A Full Vehicle Model for the Development of a Variable Camber Suspension

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isao Kuwayama ◽  
Fernando Baldoni ◽  
Federico Cheli
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Models ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Tire Model ◽  
Electronic Components ◽  
Vehicle Model ◽  
Active Systems ◽  
Additional Degree ◽  
Vehicle Simulation ◽  
Full Vehicle ◽  
Multi Body

The accuracy of the recent vehicle dynamics simulation technology, represented by Multi-Body Simulations along with reliable tire models, has been remarkably progressing and provides reasonable simulation results not only for conventional passive vehicles but also for advanced active vehicles equipped with electronic components; however, when it comes to advanced vehicle applications with complex active systems, the complexity causes a longer simulation time. On the other hand, even though simple numerical vehicle simulation models such as single-track, two-track and a dozen degrees of freedom (dofs) models can provide less information than those of multi-body models, they are still appreciated by specific applications particularly the ones related to the development of active systems. The advantages of these numerical simulation models lie in the simulation platform, namely the Matlab/Simulink environment, which is suitable for modeling electronic components. In this paper, an 18 dofs vehicle model has been proposed for the development of a type of active suspension named Variable Camber which has an additional degree of freedom in camber angle direction and a description of the models and some preliminary results are reported: the control strategy for the variable camber suspension will be published ([3]). The model can reproduce a passive vehicle with a passive suspension as well; all the necessary dimensions, parameters, and physical properties are derived from a specific multi-body full vehicle model which has been fully validated with respect to a real one on the track. As for a tire model, Magic Formula 5.2 has been implemented on both the numerical and the multi-body vehicle models respectively so that the same tire model can be applied.

Construction of a Rational Tire Model for High Fidelity Vehicle Dynamics Simulation Under Extreme Driving and Environmental Conditions

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C¸ag˘lar Bas¸lamıs¸lı ◽  
Selim Solmaz
Keyword(s):  
Vehicle Dynamics ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Tire Model ◽  
Dynamics Model ◽  
Vehicle Model ◽  
Prospective Design ◽  
Magic Formula ◽  
Rational Models ◽  
Simulation Results

In this paper, a control oriented rational tire model is developed and incorporated in a two-track vehicle dynamics model for the prospective design of vehicle dynamics controllers. The tire model proposed in this paper is an enhancement over previous rational models which have taken into account only the peaking and saturation behavior disregarding all other force generation characteristics. Simulation results have been conducted to compare the dynamics of a vehicle model equipped with a Magic Formula tire model, a rational tire model available in the literature and the present rational tire model. It has been observed that the proposed tire model results in vehicle responses that closely follow those obtained with the Magic Formula even for extreme driving scenarios conducted on roads with low adhesion coefficient.

scholarly journals Tire Model with Temperature Effects for Formula SAE Vehicle

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (24) ◽  
pp. 5328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diwakar Harsh ◽  
Barys Shyrokau
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Transient Behavior ◽  
Lateral Acceleration ◽  
Tire Model ◽  
Magic Formula ◽  
Vehicle Simulation ◽  
Formula Sae ◽  
Full Vehicle ◽  
Design Competition

Formula Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) (FSAE) is a student design competition organized by SAE International (previously known as the Society of Automotive Engineers, SAE). Commonly, the student team performs a lap simulation as a point mass, bicycle or planar model of vehicle dynamics allow for the design of a top-level concept of the FSAE vehicle. However, to design different FSAE components, a full vehicle simulation is required including a comprehensive tire model. In the proposed study, the different tires of a FSAE vehicle were tested at a track to parametrize the tire based on the empirical approach commonly known as the magic formula. A thermal tire model was proposed to describe the tread, carcass, and inflation gas temperatures. The magic formula was modified to incorporate the temperature effect on the force capability of a FSAE tire to achieve higher accuracy in the simulation environment. Considering the model validation, the several maneuvers, typical for FSAE competitions, were performed. A skidpad and full lap maneuvers were chosen to simulate steady-state and transient behavior of the FSAE vehicle. The full vehicle simulation results demonstrated a high correlation to the measurement data for steady-state maneuvers and limited accuracy in highly dynamic driving. In addition, the results show that neglecting temperature in the tire model results in higher root mean square error (RMSE) of lateral acceleration and yaw rate.

