scholarly journals Current Status of Industrial and Automotive Ceramic Gas Turbine R&D in Japan

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soichi Nagamatsu ◽  
Kazuyuki Mizuhara ◽  
Yukio Matsuda ◽  
Akio Iwanaga ◽  
Shoji Ishiwata
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Ceramic Components ◽  
Engine Components

The current status of Japan’s national Ceramic Gas Turbines (CGTs) projects is overviewed. The Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) is conducting two national R&D projects on CGT. These include a project on 300kW industrial CGTs for co-generation and mobile power generation use and a project on 100kW CGT for automotive use. The 300kW project was started in 1988, and is scheduled to develop three kinds of CGTs over nine years. The New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) is the main contractor, and three groups of private industries are sub contractors. Three national research institutes are involved in the project to conduct supportive research of ceramic materials and engine components. The 100kW project has started in 1990, and is scheduled to develop a single shaft automotive CGT over seven years. Petroleum Energy Center (PEC) and JARI are the main contractors with the cooperation of several petroleum and automotive companies. The goals for the two projects are 42% and higher for thermal efficiency at a turbine inlet temperature of 1350C. Such targets could not be achieved without applying high temperature ceramics to the engine components. Therefore many R&D objectives are directed towards developing the ceramic components which have a higher flexure strength and fracture toughness. Currently, 300kW base metal gas turbine engines are being developed to prove the design concepts. Blade shapes suitable to ceramics are being studied by the FEM method. Forming and manufacturing large components are also being studied, and some ceramics components have been successfully made.

scholarly journals Current Status of Ceramic Gas Turbine R&D in Japan

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiichiro Yamagishi ◽  
Yukio Yamada ◽  
Yoshihiro Echizenya ◽  
Shoji Ishiwata
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Ceramic Components ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Engine Components

The Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) has started two nine-year national R&D projects for small-capacity ceramic gas turbines (CGTs) from 1988, following several preliminary investigations of the technical aspects and of the social impacts of CGTs. Planned 300kW industrial ceramic gas turbines are to be used for co-generation and mobile power generation. The goals are 42% and higher for the thermal efficiency at the turbine inlet temperature of 1350°C, and the emission from the exhaust gas should meet the regulatory values. Also ceramic components have the goals of 400MPa for the minimum flexure strength at 1500°C, and 15 MPam1/2 for the fracture toughness. New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) is the main contractor, and three groups of private industries are the subcontractors for 300kW industrial CGT project. Three national research institutes are involved in the projects to conduct supportive research of ceramic materials and engine components as well as to carry out assessment of the materials and engine systems developed by the private industries. The development of 100kW CGT for automotive use was also recommended in the above stated investigations and a two-year preliminary study started in 1988. The full-scale 100kW automotive CGT R&D project is scheduled to start in 1990 after the preliminary study. Japan Automobile Research Institute, Inc. (JARI) is the main contractor for 100kW automotive CGT project with the cooperation of three automobile companies.

scholarly journals Development of 300 kW Class Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT302)

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aklo Watanabe ◽  
Tetsuo Tatsumi ◽  
Kazuhiko Tanimura ◽  
Isashi Takehara ◽  
Tatsuo Fujii
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
Hybrid Concept ◽  
Ceramic Components ◽  
Energy Saving Technology

The Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) is promoting the Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT) project for energy saving technology development under the ‘New Sunshine project’. The objective of this project is to develop a 300 kW ceramic gas turbine with 42% thermal efficiency at 1350°C turbine inlet temperature. Three types of CGT are under development for individual purposes and concepts. CGT302 is the recuperated two-shaft ceramic gas turbine for cogeneration use. Ceramic materials have many advantages in the application of high temperature gas turbines, but there are still several problems of practical use. Therefore, we introduce the unique technology of monolithic - FRC hybrid concept to fabricate large ceramic components, stress free supporting structure, joining technology, etc. The all ceramic components of the 1200°C CGT were successfully fabricated and engine tests are in progress. This paper will describe the technologies of the CGT302 development and results of engine tests.

scholarly journals Current Status of Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT302)

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotake Kobayashi ◽  
Tetsuo Tatsumi ◽  
Takashi Nakashima ◽  
Isashi Takehara ◽  
Yoshihiro Ichikawa
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
New Energy

In Japan, from the point of view of energy saving and environmental protection, a 300kW Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT) Research and Development program started in 1988 and is still continuing as a part of “the New Sunshine Project” promoted by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITT). The final target of the program is to achieve 42% thermal efficiency at 1350°C of turbine inlet temperature (TIT) and to keep NOx emissions below present national regulations. Under contract to the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO), Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. (KHI) has been developing the CGT302 with Kyocera Corporation and Sumitomo Precision Products Co., Ltd. By the end of the fiscal year 1996, the CGT302 achieved 37.0% thermal efficiency at 1280°C of TIT. In 1997, TIT reached 1350°C and a durability operation for 20 hours at 1350°C was conducted successfully. Also fairly low NOx was proved at 1300°C of TIT. In January 1998, the CGT302 has achieved 37.4% thermal efficiency at 1250°C TIT. In this paper, we will describe our approaches to the target performance of the CGT302 and current status.

