Laser Direct Joining Between Stainless Steel and Amorphous Polyamide Plastic

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousuke Kawahito ◽  
Seiji Katayama ◽  
Koji Nishimoto
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Dissimilar Materials ◽  
Dissimilar Material ◽  
Si3n4 Ceramic ◽  
Laser Joining ◽  
Engineering Plastic ◽  
Joining Process

Joining of the dissimilar materials is necessary and important from a manufacturing viewpoint. Therefore, the authors have developed a new laser direct joining method between metals and plastics. In this research, such joining was applied to join Si3N4 ceramic and PET engineering plastic, although the metal was replaced by the ceramic. The shear strength of the joints was 3100 N, which was strong enough to elongate PET plates of 2 mm thickness and 30 mm width. It was confirmed that this laser joining process was effective to directly produce a strong dissimilar material joint of a ceramic and an engineering plastic.

Biocompatibility and Corrosion Response of Laser Joined NiTi to Stainless Steel Wires

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant Brandal ◽  
Y. Lawrence Yao ◽  
Syed Naveed
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Implantable Medical Devices ◽  
Laser Joining ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Nickel Release ◽  
Microbiological Testing ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Nickel Release Rate ◽  
Niti Wires ◽  
Joining Process

The biocompatibility of nickel titanium (NiTi) wires joined to stainless steel (SS) wires via laser autogenous brazing has been evaluated. The laser joining process is designed to limit the amount of mixing of the materials, thus preventing the formation of brittle intermetallic phases. This process has the potential for manufacturing implantable medical devices; therefore, the biocompatibility must be determined. Laser joined samples underwent nickel release rate, polarization, hemolysis, and cytotoxicity testing. Competing effects regarding grain refinement and galvanic effects were found to influence the corrosion response. After 15 days of exposure to a simulated body fluid, the total nickel released is less than 2 ug/cm2. Numerical modeling of the corrosion currents along the wires, by making use of polarization data, helped to explain these results. Microbiological testing found a maximum hemolytic index of 1.8, while cytotoxicity tests found a zero toxicity grade. All of these results indicate that the autogenous laser brazing process results in joints with good biocompatibility.

scholarly journals Influence of Processing Parameters on Laser Direct Joining of CFRTP and Stainless Steel

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liyuan Sheng ◽  
Junke Jiao ◽  
Beining Du ◽  
Feiya Wang ◽  
Qiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Joint Interface ◽  
Joint Shear Strength ◽  
Laser Joining ◽  
Joint Quality ◽  
Clamping Pressure

The CFRTP and the stainless steel were joined by the fiber laser, and the effect of processing parameters on the joint quality was investigated in detail. The heat-affected zone on the stainless steel and the microstructure of the joint interface were examined and analyzed. The results showed that the laser joining process refines the microstructure of the fusion and heat-affected zones in the stainless steel. And the tensile strength of the joint was affected greatly by the laser power and scanning speed but slightly by the clamping pressure. With the PPS additive, the joint shear strength could be improved, and the optimal PPS additive thickness is 300 μm. With the best parameters, joint with a shear strength of 15–17 MPa could be obtained as the laser power is 320–350 W, the scanning speed is 4-5 mm/s, the clamping pressure is about 0.5 Mpa, and the additive PPS thickness is about 300 μm.

CLC 18.10LN

Alloy Digest ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
The Other ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Good Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract CLC 18.10LN is an austenitic stainless steel with 18% Cr, 9.5% Ni, and 0.14% N to provide good corrosion resistance at strengths above the other low-carbon stainless steels. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, tensile properties, and shear strength as well as creep. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-950. Producer or source: Industeel USA, LLC.

SOLEIL C5

Alloy Digest ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Martensitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Good Corrosion Resistance

Abstract SOLEIL C5 is a 13% chromium 4% nickel martensitic stainless steel with improved toughness and good corrosion resistance to fresh water. Shafts and compressor impellers for hydraulic applications is the area of primary usage. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and shear strength as well as fracture toughness and fatigue. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, and joining. Filing Code: SS-595. Producer or source: Creusot-Marrel.

ENDURO FC

Alloy Digest ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Aisi Type ◽  
Type Stainless Steel

Abstract ENDURO FC is a free-machining chromium type stainless steel equivalent to AISI Type 416. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and shear strength as well as fracture toughness, creep, and fatigue. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: SS-46. Producer or source: Republic Steel Corporation.

EASTERN STAINLESS TYPE 304L

Alloy Digest ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Steel Company ◽  
Aisi Type ◽  
Type 304

Abstract EASTERN STAINLESS TYPE 304L is the basic 18-8 chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steel with a very low carbon content (0.03% max.). Its general resistance to corrosion is similar to AISI Type 304 but, because of its low carbon content, it has superior resistance to the formation of harmful carbides that indirectly contribute to intergranular corrosion. It is recommended for most articles of welded construction. Postweld annealing is not necessary. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and shear strength as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: SS-427. Producer or source: Eastern Stainless Steel Company.