Vehicle-Terrain Interaction Simulation With Parallelized Multiscale Moving Soil Patch Model

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Yamashita ◽  
Guanchu Chen ◽  
Yeefeng Ruan ◽  
Paramsothy Jayakumar ◽  
Hiroyuki Sugiyama
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Model ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Vehicle Performance ◽  
Vehicle Simulation ◽  
Full Vehicle ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Patch Technique ◽  
Dynamics Models ◽  
Hierarchical Multiscale ◽  
Soil Patch

Abstract Although many physics-based off-road mobility simulation models are proposed and utilized for vehicle performance evaluation as well as for understanding of tire-soil interaction problems, full vehicle simulation on deformable terrain requires addressing the computational complexity associated with the large dimensional physics-based terrain dynamics models for practical use. This paper, therefore, presents a hierarchical multiscale tire-soil interaction model that is fully integrated into parallelized off-road mobility simulation framework. In particular, a co-simulation procedure is developed for full vehicle simulation with multiscale terrain dynamics models by exploiting the moving soil patch technique. To this end, a detailed off-road vehicle simulation model is divided into five subsystems: a multibody vehicle subsystem and four tire-soil subsystems composed of nonlinear FE tires and multiscale moving soil patches. The tire-soil subsystems are interfaced with the vehicle subsystem by MPI through force-displacement coupling. It is demonstrated that the proposed framework allows for alleviating computational intensity of a full vehicle simulation that involves complex hierarchical multiscale terrain dynamics models by effectively distributing computational loads with co-simulation techniques.

Simulation Research for Self-Energizing Leveling Systems

2011 ◽  
Vol 211-212 ◽  
pp. 494-499
Author(s):  
Xiao Bin Ning ◽  
Cui Ling Zhao ◽  
Ji Sheng Shen
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Shock Absorber ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Vehicle Model ◽  
Ride Height ◽  
Simulation Research ◽  
Vehicle Simulation ◽  
The Road ◽  
Full Vehicle ◽  
Internal Configuration

In order to decay vibration and recycle energy, the shock absorber that is self-energizing leveling systems was researched. The co-simulation method was adopted. A mathematical model for the shock absorber was built using the software MSC.EASY5, and the establishment of this model was based on the analysis of internal configuration and characteristics of valves. Debugging simulation of this model was also conducted. Vehicle simulation model was built using MSC.ADAMS. The assembly between vehicle simulation model and the shock absorber was realized through co-simulation between ADAMS/CAR and MSC.EASY5. After the integration of the full vehicle model the road test simulation with the input of random road surface signal was conducted. The simulation results shows that self-energizing leveling systems can partly recycle this energy which can be used to adjust ride height due to load change of automobile. This shock absorber is improving the ride performance of vehicle.

Validation of vehicle-based tyre testing methods

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
Anton Albinsson ◽  
Fredrik Bruzelius ◽  
Bengt Jacobson ◽  
Shenhai Ran
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
Model Verification ◽  
Slip Angle ◽  
Tyre Model ◽  
Vehicle Simulation ◽  
Full Vehicle

