Technology Development Programs for the Advanced Turbine Systems Engine

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihor S. Diakunchak ◽  
Ronald L. Bannister ◽  
David J. Huber ◽  
D. Frank Roan
Keyword(s):  
Closed Loop ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Current State ◽  
Low Nox Combustion ◽  
Steam Cooling

This paper describes the technologies that are being developed or extended beyond the current state-of-the-art to achieve Advanced Turbine Systems (ATS) Program goals. The Westinghouse ATS plant is an advanced closed-loop enoled combined cycle, based on an advanced gas turbine engine incorporating novel design concepts and enhancements of existing technologies. The ATS engine is a fuel-flexible design operating nn natural gas with provisions fnr future conversion to coal or biomass fuels. It is based nn proven concepts employed in 501F and 501G engines. To achieve the required performance and reliability the engine will include closed-loop steam cooling, advanced materials and coatings, and enhanced component performance. To minimize NOx emissions, an ultra-low NOx combustion system will be incorporated. To ensure technical success, development programs are being conducted on the following: closed-loop steam cooling, advanced materials and coatings, component aerodynamic performance, flow visualization, optical diagnostics, combustion generated noise, and catalytic combustion.

scholarly journals Update on Westinghouse’s Advanced Turbine Systems Program

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Amos ◽  
Ihor S. Diakunchak ◽  
Gerard McQuiggan ◽  
Leslie R. Southall ◽  
Gregg P. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Engine Design ◽  
Program Objective ◽  
Low Nox Combustion ◽  
Steam Cooling ◽  
Power Generation Systems

This paper describes progress on Westinghouse’s Advanced Turbine Systems (ATS) Program. The ATS Program objective is to develop new utility gas turbines with greater than 60% net plant thermal efficiency, NOx emissions limited to less than 10 parts per million, reduced cost of electricity generation by 10% over current systems, and reliability-availability-maintainability equivalent to modern power generation systems. The Westinghouse ATS plant is a highly efficient combined cycle, based on an advanced gas turbine incorporating novel design concepts and enhancements of existing technologies. The 501 ATS engine is a fuel-flexible design operating on natural gas with provisions for future conversion to coal or biomass fuels. It is based on proven concepts employed in Westinghouse 501F and 501G engines. To achieve the required performance and reliability, the engine utilizes closed-loop steam cooling, advanced materials and coatings, and enhanced component performance. To minimize NOx emissions, an ultra-low NOx combustion system was incorporated. To ensure success, the necessary technologies were developed and integrated into the ATS engine design.

Thermodynamic Evaluation of Combined Cycle Using Different Methods of Steam Cooling

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay ◽  
Onkar Singh ◽  
B. N. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Closed Loop ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Thermodynamic Evaluation ◽  
Real Situation ◽  
Cooling Medium ◽  
Reheat Steam ◽  
Steam Cooling ◽  
Topping Cycle ◽  
Cooling Methods ◽  
Steam Cycle

This paper deals with comparative study of the influence of different methods of steam cooling on the performance of simple combined gas/steam cycle plants. The topping cycle chosen is simple gas turbine while the bottoming cycle is a triple-pressure reheat steam cycle. Steam has been chosen as the cooling medium to be studied, as it is the most promising medium. All possible open and closed loop cooling with steam as the cooling medium have been considered. The prediction is based on the modeling of various elements of simple combined gas/steam cycle considering the real situation. The study shows that closed loop steam cooling is superior as compared to other steam cooling methods. However even though other two methods are slightly inferior technologically, but they do not suffer from the chances of problems of cogging of coolant holes if the steam is not ultra pure.

Thermodynamic Analysis of Closed Loop Cooled Cycles

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren T. Watson ◽  
Ian Ritchey
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Relative Advantage ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Efficiency Gain ◽  
Steam Cooling ◽  
Practical Constraints

Closed loop steam cooling schemes have been proposed by a number of manufacturers for advanced Combined Cycle Gas Turbine (CCGT) power plant (see for example Corman (1996) and Briesch et al. (1994)) asserting that thermal efficiencies in excess of 60% (LHV) are achievable combined with significant improvements of ∼15% in specific power (see Corman (1995)). In understanding the efficiency advantage however, the relative performance of each cooling system (subject to the same practical constraints and technology levels) is a better indicator then the absolute value. Assessment of the performance of such novel schemes generally involves a detailed numerical analysis of an integrated cycle which may often prevent validation of the results or obscure an understanding of the physical basis for the claimed improvements. Here, to overcome this, a group of simplified expressions are defined for the variation of each cycles efficiency due to cooling which show where the differences come from. These expressions are based simply on a calculation of the marginal increase in heat rejected, to the environment from the cycle, due to an increase in the level of cooling. After these relationships are validated using detailed heat balance calculations they are used to compare the main cooling options, namely open loop air, closed loop air and closed loop steam when subject to the same practical constraints and assumptions. Based on these results it is proposed that the relative advantage of closed loop cooling may not be as significant as previously thought. Furthermore, it is shown that the closed loop cooling efficiency gain is heavily dependent on the performance and reliability of substantial Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBCs). Finally, although the majority of recent interest in closed loop cooling schemes has focused upon CCGT plant, there are other systems where the benefits of closed loop steam cooling appear to be greater, in particular cycles involving steam injected gas turbines. Such a cycle is analysed here with a number of advanced cooling options.