Assessment of mechanical and biocompatible performance of ultra-large nitinol endovascular devices fabricated via a low-energy laser joining process

2021 ◽  
pp. 088532822110195
Author(s):  
Moataz Elsisy ◽  
Mahdis Shayan ◽  
Yanfei Chen ◽  
Bryan W Tillman ◽  
Catherine Go ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Power ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Spot Size ◽  
Laser Joining ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Energy Laser ◽  
Joining Process ◽  
Endovascular Devices ◽  
Low Energy Laser

Nitinol is an excellent candidate material for developing various self-expanding endovascular devices due to its unique properties such as superelasticity, biocompatibility and shape memory effect. A low-energy laser joining technique suggests a high potential to create various large diameter Nitinol endovascular devices that contain complex geometries. The primary purpose of the study is to investigate the effects of laser joining process parameters with regard to the mechanical and biocompatible performance of Nitinol stents. Both the chemical composition and the microstructure of the laser-welded joints were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). In vitro study results on cytotoxicity demonstrated that the joining condition of 8 Hz frequency and 1 kW laser power showed the highest degree of endothelial cell viability after thermal annealing in 500°C for 30 min. Also, in vitro study results showed the highest oxygen content at 0.9 kW laser power, 8 Hz frequency, and 0.3 mm spot size after the thermal annealing. Mechanical performance test results showed that the optimal condition for the highest disconnecting force was found at 1 Hz frequency and 1 kW power with 0.6 mm spot size. Two new endovascular devices have been fabricated using the optimized laser joining parameters, which have demonstrated successful device delivery and retrieval, as well as acute biocompatibility.

scholarly journals Joining of SiO2 glass and 316L stainless steel using Bi–Ag-based active solders

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 3444-3454
Author(s):  
Felix Weber ◽  
Markus Rettenmayr
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Dissimilar Materials ◽  
Intermetallic Phases ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Cast State ◽  
Metallic Component ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solder Interface

Abstract Active brazing is a commonly used method for joining dissimilar materials with at least one non-metallic component. In the present study, joining of SiO2 glass to 316L stainless steel was performed utilizing Bi–Ag-based solders. Ti up to a concentration of 4 and Mg up to 1 wt.% were added as active elements. Microstructures of the solder alloys in the as-cast state and of cross sections of the joined compounds were analysed using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. In the as-cast state of the solder, Ti is found in Bi–Ti intermetallic phases; Mg is partially dissolved in the fcc-(Ag) phase and additionally contained in a ternary Ag-Bi-Mg phase. After soldering, a tight joint was generated using several alloy compositions. Ti leads to the formation of reaction products at the steel/solder and glass/solder interfaces, and Mg is exclusively accumulated at the glass/solder interface.

Evaluation of the Tube to Tubesheet Joining Process in an AL6XN® Feedwater Heater

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Svensson ◽  
Michael Catapano
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Intimate Contact ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Digital Microscope ◽  
304 Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Tube Expansion ◽  
Joining Process

Type 304 austenitic stainless steel is the most common tube material utilized for nuclear feedwater heaters, however, some utilities have experienced problems with Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC), especially when they utilize brackish cooling water and have experienced condenser tube leaks. This has forced some utilities to explore other options when it comes to high pressure feedwater heaters (HP FWH) tubing materials. AL6XN® is considered a “super” stainless steel that is resistant to (SCC), however, it is not immune (AL6XN is a trademark of ATI Technologies). Based on the relative inexperience and unknowns related to the use of AL6XN tubing in high pressure, nuclear feedwater heater applications, a detailed mock-up procedure was outlined as part of the replacement heater specification which would allow the evaluation of the tube to tubesheet joining processes. Since AL6XN can still be affected by SCC; steps were taken in order to minimize the imposed stress levels and any potential for the inadvertent inclusion of contaminants during the fabrication steps at the tube mill and at the feedwater heater Manufacturer’s shop. The desire to minimize stresses also applies at the tube to tubesheet joint, therefore, it was desired not to stress the tube more than absolutely necessary in achieving a reliable, leak tight joint. The mock-up details and procedures were therefore generated with these objectives in mind, so as to give consideration for the ability to check different configurations in order to determine the most efficient tube to tubesheet joining process. Several tubes in the mock-up were subjected to a pull out test in order to quantify the joint strength in the different configurations. The mockup was then sectioned and inspected under a digital microscope to verify intimate contact between the tube and the tubesheet. Once the optimal procedure was identified, four identical HP FWHs were constructed utilizing AL6XN tubing. During heater production, over 30,000 tube ends were expanded, however, two tubes were identified to have failures as part of the tube expansion process. This paper shall describe the procedures utilized in developing and analyzing the tubesheet mock-up as well the actions taken to identify the root causes of the tube failures.

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