Two-Body Abrasive Wear Behavior and Its Correlation with Mechanical Properties of Aged AA6063 Alloy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Aluru Praveen Sekhar ◽  
Debdulal Das
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Model Material ◽  
Strain Hardening Exponent ◽  
Artificial Ageing ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Aa6063 Alloy

Abstract This study aims to correlate the abrasive wear performance with mechanical properties, considering AA6063 Al-Mg-Si alloy as the model material. The selected alloy specimens are subjected to artificial ageing at 150 °C for an ageing duration ranging from 1 to 672 h, covering severely under-aged (SUA) to peak-aged (PA) to severely over-aged (SOA) states. Apart from the hardness and tensile properties, two-body abrasive wear properties are also evaluated for differently aged alloys in terms of wear rate, coefficient of friction, and roughness of the abraded surfaces. Furthermore, the generated wear debris, surface, and sub-surface of the abraded specimens are critically examined to reveal the micro-mechanisms of abrasion. The lowest amount of wear rate is observed for a PA alloy with maximum hardness, while the OA alloy exhibits a slightly lower wear rate than the UA alloy at a similar level of hardness. Statistical analyses of wear rate and various mechanical properties of all heat-treated alloys establish a strong negative linear correlation between the wear rate and hardness, yield strength, tensile strength, and strength coefficient; whereas, a positive linear correlation with the strain hardening exponent. Relationships between wear rate and different roughness parameters are also discussed. Under the investigated wear condition, the aged alloys endure significant plastic deformation; micro-plowing, micro-cutting, and delamination are found to be the predominant mechanisms during abrasion.

scholarly journals Abrasive Wear Behavior of CNT-Filled Unidirectional Kenaf–Epoxy Composites

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Napisah Sapiai ◽  
Aidah Jumahat ◽  
Mohammad Jawaid ◽  
Carlo Santulli
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Infrared Camera ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Interfacial Bonding ◽  
Hibiscus Cannabinus ◽  
Contact Temperature ◽  
Wear Properties

Kenaf (Hibiscus Cannabinus) fibers have received significant attention for replacing the usage of synthetic fibers, especially glass fiber, in the fabrication of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites. The aim of this research was to study the change in wear behavior of kenaf–epoxy fiber composites by filling them with multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). In particular, the effect of untreated MWCNT (PMWCNT), acid-treated MWCNT (AMWCNT), and silane-treated MWCNT (SMWCNT) was studied, using three different MWCNT loadings, i.e., 0.5, 0.75, and 1 wt.%. The abrasive wear test was conducted to measure the wear properties of the composites. A thermal infrared camera was also used to measure the punctual contact temperature during the abrasive wear test, while the abraded surfaces were analyzed using the stereomicroscope. Starting from the considerable reduction of wear rate with the introduction of kenaf fibers, it was observed that PMWCNT provided some further, yet modest, reduction of wear rate only at the higher loadings. In contrast, the inclusion of AMWCNT proved to increase the specific wear rate of the epoxy–kenaf composites, an effect worsened at higher loadings. This may be due to the weakened interfacial bonding between the AMWCNT and epoxy. On the other hand, the presence of SMWCNT improved the interfacial bonding between CNT and epoxy, as shown by an increase in contact temperature. However, the increase in bonding strength was stipulated to have caused the rougher worn debris, thus inducing a three-body abrasive wear effect.

Effect of High Temperature on Wear Behavior of Stir Cast Aluminium/Boron Carbide Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1031-1046
Author(s):  
X. Canute ◽  
M. C. Majumder
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Boron Carbide ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Sliding Velocity ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
High Temperature Wear ◽  
The Matrix

AbstractThe need for development of high temperature wear resistant composite materials with superior mechanical properties and tribological properties is increasing significantly. The high temperature wear properties of aluminium boron carbide composites was evaluated in this investigation. The effect of load, sliding velocity, temperature and reinforcement percentage on wear rate was determined by the pin heating method using pin heating arrangement. The size and structure of base alloy particles change considerably with an increase of boron carbide particles. The wettability and interface bonding between the matrix and reinforcement enhanced by the addition of potassium flurotitanate. ANOVA technique was used to study the effect of input parameters on wear rate. The investigation reveals that the load had higher significance than sliding velocity, temperature and weight fraction. The pin surface was studied with a high-resolution scanning electron microscope. Regression analysis revealed an extensive association between control parameters and response. The developed composites can be used in the production of automobile parts requiring high wear, frictional and thermal resistance.