Development and Evaluation of Ceramic Components for Gas Turbine

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takero Fukudome ◽  
Sazo Tsuruzono ◽  
Wataru Karasawa ◽  
Yoshihiro Ichikawa
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Combustion Gas ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
Nitride Material ◽  
Ceramic Components

An 8000 kW class Hybrid Gas Turbine (HGT) project, administered by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO), has been ongoing since July of 1999 in Japan. Targets of this project are improvement in thermal efficiency and output power by using ceramic components, and early commercialization of the gas turbine system. The ceramic components are used for stationary parts subjected to high temperature, such as combustor liners, transition ducts, and first stage turbine nozzles. Development of the gas turbine is conducted by Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. (KHI), to achieve the Turbine Inlet Temperature (TIT) of 1250°C, thermal efficiency of 34%, NOx emission less than standard regulation values, and 4,000 h engine durability. Kyocera is in charge of the development and evaluation of the ceramic components. Recently, recession of the Si based ceramic materials under the combustion gas is the focus of attention to improve the reliability of ceramic components for gas turbine. For the HGT project, the silicon nitride material (SN282 : silicon nitride material produced by Kyocera Corporation) is used for the components subjected to high temperature. The SN282 was evaluated under the combustion gas, and clear recession was observed. Our technology of the Environmental Barrier Coating (EBC) is under development to obtain reliable heat resistive SN282 components, against the recession by combustion gas. Reliability of the SN282 with EBC has been evaluated by exposure and hydrothermal corrosion test. Ceramic components made of SN282 with EBC will be also evaluated by a proof engine test of 4,000 h, which starts in the spring of 2002.

Current Status of 300 kW Class Industrial Ceramic Gas Turbine R&D in Japan

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuki Murayama ◽  
Kunihiro Nagata ◽  
Masanobu Taki ◽  
Hisao Ogiyama
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
Great Progress ◽  
New Energy

Advanced technologies in Ceramics Gas Turbine (CGT) are expected to make a great progress in energy conservation, anti-pollution, and fuel-diversification. In Japan, R&D’s in industrial usage 300 kW class CGT have been advanced under a national project entitled “New Sunshine Program”, under the subsidy of Agency of Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) through the period of FY1988–1996. In this project, three different type prototypes of the CGT are under development through New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO). Over the last six years, the basic designs have been completed and the ceramic elements such as turbine rotors, scrolls, and combustors were successfully fabricated. To check up the whole progress of the project, an interim evaluation is scheduled by the end of FY1993. Toward this evaluation, each prototype has been programmed to demonstrate 1200°C of Turbine Inlet Temperature (TIT) and prove more than 30% of thermal efficiency. (The ultimate target in the project is 42% of thermal efficiency at 1350°C TIT.) They would also show enough environmental adaptability. In this paper, overall status of the development in the 300kW CGT project is reviewed and the items in the interim evaluation are explained.

Ceramic Composite Development for Gas Turbine Engine Hot Section Components

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. DiCarlo ◽  
Mark van Roode
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Ceramic Matrix Composites ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Gas Turbine Engine ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Ceramic Components ◽  
Monolithic Ceramics ◽  
Engine Components

The development of ceramic materials for incorporation into the hot section of gas turbine engines has been ongoing for about fifty years. Researchers have designed, developed, and tested ceramic gas turbine components in rigs and engines for automotive, aero-propulsion, industrial, and utility power applications. Today, primarily because of materials limitations and/or economic factors, major challenges still remain for the implementation of ceramic components in gas turbines. For example, because of low fracture toughness, monolithic ceramics continue to suffer from the risk of failure due to unknown extrinsic damage events during engine service. On the other hand, ceramic matrix composites (CMC) with their ability to display much higher damage tolerance appear to be the materials of choice for current and future engine components. The objective of this paper is to briefly review the design and property status of CMC materials for implementation within the combustor and turbine sections for gas turbine engine applications. It is shown that although CMC systems have advanced significantly in thermo-structural performance within recent years, certain challenges still exist in terms of producibility, design, and affordability for commercial CMC turbine components. Nevertheless, there exist some recent successful efforts for prototype CMC components within different engine types.

