Quantization of a Free Particle in a Dissipative Medium: Interaction of Charged Particles With Matter

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eqab M. Rabei ◽  
Abdul-Wali Ajlouni ◽  
Humam B. Ghassib
Keyword(s):  
Wave Function ◽  
Energy Loss ◽  
Free Particle ◽  
Canonical Quantization ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Dissipative Medium ◽  
Nonconservative Systems ◽  
Damping Effect ◽  
Free Particles ◽  
Set Up

Following our work on the quantization of nonconservative systems using fractional calculus, the canonical quantization of a system of free particles in a dissipative medium is carried out according to the Dirac method. A suitable Schro¨dinger equation is set up and solved for the Lagrangian representing this system. The wave function is plotted and the damping effect manifests itself very clearly. This formalism is then applied to the problem of energy loss of charged particles when passing through matter. The results are plotted and the relation between the energy loss and the range agrees qualitatively with experimental results.

A COMPARISON BETWEEN ALUMINIUM AND IRON ELECTRODES IN ELECTROCOAGULATION PROCESS FOR GLYPHOSATE REMOVAL

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (32) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabiatuladawiyah Danial ◽  
Luqman Chuah Abdullah ◽  
Mohsen Nourouzi Mobarekeh ◽  
Shafreeza Sobri ◽  
Nordayana Mohd Adnan
Keyword(s):  
Charged Particles ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Iron Electrodes ◽  
Metal Plates ◽  
Aqueous Environments ◽  
Electrocoagulation Process ◽  
Set Up

This study was intended to compare the performance of electrocoagulation process using aluminium and iron electrodes for glyphosate removal in aqueous solution. The effects of initial glyphosate concentration, electrocoagulation time and distance between electrodes, were discussed in detail. An electrocoagulation tank of 500mL with two metal plates electrodes, same in dimensions and metal types, was set up to perform batch mode laboratory experiment and the glyphosate in white powder was first diluted with deionized water. Production of metal cations showed an ability to neutralize negatively charged particles, which then encouraged to bind together to form aggregates of flocs composed of a combination of glyphosate and metal hydroxide. Compared with iron electrodes, aluminium electrodes were more effective for glyphosate removal, with a removal efficiency of over than 80%. This study revealed that electrocoagulation process using aluminium electrodes is reliable, especially designed for initial concentration 100 mg/L, electrocoagulation time 50 min, and distance between electrodes 6 cm. Finally, it can be concluded that electrocoagulation process using aluminium electrodes is efficient for glyphosate removal from aqueous environments.

Energy loss and straggling of charged particles in plasmas of all degeneracies

1981 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 1898-1905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Néstor R. Arista ◽  
Werner Brandt
Keyword(s):  
Energy Loss ◽  
Charged Particles

Dynamic properties of the energy loss of multi-MeV charged particles traveling in two-component warm dense plasmas

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen-Guo Fu ◽  
Zhigang Wang ◽  
Meng-Lei Li ◽  
Da-Fang Li ◽  
Wei Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Loss ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Dense Plasmas ◽  
Two Component

Interactions of particles with matter

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-88
Author(s):  
Hermann Kolanoski ◽  
Norbert Wermes
Keyword(s):  
Energy Loss ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Transition Radiation ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Coulomb Scattering ◽  
Interaction Processes ◽  
Multiple Coulomb Scattering

Particles are sensed through their interactions with matter. To begin with, the chapter introduces the terms cross section and absorption. Then successively the most important interactions that are employed for the detection of the various particle types are discussed: energy loss of charged particles by ionisation and bremsstrahlung, multiple Coulomb scattering of charged particles, interactions of photons and hadrons with matter. The interactions leading to the development of electromagnetic and hadronic showers are treated in more detail in chapter 15 (Calorimeters), while energy loss by Cherenkov and transition radiation are discussed in chapters 11 and 12, respectively. When describing the interaction processes an attempt is made to address the theoretical background in a way that the derivations ought to be comprehensible.

scholarly journals Energy loss by fast-travelling charged particles traversing two-dimensional materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 03005
Author(s):  
Jaime E. Santos ◽  
Mikhail Vasilevskiy ◽  
Nuno M.R. Peres ◽  
Antti-Pekka Jauho
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Energy Loss ◽  
2D Materials ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Monolayer Graphene ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Particle Detection ◽  
Hydrodynamic Approximation ◽  
Radiation Losses ◽  
Two Dimensional Materials

We consider the problem of the radiation losses by fast-traveling particles traversing two-dimensional (2d) materials or thin films. After review¬ing the screening of electromagnetic fields by two dimensional conducting ma¬terials, we obtain the energy loss by a fast particle traversing such a material or film. In particular, we discuss the pattern of radiation emitted by monolayer graphene treated within a hydrodynamic approximation. These results are com¬pared with recent published results using similar approximations and, having in mind a potential application to particle detection, we briefly discuss how one can improve on the signals obtained by using other two-dimensional materials.

Pneumatic and similar breakwaters

1955 ◽  
Vol 231 (1187) ◽  
pp. 457-466 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Small Amplitude ◽  
Wave Motion ◽  
Surface Current ◽  
Water Velocity ◽  
Air Injection ◽  
Air Bubbles ◽  
Surface Currents ◽  
Damping Effect ◽  
Water Jets ◽  
Set Up

The process of calming waves by injecting air bubbles beneath the surface has been known to civil engineers for nearly 50 years. It has been little used for its results have been erratic, its method of working was unknown and its effect could not be predicted. The investigation described in this paper has shown that the surface currents set up by air injection, and the distribution of the water velocity within the currents, can be matched by currents set up by water jets, and that the two currents so matched have almost the same wave-damping effect whether they are set up by water jets or by air. It is concluded that the bubbles as such have at most a very small effect on the wave motion. It is found that waves of small amplitude are stopped in the way predicted theoretically, but that as the amplitude increases the surface current necessary to stop waves of a given length increases.

UPGRADE FOR THE CBELSA/TAPS EXPERIMENT AT ELSA FOR η AND η′ DECAYS

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (05n06) ◽  
pp. 938-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
MICHAEL LANG
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Final State ◽  
Accelerator Facility ◽  
Neutral Particles ◽  
Tracking Detector ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Photo Production

The CBELSA/TAPS experiment is a set up installed at the accelerator facility ELSA in Bonn. It is used to measure cross sections of hadronic reactions by observing final state particles. The set up is well suited for the identification of neutral particles such as neutrons and photons (e.g. from π0 decay). It is planed to access the major part of η and η′ photo production and decays as also strangeness. This requires a neutral trigger capability for the detector set up and a tracking detector for charged particles.

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