. 436-452
Author(s):  
Maurice Mengel
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Folk Music ◽  
Cultural Policy ◽  
New Products ◽  
New Product ◽  
The State ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Socialist State ◽  
New Form

This chapter looks at cultural policy toward folk music (muzică populară) in socialist Romania (1948–1989), covering three areas: first, the state including its intentions and actions; second, ethnomusicologists as researchers of rural peasant music and employees of the state, and, third, the public as reached by state institutions. The article argues that Soviet-induced socialist cultural policy effectively constituted a repatriation of peasant music that was systematically collected; documented and researched; intentionally transformed into new products, such as folk orchestras, to facilitate the construction of communism; and then distributed in its new form through a network of state institutions like the mass media. Sources indicate that the socialist state was partially successful in convincing its citizens about the authenticity of the new product (that new folklore was real folklore) while the original peasant music was to a large extent inaccessible to nonspecialist audiences.

Entrepreneurial Bricolage and New Product Development Performance in New Ventures: The Contingent Effects of Founding Team Involvement

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinchun Wang ◽  
Xiaoyu Yu ◽  
Xiaotong Meng
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
New Products ◽  
New Product ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Entrepreneurial Bricolage ◽  
Founding Team ◽  
Npd Performance

Abstract New product development (NPD) performance is a key determinant of a new venture’s success. However, compared with established firms, new ventures often suffer from resource constraints when developing new products. Entrepreneurial bricolage is reported in the literature as an alternative strategic option that enables managers to overcome resource constraints when developing new products. However, because new ventures are often founded by an entrepreneurial team, the effectiveness and efficiency of using bricolage to improve NPD performance might be contingent on how the founding team plays its roles in this process. Using data from 323 new ventures in China, we find support for the critical role of entrepreneurial bricolage in improving NPD success under resource constraints. More importantly, our results reveal that the bricolage strategy is more likely to benefit a venture when the founding team is composed of members with diverse functional backgrounds and is not heavily involved in strategic decision-making.

The interactive effect of insight and cuteness in driving purchase likelihood: a lay belief of creativity

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Septianto ◽  
Rokhima Rostiani ◽  
Widya Paramita
Keyword(s):  
New Products ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
New Product ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Narrative Study ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Purchase Likelihood

PurposeWhile new product introductions can potentially promote growth and benefit for brands, it remains unclear how marketers can develop effective communication strategies to increase the chance of success for new products. The present research investigates the role of cuteness in leveraging the effectiveness of a narrative emphasizing an insight versus an effort in this regard.Design/methodology/approachThis research presents two experimental studies. Study 1 examines the moderating role of cuteness on the likelihood of purchasing a new product featuring an insight-based (vs effort-based) narrative. Study 2 extends the findings of Study 1 using different stimuli and establishes the underlying mechanism.FindingsResults show that when a cuteness appeal is present, an insight-based (vs effort-based) narrative will lead to a higher purchase likelihood. However, these differences do not emerge when a cuteness appeal is absent (a control condition). Further, perceived brand creativeness will mediate this effect.Originality/valueThe findings of this research contribute to the literature on lay belief of creativity, cuteness, and product narrative, as well as managerial implications on how to promote new products.

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