Investigation of the Wear Behavior of AA6082 Against Different Counterparts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safiye İpek Ayvaz ◽  
Mehmet Ayvaz
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Specific Wear Rate ◽  
Pin On Disk ◽  
Disk Method ◽  
Sliding Distance ◽  
Oxidation Wear

In this study, the effect of different counterparts on the wear resistance of AA6082 aluminum alloy was investigated. In tests using pin-on-disk method, 6 mm diameter Al2O3, 100Cr6 and WC-6Co balls were used as counterparts. The tests were carried out using 500 m sliding distance and 5N load. The lowest specific wear rate was measured as 7.58x10-4 mm3/Nm in WC-6Co / AA6082 couple, and the highest value was measured as 9.71x10-4 mm3/Nm in 100Cr6/AA6082 couple. In the Al2O3/AA6082 couple, the specific wear rate of the AA6082-T6 sample was determined as 8.23x10-4 mm3/Nm.While it was observed that the dominant wear type in the 100Cr6/AA6082 pair was abrasive wear, oxidation wear and oxide tribofilm were detected in the WC-6Co/AA6082 and Al2O3/AA6082 couple besides the abrasive wear.

Surface Wear Anisotropy in AlSi10Mg Alloy Sample Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting: Effect of Hatch Style, Scan Rotation and Use of Fresh and Recycled Powder

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Kumar Mishra ◽  
Ram Krishna Upadhyay ◽  
Arvind Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Alloy Sample ◽  
Surface Wear ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Pattern Size ◽  
Scan Pattern

Abstract Additive manufacturing (AM) has witnessed substantial growth in recent years due to its excellent manufacturing capabilities and innovative production methodologies. However, the mechanical suitability aspect in terms of material wear has not received much attention yet and needs rigorous assessment. This study investigates the wear anisotropy in an AlSi10Mg alloy sample fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) technique. Different scanning strategies encompassing the island and the continuous scanning patterns were used in sample manufacturing. The effects of the scanning vector orientation, design pattern, and the island pattern size on the mechanical wear and wear anisotropy have been analyzed in detail. The study also focused upon a comparative investigation of the wear properties at the top and the side surfaces to understand the wear anisotropy in different directions. The samples are fabricated both by the fresh and the recycled powder and the role of powder state is described. The ball-on-disk test is performed to simulate the similar contact applications for marine/automotive components such as bearings. Bearing steel balls are used as a standard sliding counterpart material to investigate the wear properties. The wear microstructure is analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Overall, the island strategy with 2 mm hatch style and 45 deg scan rotation have achieved better wear resistance and friction coefficient compared with the continuous hatch style. The wear behavior is found to be anisotropic. The Raman spectra validate the presence of silicon and carbon particles on the wear track, which have a significant effect on the tribological properties. The type of particles present in the sliding zone characterizes different wear stages. Wear mechanism is described by considering four parameters, namely, scan pattern, scan vector rotation, type of powder, and the wear measurement direction. Results show that the surface wear rate of samples made by the fresh powder is lower than the recycled powder. However, samples of the recycled powder have friction modifier characteristics. The best wear rate and friction coefficient values are obtained with the island strategy (2 mm hatch, 45 deg scan rotation) in the side plane and are 3.76 × 10−6 mm3/N m, 0.0781, respectively.

Wear behaviors of WC and TiC on co matrix composites under three-body impact abrasive wear condition

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 893-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Dong ◽  
Xiaoyu Zhang ◽  
Kun Liu ◽  
Xiaojun Liu ◽  
Ruiming Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Impact Energy ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Impact Wear ◽  
High Impact Energy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Three Body ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the tribological properties of the WC/TiC-Co substrate under different loading conditions under three impact abrasive wear conditions. Design/methodology/approach The three body collisional wear behavior of Co alloy with WC and TiC at three impact energy was studied from 1 to 3 J. Meanwhile, the microstructure, hardness, phase transformation and wear behavior of these specimens were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, Rockwell hardness (HRV), EDS and impact wear tester. The resulting wear rate was quantified by electronic balance measurements under different pressures. Findings The specific wear rate increases with the increase of the nonlinearity of the impact energy and the increase in the content of WC or TiC. The effect of TiC on wear rate is greater than that of WC, but the hardness is smaller. The wear characteristics of the samples are mainly characterized by three kinds of behavior, such as cutting wear, abrasive wear and strain fatigue wear. The WC-Co with fewer TiC samples suffered heavier abrasive wear than the more TiC samples under both low and high impact energy and underwent fewer strain fatigue wears under high impact energy. Originality/value The experimental results show that the wear resistance of the Co alloy is improved effectively and the excellent impact wear performance is achieved. The results can be used in cutting tools such as coal mine cutting machines or other fields.