The development process for passenger cars is both time- and resource-consuming. Full vehicle testing is an extensive part of the development process that consumes large amount of resources, especially within the field of vehicle dynamics and active safety. By replacing physical testing with complete vehicle simulations, both the development time and cost can potentially be reduced. This requires accurate simulation models that represent the real vehicle. One major challenge with full vehicle simulation models is the representation of tyres in terms of force and moment generation. The force and moment generation of the tyres is affected by both operating conditions and road surface. Vehicle-based tyre testing offers a fast and efficient way to rescale force and moment tyre models to different road surfaces, in this study the Pacejka 2002 model. The resulting tyre model is sensitive to both the operating conditions during testing and the road surface used. This study investigates the influence of the slip angle sweep rate and road surface on the lateral tyre force characteristics of the fitted tyre model. Tyre models fitted to different manoeuvres are compared and the influence on the full vehicle behaviour is investigated in IPG Carmaker. The results show that by using the wrong road surface, the resulting tyre model can end up outside the tolerances specified by the ISO standard for vehicle simulation model verification in steady-state cornering. The use of Pacejka 2002 models parameterized in a steady-state manoeuvre to simulate the vehicle behaviour in sine-with-dwell manoeuvres is also discussed.

Dynamic Analysis of Self-Energizing Shock Absorber of Suspension for Energy-Regenerative

2011 ◽  
Vol 80-81 ◽  
pp. 746-751
Author(s):  
Ji Sheng Shen ◽  
Xiang Man Ye ◽  
Xiao Bin Ning
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Shock Absorber ◽  
Vehicle Model ◽  
Ride Height ◽  
Vehicle Simulation ◽  
System A ◽  
Nonlinear Vehicle Model ◽  
Multi Body ◽  
Internal Configuration

Design of self-energizing shock absorber of suspension of SVU, a multi degree of freedom mechanism, is a challenge. In order to decay vibration and recycle energy, self-energizing shock absorber was researched. This paper primarily focuses on kinematics and dynamic analysis in multi-body system (MBS) and validation of system. A simulation model for self-energizing shock absorber was built using the software MATLAB, and the establishment of this model was based on the analysis of internal configuration and characteristics of valves. Vehicle simulation model was built using MBS. The assembly between vehicle simulation model and the shock absorber was realized through co-simulation between MBS and MATLAB. The optimal design of suspension is investigated, in order to improve vertical ride and road-friendliness of vehicles, while maintaining enhanced roll stability. A nonlinear vehicle model is developed to study vertical as well as roll dynamics of vehicles. The simulation results shows that suspension with self-energizing shock absorber can partly energy-regenerative which can be used to adjust ride height due to load change of automobile. Self-energizing shock absorber is also improving the ride performance of vehicle.

Active camber system for lateral stability improvement of urban vehicles

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (14) ◽  
pp. 3824-3838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Ataei ◽  
Chen Tang ◽  
Amir Khajepour ◽  
Soo Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Vehicle Dynamics ◽  
Vehicle Stability ◽  
Lateral Stability ◽  
Tire Model ◽  
Vehicle Model ◽  
Sideslip Angle ◽  
Friction Forces ◽  
Additional Degree ◽  
Tire Force ◽  
Active Front Steering

A suspension system with the capability of cambering has an additional degree of freedom for changing camber angle to increase the maximum lateral tire force. This study investigates the effects of cambering on overall vehicle stability with emphasis on applications to urban vehicles. A full vehicle model with a reliable tire model including camber effects is employed to investigate the vehicle dynamics behavior under cambering. Besides, a linearized vehicle model is used to analytically study the effects of camber lateral forces on vehicle dynamics. Vehicle behavior for different configurations of camber angles in front and rear wheels is studied and compared. Then, an active camber system is suggested for improvement of vehicle lateral stability. Specifically, performances of active front camber, active rear camber, and their combination are investigated. The results show that a proper strategy for camber control can improve both yaw rate and sideslip angle, simultaneously. Finally, the active front camber system is compared with the well-known active front steering. It is shown that, utilizing more friction forces at the limits, active front camber is more effective in improving maneuverability and lateral stability than active front steering.

