A Novel High Concentration Fresnel Lens as a Solar Concentrator

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Kuldeep Awasthi ◽  
Desireddy Shashidhar Reddy ◽  
Mohd. Kaleem Khan
Keyword(s):  
Optical Axis ◽  
Spherical Aberration ◽  
Spherical Surface ◽  
Fresnel Lens ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Aperture Diameter ◽  
Convex Lens ◽  
Flat Base ◽  
Fresnel Lenses ◽  
Outer Vertex

Abstract This paper describes the design methodology for a novel Fresnel lens. The original Fresnel lens is obtained from a plano-convex lens, whose spherical surface is split into a number of divisions (called facets), collapsed onto the flat base. Thus, all the facets of the original Fresnel lens have the same radius as that of the plano-convex lens. The proposed design aims to achieve better ray concentration and reduced spherical aberration than the original Fresnel lens by constructing spherical facets with unequal radii. The centers and radii of facets are constrained so that the ray refracted from the bottom vertex of each facet on one side of the optical axis and the ray refracted from the outer vertex of the corresponding facet on the other side of the optical axis must intersect at the focal plane. The proposed lens design has resulted in a 275% gain in the concentration ratio and a 72.5% reduction in the spherical aberration compared to the original lens of the same aperture diameter and number of facets. The performance of both novel and original Fresnel lenses when used as solar concentrators with a conical coil receiver is evaluated. The novel Fresnel lens led to increased heat gain and resulted in a compact solar collector design.

Design of Fresnel Lens With Constant Height Spherical Facets

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuldeep Awasthi ◽  
Desireddy Shashidhar Reddy ◽  
Mohd. Kaleem Khan
Keyword(s):  
Ray Tracing ◽  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Focal Length ◽  
Constant Width ◽  
Fresnel Lens ◽  
Aperture Diameter ◽  
Constant Height ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Fresnel Lenses ◽  
Ray Tracing Model

Abstract In the present work, a ray tracing model based on Snell’s law of refraction is developed using MATLAB for the design of Fresnel lens with spherical facets of equal height. In practice, the facet curvature is approximated by straight line, which causes an increase in spherical aberrations and reduction in concentration ratio. The proposed model takes facet curvature into consideration, which will result in effective utilization of incident solar radiations. Fresnel lenses are available with facets having constant width and facets with constant height. A comparison of spherical aberrations in the two cases has also been presented using different f - numbers (ratio of focal length to aperture diameter). Effect of different parameters like number of facets and refractive index of lens material on concentration ratio is also presented in present study. The proposed ray tracing model is validated with the model developed in SolTrace, an open access software. The predictions from the proposed model are in good agreement with the results of SolTrace model with an average deviations of 6.8% for concentration ratio and 2.2% for focal length.

CPV Modules Based on Lens Panels

2010 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 211-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.D. Rumyantsev ◽  
Yu.V. Ashcheulov ◽  
N.Yu. Davidyuk ◽  
E.A. Ionova ◽  
P.V. Pokrovskiy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Fresnel Lens ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Glass Sheet ◽  
Ir Absorption ◽  
Back Side ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Small Aperture ◽  
Fresnel Lenses

A work on development of the high concentration photovoltaic (HCPV) modules with Fresnel lens panels and III-V multijunction cells is presented. A composite structure of the small-aperture area 40x40 (or 60x60) mm2 Fresnel lenses, united in a panel, was realized. A silicate glass sheet (front side of a module) serves as a superstrate for transparent microprisms formed in silicone. Small averaged thickness of the prisms ensures low IR absorption of sunlight in comparison with acrylic Fresnel lenses. Temperature dependences of the optical properties in such a type of the solar concentrators and PV properties of the cells in passive heat dissipation conditions are under consideration. The solar cells are the triple-junction InGaP/(In)GaAs/Ge cells with designated illumination area 1.7-2.3 mm in diameter. A HCPV module consists of the 144 (or 64) sub-modules in 12x12 (or 8x8) configuration. Solar cells are protected from environment in different ways: by side walls of a module body, or by a rear glass sheet at integrated sealing the cells in a back-side module panel. Module design includes refractive smooth-surface secondary lenses. The cell strings are glued to the rear glass surface of the module body using lamination process. Proper quality of the solar cells in a multistage module assembling procedure is ensured owing to specially developed contactless test method, based on analyzing the electroluminescent signals at local photoexitation. For arrangement of the HCPV modules in a solar installation, a number of the solar trackers have been developed and realized for 1-3-5 kWp of the installed power.