scholarly journals Development of Ceramic Gas Turbine Components for the CGT301 Engine

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuru Hattori ◽  
Tsutomu Yamamoto ◽  
Keiichiro Watanabe ◽  
Masaaki Masuda
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Ceramic Components ◽  
Resistant Ceramic

NGK Insulators, Ltd. (NGK) has undertaken the research and development on the fabrication processes of high-heat-resistant ceramic components for the CGT301, which is a 300kW recuperative industrial ceramic gas turbine engine. This program is under the New Sunshine Project, funded by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI), and has been guided by the Agency of Industrial Science & Technology (AIST) since 1988. The New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) is the main contractor. The fabrication techniques for ceramic components, such as turbine blades, turbine nozzles, combustor liners, gas-path parts, and heat exchanger elements, for the 1,200°C engine were developed by 1993. Development for the 1,350°C engine has been underway since 1994. The baseline conditions for fabricating of all ceramic components have been established. This paper reports on the development of ceramic gas turbine components, and the improved accuracies of their shapes as well as improved reliability from the results of the interim appraisal conducted in 1994.

Development of 300kW Class Ceramic Gas Turbine (CGT303)

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Issel Ohhashi ◽  
Sadao Arakawa
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Power Generator ◽  
Construction Machinery ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Ceramic Components

CCT303 is a two-shaft regenerative ceramic gas turbine with rotary heat exchangers for the purpose of mobile power generator. It is also widely adaptable for industrial machinery and construction machinery as well. The development program of CGT303 is funded by New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO). The maximum output power of 300kW and thermal efficiency of 42% at TiT 1350C are the objectives of this development. The high TiT requires for the material of all gas passage components to use ceramics which are designed appropriately to keep sufficient strength by using sophisticated computer analysis. Hot spin tests on ceramic turbine rotors and thermal shock tests on stationary ceramic components have been carried out to prove their strength. The paper covers the design concept of CGT303 and results of analysis.

Status of the Automotive Ceramic Gas Turbine Development Program: Year Five Progress

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsubura Nisiyama ◽  
Norio Nakazawa ◽  
Masafumi Sasaki ◽  
Masumi Iwai ◽  
Haruo Katagiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Target Values ◽  
Ceramic Components ◽  
Combined Test ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Individual

Petroleum Energy Center of Japan has been carrying out a 7-year development program to prove the potential of an automotive ceramic gas turbine for five years with the support of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry. The ceramic gas turbine now under development is a regenerative single shaft engine. The output is 100kW, and the turbine inlet temperature (TIT) is 1350°C. All the ceramic components are now entering the 1350°C TIT test phase after completing 1200°C TIT evaluation tests, including durability tests, in various types of test rigs. The compressor-turbine combined test rig and the full assembly test rig which is the same as an actual engine and incorporates all the components are now going through 1200°C TIT function and performance evaluation tests. In the near future, we are planning to increase the TIT to 1350°C. In consideration of the current level of high-temperature, long-term strength available from the ceramic materials, we decided to change the rated speed to 100,000 rpm because the initial rated speed of 110,000 rpm, if unchanged, involves considerable risks. Then we reviewed mainly the designs of the compressor and turbine and revised the target values of the individual components to match the specifications that satisfy the target performance of the engine.

Development and Evaluation of Ceramic Components for a Gas Turbine

2006 ◽  
Vol 317-318 ◽  
pp. 481-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takero Fukudome ◽  
Sazo Tsuruzono ◽  
Tetsuo Tatsumi ◽  
Yoshihiro Ichikawa ◽  
Tohru Hisamatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Central Research Institute ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Exposure Test ◽  
Combustion Gas ◽  
Development Organization ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Ceramic Components

An 8000 kW class Hybrid Gas Turbine (HGT) project, administered by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO), was completed in March 2004. The targets of this project were improvement in thermal efficiency and output power by using ceramic components, and early commercialization of the gas turbine system. The ceramic components were used for stationary parts subjected to high temperature. It became clear that silicon nitride material showed significant recession under combustion gas. Kyocera and Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry developed new EBCs to suppress this recession. These EBCs were evaluated by exposure test, heat cycle test and actual HGT engine test. One of the EBCs showed slight defects after the actual engine tests. However, all EBCs showed high corrosion resistance and good adhesion. It was confirmed that the all EBCs worked effectively.

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