Press Liquor Filtration

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bob Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Basic Premise ◽  
Filtration Equipment ◽  
Lower Viscosity ◽  
Engineering Conference ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Viscosity Fluid ◽  
Fiber Filter

Usually a Citrus Engineering Conference presentation before this group is done to report some advance in citrus related technology. This paper, however, is limited to suggesting an area where significant benefits might result from further study and testing. This paper has to do with improving the thermal efficiency of citrus feedmills. The idea presented can also help reduce cleaning expenses. The concept has to do with filtering press liquor ahead of a Waste Heat Evaporator (WHE). Work done so far is not definitive, and it is clear that further testing is required. The paper is focused on a machine known variously as the Turbo Filter or Fiber Filter. This is unfortunate because other filtration equipment may be even more effective or commercially justifiable. The basic premise of this paper, which needs to be demonstrated, is that improved filtration of press liquor results in lower viscosity fluid in the WHE. In turn this allows the WHE to produce higher Brix molasses. The result of this are improved thermal efficiency of the citrus feedmill. Paper published with permission.

scholarly journals Optimisation of a Quasi-Steady Model of a Free-Piston Stirling Engine

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayodeji Sowale ◽  
Edward Anthony ◽  
Athanasios Kolios
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Stirling Engine ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Free Piston ◽  
Output Performance ◽  
Free Piston Stirling Engine ◽  
External Combustion ◽  
Work Done

Energy from waste heat recovery is receiving considerable attention due to the demand for power systems that are less polluting. This has led to the investigation of external combustion engines such as the free-piston Stirling engine (FPSE) due to its ability to generate power from any source of heat and, especially, waste heat. However, there are still some limitations in the modelling, design and practical utilisation of this type of engine. Modelling of the FPSE has proved to be a difficult task due to the lack of mechanical linkages in its configuration, which poses problems for achieving stability. Also, a number of studies have been reported that attempt to optimise the output performance considering the characteristics of the engine configuration. In this study the optimisation of the second-order quasi-steady model of the gamma-type FPSE is carried out using the genetic algorithm (GA) to maximise the performance in terms of power output, and considering the design parameters of components such as piston and displacer damper, geometry of heat exchangers, and regenerator porosity. This present study shows that the GA optimisation of the RE-1000 FPSE design parameters improved its performance from work done and output power of 33.2 J and 996 W, respectively, with thermal efficiency of 23%, to 44.2 J and 1326 W with thermal efficiency of 27%.

scholarly journals Enabling thermal efficiency improvement and waste heat recovery using liquid air harnessed from offshore renewable energy sources

2020 ◽  
Vol 275 ◽  
pp. 115351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian D. Osorio ◽  
Mayank Panwar ◽  
Alejandro Rivera-Alvarez ◽  
Chrys Chryssostomidis ◽  
Rob Hovsapian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Efficiency Improvement

Efficiency Enhancement of Novel Photovoltaic-Thermal (PVT) Air Collector

2014 ◽  
Vol 494-495 ◽  
pp. 1845-1848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Liang Tsai ◽  
Chieh Yen Hsu ◽  
Yung Chou Chen
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Heat Sink ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery ◽  
Conduction Mechanism ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Efficiency Enhancement

This paper presents the efficiency enhancement for a novel photovoltaic/thermal (PVT) air collector in which PV and thermal efficiency is simultaneously enhanced with a reciprocal aid. With the encapsulation of solar cells directly on a fin-type heat sink, the direct conduction mechanism and the convective area for the thermal transportation are effectively increased. Through a two-month experiment measurement, it is found that the thermal efficiency of PVT module is obviously enhanced up to over 50% in sunny days. In addition, the waste heat recovery decreases the operating temperature of solar cells and concurrently improves the PV efficiency. The results demonstrate the concurrent enhancement of the novel PVT module in PV electricity and solar thermal efficiency.

scholarly journals Thermodynamic Analysis of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycle for Internal Combustion Engine Waste Heat Recovery

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Yu ◽  
Qichao Gong ◽  
Dan Gao ◽  
Gang Wang ◽  
Huashan Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Recovery Ratio ◽  
Split Flow ◽  
Exhaust Heat ◽  
Exhaust Heat Recovery