Validation of Next Generation Catalyst Design Incorporating Advanced Materials and Processing Technology

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarento G. Nickolas ◽  
Philip B. Tuet ◽  
Jon G. McCarty ◽  
Suresh R. Vilayanur ◽  
Alberto E. Boleda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Catalyst Design ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Load Range ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Electrical Grid ◽  
Module Design

A Kawasaki Heavy Industries M1A-13X gas turbine engine equipped with a Xonon Cool Combustion® System was used to validate performance of a next generation catalyst module design incorporating advanced catalyst materials over 8000 hours of continuous operation. The unit ran unattended, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week connected to the electrical grid. NOx emissions were measured to be less than 2.5 ppm throughout the guaranteed operating load range (70–100%). CO emissions were measured to be less than 10 ppm; typically less than 1ppm across the same load range. The new catalyst module design incorporates features and technology developed during the past several years where durability was a primary focus. Performance test results from previous durability tests were used to develop theoretical predictive models. These models proved invaluable in determining the optimal catalyst formulation as well as the required operating conditions throughout the life of the combustion system. Successful validation of the new catalyst module design has led to incorporation of these advanced materials and design techniques in commercial products and prototype units. It is believed that continued technology development, as well as performance data gathered from field units, will support extending product life beyond the current guarantee of 8000 hours.

Evaluation of Advanced Combined Cycle Power Plants

1998 ◽  
Vol 212 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Kail
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Steam Quality ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Steam Cooling

This report will analyse and evaluate the most recent and significant trends in combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) power plant configurations. The various enhancements will be compared with the ‘simple’ gas turbine. The first trend, a gas turbine with reheat, cannot convert its better efficiency and higher output into a lower cost of electrical power. The additional investments required as well as increased maintenance costs will neutralize all the thermodynamic performance advantages. The second concept of cooling the turbine blades with steam puts very stringent requirements on the blade materials, the steam quality and the steam cooling system design. Closed-loop steam cooling of turbine blades offers cost advantages only if all its technical problems can be solved and the potential risks associated with the process can be eliminated through long demonstration programmes in the field. The third configuration, a gas turbine with a closed-loop combustion chamber cooling system, appears to be less problematic than the previous, steam-cooled turbine blades. In comparison with an open combustion chamber cooling system, this solution is more attractive due to better thermal performance and lower emissions. Either air or steam can be used as the cooling fluid.

Material and Process Impact on Aircraft Engine Designs of the 1990’s

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Sprague
Keyword(s):  
Financial Risk ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Life Extension ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
Turbine Airfoils ◽  
Rapidly Solidified ◽  
Clearance Control

For at least the next decade, as in the recent past, the materials and process area will assume a major role in the advancement of the propulsion gas turbine industry. The selection of promising material and process technologies, with highest payoff at lowest technical and financial risk, is a major challenge. Technology development programs undertaken in the laboratory are selected, based on design needs, compatibility with payoffs in specific and generic applications, and facilities requirements. Advanced materials and process technology efforts for exploitation include directional superalloys for turbine airfoils, clean superalloy blisk/disk materials, gas path seals for clearance control, thermal barrier coatings for airfoils and hybrid structures, composite materials, and rapidly solidified plasma deposited structures. These developments will contribute significantly to the major thrusts of performance improvement, weight reduction, reliability and life extension, and reduced initial ownership cost.

Final Report of the Key Technology Development Program for a Next-Generation High-Temperature Gas Turbine

1997 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 617-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sato ◽  
Y. Kobayashi ◽  
H. Matsuzaki ◽  
S. Aoki ◽  
Y. Tsukuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Key Technologies ◽  
Low Nox Combustion ◽  
System 2

There is a strong demand for efficient and clean power-generating systems to meet recent energy-saving requirements and environmental regulations. A combined cycle power plant is one of the best solutions to the above [1]. Tohoku Electric Power Co., Inc., and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., have jointly developed three key technologies for a next-generation 1500°C class gas turbine. The three key technologies consist of: (1) high-temperature low-NOx combustion system. (2) row 1 turbine vane and blade with advanced cooling schemes, and (3) advanced heat-resistant materials; (2) and (3) were verified by HTDU (High Temperature Demonstration Unit). This paper describes the results of the above-mentioned six-year joint development.

Final Report of the Key Technology Development Program for a Next Generation High Temperature Gas Turbine

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sato ◽  
Y. Kobayashi ◽  
H. Matsuzaki ◽  
S. Aoki ◽  
Y. Tsukuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Key Technologies ◽  
Low Nox Combustion ◽  
System 2

There is a strong demand for efficient and clean power generating systems to meet recent energy saving requirements and environmental regulations. A combined cycle power plant is one of the best solutions to the above. Tohoku Electric Power Co., Inc. and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. have jointly developed three key technologies for a next generation 1,500°C class gas turbine. The three key technologies consist of (1) high temperature low NOx combustion system, (2) row I turbine vane and blade with advanced cooling schemes, and (3) advanced heat resistant materials, verified by HTDU (High Temperature Demonstration Unit). This paper describes the results of the above mentioned 6 year joint development.

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