Fresnel Lens Soiling Characterization and Effect Upon Performance

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo D. Banchik ◽  
Aaron Sahm ◽  
Robert Boehm ◽  
Kenneth W. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Power Production ◽  
Fresnel Lens ◽  
Measurement Procedure ◽  
Power Performance ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Direct Function ◽  
Fresnel Lenses ◽  
The University

The Amonix system is a high concentration PV system that utilizes acrylic Fresnel lenses to focus the sun’s rays onto dispersed PV cells. The Fresnel lenses become soiled with dust over time which decreases power performance. Because of the effect soiling has upon the system performance, Amonix and the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) have defined a long term soiling investigation and cleaning methodology. The test and measurement procedure for determining Fresnel lens soiling rate characterization is discussed. Lens soiling rate data is presented for different sites that show the soiling rate is a direct function of the angle of the lens. This paper also discusses the test and measurement procedure of the first phase of an on-going Fresnel lens cleaning investigation. An assessment of the soiling rate upon power production is also presented.

A New Fabrication Method of Neutron Fresnel Lens

2004 ◽  
Vol 471-472 ◽  
pp. 904-0
Author(s):  
Jian Qiang Guo ◽  
Hitoshi Ohmori ◽  
Wei Min Lin ◽  
T. Adachi ◽  
H.M. Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Spherical Surface ◽  
Fresnel Lens ◽  
Conic Section ◽  
Crystal Glass ◽  
Abrasive Wheel ◽  
New Device ◽  
Neutron Optics ◽  
Ductile Mode ◽  
Grinding Conditions ◽  
Fresnel Lenses

In order to improve the application of neutron scattering technique, a new neutron optical device, which optical system consists of an array of several ten neutron Fresnel lenses, is designed by the researcher engaging in the study of neutron optics. Neutron Fresnel lenses for this new device have the same symmetric concave form. Its center is a spherical surface and the other surfaces are conic section. MgF2 single crystal glass is selected as the material for making neutron Fresnel lens because of its high transparence. Considering the form complicity and the brittle properties of MgF2 material, the fabrication of neutron Fresnel lens is of very difficulty. Form ELID (electrolytic in-process dressing) grinding was used for grinding the neutron Fresnel lens in this first study. The optima of grinding conditions for #325, #1200 and #4000 cobalt bonding diamond abrasive wheels are obtained through a series of tests. The MgF2 material is removed at the ductile mode by using #4000 abrasive wheel. Thus, the neutron Fresnel lens fabricated has low roughness and high transparence. The transmission of an array of 50 pieces of neutron Fresnel lens is 92.5 percents to neutron beam with wavelength 5Å and 79.3 percents to 16Å.

scholarly journals Optical Performance of Single Point-Focus Fresnel Lens Concentrator System for Multiple Multi-Junction Solar Cells—A Numerical Study

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4301
Author(s):  
Yassir A. Alamri ◽  
Saad Mahmoud ◽  
Raya Al-Dadah ◽  
Shivangi Sharma ◽  
J. N. Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Optical Element ◽  
Fresnel Lens ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Concave Lens

This paper investigates the potential of a new integrated solar concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) system that uses a solo point focus Fresnel lens for multiple multi-junction solar cells (MJSCs). The proposed system comprises of an FL concentrator as the primary optical element, a multi-leg homogeniser as the secondary optical element (SOE), a plano-concave lens, and four MJSCs. A three-dimensional model of this system was developed using the ray tracing method to predict the influence of aperture width, height, and position with respect to MJSCs of different reflective and refractive SOE on the overall optical efficiency of the system and the irradiance uniformity achieved on the MJSCs’ surfaces. The results show that the refractive homogeniser using N-BK7 glass can achieve higher optical efficiency (79%) compared to the reflective homogeniser (57.5%). In addition, the peak to average ratio of illumination at MJSCs for the reflective homogeniser ranges from 1.07 to 1.14, while for the refractive homogeniser, it ranges from 1.06 to 1.34, causing minimum effects on the electrical performance of the MJSCs. The novelty of this paper is the development of a high concentration CPV system that integrates multiple MJSCs with a uniform distribution of rays, unlike the conventional CPV systems that utilise a single concentrator onto a single MJSC. The optical efficiency of the CPV system was also examined using both the types of homogeniser (reflective and refractive).