Waste heat recovery of the internal combustion engine (ICE) has attracted much attention, and the supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO2) cycle was considered as a promising technology. In this paper, a comparison of four S-CO2 cycles for waste heat recovery from the ICE was presented. Improving the exhaust heat recovery ratio and cycle thermal efficiency were significant to the net output power. A discussion about four different cycles with different design parameters was conducted, along with a thermodynamic performance. The results showed that choosing an appropriate inlet pressure of the compressor could achieve the maximum exhaust heat recovery ratio, and the pressure increased with the rising of the turbine inlet pressure and compressor inlet temperature. The maximum exhaust heat recovery ratio for recuperation and pre-compression of the S-CO2 cycle were achieved at 7.65 Mpa and 5.8 MPa, respectively. For the split-flow recompression cycle, thermal efficiency first increased with the increasing of the split ratio (SR), then decreased with a further increase of the SR, but the exhaust heat recovery ratio showed a sustained downward trend with the increase of the SR. For the split-flow expansion cycle, the optimal SR was 0.43 when the thermal efficiency and exhaust heat recovery ratio achieved the maximum. The highest recovery ratio was 24.75% for the split-flow expansion cycle when the total output power, which is the sum of the ICE power output and turbine mechanical power output, increased 15.3%. The thermal performance of the split-flow expansion cycle was the best compared to the other three cycles.

Energy Conversion by Nanomaterial-Based Trapezoidal-Shaped Leg of Thermoelectric Generator Considering Convection Heat Transfer Effect

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abu Raihan Mohammad Siddique ◽  
Franziska Kratz ◽  
Shohel Mahmud ◽  
Bill Van Heyst
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Thermoelectric Materials ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Convection Heat Transfer ◽  
Peltier Effect ◽  
Convection Heat ◽  
Cold Surface ◽  
Current Output

Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) can harvest energy without any negative environmental impact using low potential sources, such as waste heat, and subsequently convert that energy into electricity. Different shaped leg geometries and nanostructured thermoelectric materials have been investigated over the last decades in order to improve the thermal efficiency of the TEGs. In this paper, a numerical study on the performance analysis of a nanomaterial-based (i.e., p-type leg composed of BiSbTe nanostructured bulk alloy and n-type leg composed of Bi2Te3 with 0.1 vol % SiC nanoparticles) trapezoidal-shaped leg geometry has been investigated considering the Seebeck effect, Peltier effect, Thomson effect, Fourier heat conduction, and surface to surrounding irreversible heat transfer loss. Different surface convection heat transfer losses (h) are considered to characterize the current output, power output, and thermal efficiency at various hot surface (TH) and cold surface (TC) temperatures. Good agreement has been achieved between the numerical and analytical results. Moreover, current numerical results are compared with previous related works. The designed nanomaterial-based TEG shows better performance in terms of output current and thermal efficiency with the thermal efficiency increasing from 7.3% to 8.7% using nanomaterial instead of traditional thermoelectric materials at h = 0 W/m2K while TH is 500 K and TC is 300 K.

The Experimental Research on Instantaneous Efficiency of PV/T Module Based on Micro Heat Pipe Array

2013 ◽  
Vol 732-733 ◽  
pp. 306-311
Author(s):  
Zhen Hua Quan ◽  
Lin Cheng Wang ◽  
Yao Hua Zhao ◽  
Yue Chao Deng ◽  
Gang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Heat Pipe ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Total Efficiency ◽  
Micro Heat Pipe ◽  
Key Factor

A novel photovoltaic /thermal (PV/T) module is invented, which use micro heat pipe array (MHPA), a flat heat pipe, to cool the solar cell. The PV/T module can achieve the purpose of cogeneration by collecting and utilizing waste heat while cooling the solar cell and improving power efficiency. In order to test the performance of PV/T module based on MHPA, instantaneous thermal efficiency test was performed. The intercept of measured instantaneous thermal efficiency curve can reach 41.4%, the slope is 3.95. The temperature of PV module is the key factor of the influencing electric efficiency. The PV/T modules electric efficiency is kept between 10.5% and 12.3% during the test. Solar energy utilization total efficiency at 20°C inlet temperature can reach more than 50%, and comprehensive performance efficiency can reach above 70%.

scholarly journals Technologies for Waste Heat Recovery in Off-Shore Applications

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Pierobon ◽  
Fredrik Haglind ◽  
Rambabu Kandepu ◽  
Alessandro Fermi ◽  
Nicola Rossetti
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Payback Time ◽  
Low Weight