Friction and Wear Behavior of Polypropylene/Montmorillonite Intercalated Nanocomposites

2011 ◽  
Vol 311-313 ◽  
pp. 92-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kui Chen ◽  
Tian Yun Zhang ◽  
Wei Wei
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Wear Mechanisms ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Adhesive Wear ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Friction And Wear Behavior

Polypropylene/organo-montmorillonite (PP/OMMT) composites were investigated by XRD. Friction and wear behaviors of this composites sliding against GCr15 stainless steel were examined on M-2000 text rig in a ring-on-block configuration. Worn surfaces of PP and its composites were analyzed by SEM. The result shows that PP macromolecule chains have intercalated into OMMT layers and form intercalated nanocomposites. With the increase of mass fraction of OMMT, both wear rate and friction coefficient of composites first decrease then rise. With the increase of load, from 150 N, 200 N to 250 N, wear rate of composites increases, while friction coefficient reduces. The wear mechanisms of composites are connected with the content of OMMT. Composites were dominated by adhesive wear, abrasive wear and adhesive wear accompanied by abrasive wear respectively with the increase of OMMT content.

Wear Properties of Metal Matrix Composite Al-Cu and Al-Cu-TiB2

2015 ◽  
Vol 819 ◽  
pp. 268-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramli Rosmamuhamadani ◽  
Shamsuddin Sulaiman ◽  
Mohd Idris Shah Ismail ◽  
Mohamed Arif Azmah Hanim ◽  
Mahesh Talari
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Cu Alloy

Tensile and wear properties of aluminium (Al) based metal matrix composites (MMCs) was prepared by added titanium diboride (TiB2) with in-situ technique by salt route. The salts used in this research were potassium hexafluorotitanate (K2TiF6) and potassium tetrafluoroborate (KBF4). Nanocomposite samples were prepared by casting technique associated with incorporating 3 and 6 wt.% of TiB2 into matrix of Al-6wt.%Cu. Instron and wear tests machine were used to characterize the tensile and wear Al-Cu alloys properties. Results showed that increase in TiB2 content gave the high properties of tensile and wear behavior. The study indicates that TiB2 particles have giving improvement the wear performance of the Al–6wt.%Cu alloy. For a constant load and sliding speed, the wear rate decreases as a function of amount of TiB2 in the composite. The wear rate decrease with increasing in wt.% TiB2 particles for the all loads applied. However, addition of TiB2 particle to the Al–6 wt%.Cu matrix has show the coefficient value of wear decreases regardless of applied load. Study of the wear surfaces both alloy and composites by optical microscope suggests that the improvement in wear resistance is mainly due to the formation of finer groove or debris by content of TiB2.

scholarly journals The Hardness Of Ion Implanted Ceramics

1985 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. Oliver ◽  
C. J. McHargue ◽  
G. C. Farlow ◽  
C. W. White
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Crystalline State ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Amorphous Material ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Hardness Tester ◽  
Ceramic Surfaces ◽  
Low Load

AbstractIt has been established that the wear behavior of ceramic materials can be modified through ion implantation. Studies have been done to characterize the effect of implantation on the structure and composition of ceramic surfaces. To understand how these changes affect the wear properties of the ceramic, other mechanical properties must be measured. To accomplish this, a commercially available ultra low load hardness tester has been used to characterize Al 2O3 with different implanted species and doses. The hardness of the base material is compared with the highly damaged crystalline state as well as the amorphous material.

Effect of Various Nanoparticles on Friction and Wear Properties of Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites

2010 ◽  
Vol 150-151 ◽  
pp. 1106-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Kun Wang ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Zhi Wei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Specific Wear Rate ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Nano Tio2 ◽  
Nano Sio2 ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes

The glass fiber (GF) reinforced epoxy (EP) composites filled by nano-Al2O3, nano-TiO2, nano-SiO2 and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were prepared. The friction and wear behavior of composites under dry condition were evaluated with block-on-ring friction and wear tester. The morphologies of the worn surfaces of the composites were analyzed by scanning electric microscopy (SEM). The results show that 0.5 wt% MWCNTs and nano-TiO2 can significantly lower the friction coefficient and specific wear rate of composites, respectively, while 0.5 wt% nano-SiO2 and nano-Al2O3 can slightly lower the friction coefficient and specific wear rate of the composites.

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