Solar Thermophotovoltaic Converters Based on Tungsten Emitters

2006 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. Andreev ◽  
A. S. Vlasov ◽  
V. P. Khvostikov ◽  
O. A. Khvostikova ◽  
P. Y. Gazaryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Band Gap ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Radiation Spectrum ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fresnel Lens ◽  
Photocurrent Density ◽  
Back Side ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Emitter System ◽  
Solar Powered

Results of a solar thermophotovoltaic (STPV) system study are reported. Modeling of the STPV module performance and the analysis of various parameters influencing the system are presented. The ways for the STPV system efficiency to increase and their magnitude are considered such as: improvement of the emitter radiation selectivity and application of selective filters for better matching the emitter radiation spectrum and cell photoresponse; application of the cells with a back side reflector for recycling the sub-band gap photons; and development of low-band gap tandem TPV cells for better utilization of the radiation spectrum. Sunlight concentrator and STPV modules were designed, fabricated, and tested under indoor and outdoor conditions. A cost-effective sunlight concentrator with Fresnel lens was developed as a primary concentrator and a secondary quartz meniscus lens ensured the high concentration ratio of ∼4000×, which is necessary for achieving the high efficiency of the concentrator–emitter system owing to trap escaping radiation. Several types of STPV modules have been developed and tested under concentrated sunlight. Photocurrent density of 4.5A∕cm2 was registered in a photoreceiver based on 1×1cm2GaSb cells under a solar powered tungsten emitter.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of a mini photovoltaic cell by using light LED bulbs as a source of photon energy

2021 ◽  
Vol 926 (1) ◽  
pp. 012090
Author(s):  
Mustofa ◽  
Iskandar ◽  
Muchsin ◽  
S Suluh ◽  
T M Kamaludin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Photovoltaic Cell ◽  
Fresnel Lens ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Light Spectrum ◽  
Pv Cell ◽  
Fresnel Lenses ◽  
Cell Module

Abstract Muxindo’s LED bulb is one of the brands that are widely used by Indonesian people as lighting in the home. This study aims to look at the effectiveness of the light spectrum of the 10, 15 and 20 Watt LED power bulbs as an energy source to generate electrical energy in monocrystalline mini photovoltaic (PV) cell module. The light spectrum is compared with and without the Fresnel lens before being transmitted to the PV surface. The test results show that the PV output power is much better with a Fresnel lens (4.06> 1.67) mW. The efficiency of PV with lens displays slightly different figures, 3.77% at 15 Watt bulb power, while without Fresnel lenses, PV efficiency is 4.86% with a 20 Watt bulb. Need further research, for example, with Philips brand LED bulbs

Wavefronts, light rays and caustic associated with the refraction of a plane wavefront by a conospherical lens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Israel Galindo-Rodríguez ◽  
Gilberto Silva-Ortigoza
Keyword(s):  
Optical Axis ◽  
Spherical Surface ◽  
Bessel Beam ◽  
Optical Element ◽  
The Other ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Light Rays ◽  
Plane Wavefront ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Dimensional Surface

Abstract The aim of the present work is to introduce a lens whose faces are a conical surface and a spherical surface. We illuminate this lens by a plane wavefront and its associated refracted wavefronts, light rays and caustic are computed. We find that the caustic region has two branches and can be virtual, real or one part virtual and the other real, depending on the values of the parameters characterizing the lens. Furthermore, we present a particular example where one of the branches of the caustic region is constituted by two segments of a line, one part is real and the other one virtual. The second branch is a two-dimensional surface with a singularity of the cusp ridge type such that its Gaussian curvature is different from zero. It is important to remark that for this example, the two branches of the caustic are disconnected. Because of this property and the result obtained by Berry and Balazs on the relationship between the acceleration of an Airy beam and the curvature of its corresponding caustic, we believe that using this optical element one could generate a scalar optical accelerating beam in the region where the caustic is a two-dimensional surface of revolution, and at the same time a scalar optical beam with similar properties to the Bessel beam of zero order in the region were the real caustic is a segment of a line along the optical axis.

scholarly journals Current Status of the Astrometric Capabilities of the Hubble Space Telescope Fine Guidance Sensors

1991 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
W.H. Jefferys ◽  
G.F. Benedict ◽  
R.L. Duncombe ◽  
O.G. Franz ◽  
L.W. Fredrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical System ◽  
Reference Frames ◽  
Optical Axis ◽  
Hubble Space Telescope ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Spherical Aberration ◽  
Radial Distance ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Space Telescope ◽  
Wavefront Error

AbstractThe Fine Guidance Sensors (FGSs) are the instrument of choice for most astrometric measurements with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The observed amount of spherical aberration in the Ritchey Chretien optical system does not affect positional measurements with perfectly aligned FGSs because they are interferometers. The FGSs combine wavefronts from points in the exit pupil with other points which are at the same radial distance from the optical axis. Asymmetric aberrations such as coma and astigmatism do affect the measured positions. The current knowledge of the HST wavefront error, the FGS operation and the implications for milliarcsecond relative astrometry are discussed. It is still planned to use the HST to tie the HIPPARCOS and VLBI Reference Frames together at the few milliarcsecond level.

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