In off-shore oil and gas platforms the selection of the gas turbine to support the electrical and mechanical demand on site is often a compromise between reliability, efficiency, compactness, low weight and fuel flexibility. Therefore, recovering the waste heat in off-shore platforms presents both technological and economic challenges that need to be overcome. However, onshore established technologies such as the steam Rankine cycle, the air bottoming cycle and the organic Rankine cycle can be tailored to recover the exhaust heat off-shore. In the present paper, benefits and challenges of these three different technologies are presented, considering the Draugen platform in the North Sea as a base case. The Turboden 65-HRS unit is considered as representative of the organic Rankine cycle technology. Air bottoming cycles are analyzed and optimal design pressure ratios are selected. We also study a one pressure level steam Rankine cycle employing the once-through heat recovery steam generator without bypass stack. We compare the three technologies considering the combined cycle thermal efficiency, the weight, the net present value, the profitability index and payback time. Both incomes related to CO2 taxes and natural gas savings are considered. The results indicate that the Turboden 65-HRS unit is the optimal technology, resulting in a combined cycle thermal efficiency of 41.5% and a net present value of around 15 M$, corresponding to a payback time of approximately 4.5 years. The total weight of the unit is expected to be around 250 ton. The air bottoming cycle without intercooling is also a possible alternative due to its low weight (76 ton) and low investment cost (8.8 M$). However, cycle performance and profitability index are poorer, 12.1% and 0.75. Furthermore, the results suggest that the once-trough single pressure steam cycle has a combined cycle thermal efficiency of 40.8% and net present value of 13.5 M$. The total weight of the steam Rankine cycle is estimated to be around 170 ton.

Simulations of Waste Heat Recovery System Using R123 and R245fa for Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines

2013 ◽  
Vol 805-806 ◽  
pp. 1827-1835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Shan Wei ◽  
Lei Shi ◽  
Chao Chen Ma ◽  
Danish Syed Noman
Keyword(s):  
Mass Flow ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Engine Exhaust ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Working Fluids ◽  
Mass Flow Rates ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel

To improve fuel economy, an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system is proposed to recover waste heat from heavy-duty diesel engines. R123 and R245fa were selected as working fluids. Extensive numerical simulations were conducted to find thermal efficiency of the system under different evaporation pressures, mass flow rates of working fluids and temperature of engine exhaust gases. Results show that the system thermal efficiency was increased with the increase in evaporation pressure for both R123 and R245fa. Efficiency of R123 system was found to be greater than that of R245fa system. For Rankine cycle with both R123 and R245fa, mass flow rate range varied with the evaporation pressure. Limited by evaporation rates and thermal decomposition of the working fluid, the range of mass flow rates in R245fa system was narrower than the R123 system. The thermal efficiency with different temperatures of engine exhaust gases was similar under the fixed evaporation pressure.

scholarly journals Parametric Study of a Supercritical CO2 Power Cycle for Waste Heat Recovery with Variation in Cold Temperature and Heat Source Temperature

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 6648
Author(s):  
Young-Min Kim ◽  
Young-Duk Lee ◽  
Kook-Young Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Heat Source ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Power Cycle ◽  
Cooling Temperature ◽  
Source Temperature ◽  
Heat Source Temperature

The supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO2) power cycle is a promising development for waste heat recovery (WHR) due to its high efficiency despite its simplicity and compactness compared with a steam bottoming cycle. A simple recuperated S-CO2 power cycle cannot fully utilize the waste heat due to the trade-off between the heat recovery and thermal efficiency of the cycle. A split cycle in which the working fluid is preheated by the recuperator and the heat source separately can be used to maximize the power output from a given waste heat source. In this study, the operating conditions of split S-CO2 power cycles for waste heat recovery from a gas turbine and an engine were studied to accommodate the temperature variation of the heat sink and the waste heat source. The results show that it is vital to increase the low pressure of the cycle along with a corresponding increase in the cooling temperature to maintain the low-compression work near the critical point. The net power decreases by 6 to 9% for every 5 °C rise in the cooling temperature from 20 to 50 °C due to the decrease in heat recovery and thermal efficiency of the cycle. The effect of the heat-source temperature on the optimal low-pressure side was negligible, and the optimal high pressure of the cycle increased with an increase in the heat-source temperature. As the heat-source temperature increased in steps of 50 °C from 300 to 400 °C, the system efficiency increased by approximately 2% (absolute efficiency), and the net power significantly increased by 30 to 40%.

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