The Research of Vehicle Handling Stability Based on ADAMS

2011 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 248-251
Author(s):  
Qiu Fang Zhao ◽  
Tao He ◽  
Wen Juan Xu ◽  
Zhi Qiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Service Performance ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Positive Zero ◽  
Vehicle Model ◽  
Simulation Test ◽  
Vehicle Handling ◽  
Vehicle Simulation ◽  
Design Time

With the demand for the high performance, the vehicle handling stability is more and more attractive and becomes one main service performance of modern car. At the same time, traditional calculation method can not meet the requirement of modern automobile research on the analysis of varied performances. The virtual simulation software increases greatly and it is possible to do the vehicle simulation trial. In this paper, a vehicle model of 10-DOF is built by using the dynamics simulation software ADAMS. Through the dynamic simulation test, the vehicle handling stability is studied with emphasis when the S.M. (Static Margin) is positive,zero or negative.The result is a reference in design of the vehicle, so the purpose of saving test funds and shortening design time is achieved.

Validation of a Newly Proposed 3D Flexible Ring Tire Model Through Adams FTire Full-Vehicle Simulations

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Li ◽  
Xiaobo Yang ◽  
James Yang
Keyword(s):  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Tire Model ◽  
Vehicle Model ◽  
Suspension Spring ◽  
Full Vehicle ◽  
Rigid Attachment ◽  
Vertical Displacements ◽  
Tire Forces ◽  
Flexible Ring

Flexible ring tire models are widely used for vehicle durability and ride comfort analysis. In our previous research, a novel 3D flexible ring tire model was proposed, and the model’s parameter identification and predictability were illustrated based on various tire cleat tests. To further demonstrate its capability, this paper applies the tire model in a full-vehicle model for various full vehicle bump tests with different driving speeds and cleat orientations in Matlab programing. The tire model and the full-vehicle model are connected through a suspension system, with the suspension spring and damper along the vertical direction, and rigid attachment along the longitudinal and lateral directions. The predicted results are compared against ADAMS® full-vehicle FTire virtual tests with the same simulation conditions. The comparison variables include tire forces, vertical displacements, and suspension jounce movements. The results provide useful guidance for the design of vehicle suspension.

Fast VR Application Development Based on Versatile Rigid Multi-Body Dynamics Simulation

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Josef Jung ◽  
Malte Rast ◽  
Eric Guiffo Kaigom ◽  
Juergen Rossmann
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Robotics ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Rigid Bodies ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Body Dynamics ◽  
Virtual Testbed ◽  
Physics Based Simulation ◽  
Multi Body

More and more areas in research and development use Virtual Reality technologies. To quickly realize new applications at low costs, the reuse of existing functionality is of high importance. In the area of mobile robotics, physics based simulation components promise optimal reusability: The physical laws always stay the same and do not depend on the application. Hence, as long as the applications try to emulate reality, physics based simulation software will be reusable. Unfortunately, depending on the kind of application, different simulation models for different physical domains are needed: Particle models for fluids and soil, finite-elements for non-rigid bodies, multi-body systems and so on. However, for those applications developed at Institute for Man-Machine Interaction at the RWTH Aachen University, a multi-body dynamics component has taken a central role in the process of application development. It is fully integrated within a modern 3D-simulation and visualization tool. It is enhanced by generalized tools of contact graph analysis, which support the fast development of robust applications suitable for daily use. The paper discusses the benefit of this multi-body system as a platform for versatile application development, taking the following three applications as examples: The first example is the development of forest machine simulators for usage in education and training of machine operators. The existence of a purely kinematically realized, phenomenological implementation with widely equivalent range of functions allows a direct comparison of the programming efforts. The second example is the development of algorithms for space robot motion planning. The example demonstrates, how easy and effective innovative robotic simulation applications can be realized using a common, dynamics based simulation framework. The third example finally describes the development of a Virtual Testbed for legged lunar exploration robots. The Virtual Testbed example handles in detail the concept of “top-down-development” of simulation models. The refinement of the simulation of foot-soil-contact situations using a force exchange interface and the refinement of the actuator dynamics simulation using an energy exchange interface serve as examples.

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