Region based Efficient CNC Machining using Point Cloud Data

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-35
Author(s):  
Mandeep Dhanda ◽  
Aman Kukreja ◽  
Sanjay Pande
Keyword(s):  
Path Planning ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Point Cloud ◽  
Tool Path ◽  
Cnc Machining ◽  
Real Surface ◽  
Tool Path Planning ◽  
Machining Time ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
Planning Strategy

Abstract This paper presents an efficient tool path planning strategy for three-axis CNC machining using curvature based segmentation (CBS) of freeform surface from its representation in the form of a point cloud. Curvature parameters estimated over the point data are used to partition the surface into convex, concave, and saddle like regions. Grid based adaptive planar tool path planning strategy is developed to machine each region separately within its boundaries. In addition to the region by region machining, strategy to stitch the obtained regions is also developed to minimize the tool lifts and tool marks. The developed region based tool path planning strategy is compared with the point cloud based adaptive planar strategy, iso-scallop strategy and commercial software for parts with various complexities. The result shows significant improvement in terms of performance parameters viz. machining time, tool path length and code length while maintaining the desired part surface quality. The proposed method is also tested by machining a real surface and analyzing its surface quality.

Efficient CNC Tool Path Planning Using Point Cloud

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumedh Ghogare ◽  
S. S. Pande
Keyword(s):  
Path Planning ◽  
Point Cloud ◽  
Tool Path ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Cnc Milling ◽  
Tool Path Planning ◽  
Planning Strategy ◽  
Part Quality ◽  
Nc Program ◽  
Cutter Path

This paper reports the development of an efficient iso-scallop tool path planning strategy for machining of freeform surfaces on a three axis CNC milling center using the point cloud as the input. Boundary of the point cloud is chosen as the Master Cutter Path, using which the scallop points are computed. Adjacent side tool paths are computed using these scallop points and the path planning process is completed till the entire surface is covered. The system generates post-processed NC program in ISO format which was extensively tested for various case studies. The results were compared with the iso-planar tool path strategy from commercial software. Our system was found to generate efficient tool path in terms of part quality, productivity and storage memory.

Efficient CNC Machining of Freeform Surfaces From Point Cloud

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandeep Dhanda ◽  
S. S. Pande
Keyword(s):  
Path Planning ◽  
Point Cloud ◽  
Tool Path ◽  
Cnc Machining ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Tool Path Planning ◽  
Efficient Tool ◽  
Freeform Surfaces

This paper reports the development of an efficient tool path planning strategy for CNC machining of freeform surfaces directly from their representation in the form of point cloud. A grid based adaptive isoplanar tool path planning system has been designed and implemented for 3axis CNC machine using ball end mill. Inverse tool offset algorithm (IOM) is used to compute initial uniform CL (Cutter Location) grid points. From these CL points, surface slope and curvature are estimated and the forward and side step errors likely to be produced during machining are computed. The grid is subsequently refined through segmentation if the error values exceed the user defined tolerances. Adaptive grid refinement is continued iteratively till the error values converge below the prescribed tolerance limits. The grid (CL) points are sequenced to generate the final tool path. The software system developed takes the input part model as point cloud and generates post-processed CNC part program in the ISO format. The CNC part programs were extensively tested for various case studies on the commercial CNC simulator as well on the actual CNC machine. The results were compared with those from the commercial software for the same process conditions. Our system was found to generate more efficient tool paths in terms of enhanced productivity, part quality and reduced memory requirement.

A Multi-Agent Based Tool Path Planning Method for STEP-NC Compliant Milling

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 3382-3386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Du ◽  
Xian Guo Yan ◽  
Zhi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Path Planning ◽  
Tool Path ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Planning Method ◽  
Cnc Machining ◽  
Distributed Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Tool Path Planning ◽  
Machining Processes ◽  
Nc Program ◽  
Multi Agent

Today a new model of data transfer between CAD/CAM systems and CNC machines, called STEP-NC, is being developed by the ISO technical Committees. It overcomes the shortcomings of ISO 6983 by specifying machining processes rather than machine motion, using the object-oriented concept of working step. Although the STEP-NC contains abundant geometry information of part and associated process parameters, the tool path is general not included in the STEP-NC program. So before the beginning of the STEP-NC-compliant CNC machining, the tool path should be firstly designed. By analyzing the characteristic of STEP-NC data model for milling, a working step-oriented tool path planning method for milling was proposed in this paper, and the distributed artificial intelligence methods, namely collaborative multi-agent was employed to accomplish tool path planning. Firstly a multi-agent architecture was constructed to allow multiple agents to work cooperatively to realize automation of tool path planning, and then, the function of every kind of agent and the communication between the agents were all described in detail. At last, one test component was designed and simulated to demonstrate the capabilities of this research in the paper.

An Automated and Optimal Tool Path Planning System for the 3-1/2-1/2-Axis CNC Maching of Sculptured Parts

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zezhong C. Chen ◽  
Zuomin Dong ◽  
Geoffrey W. Vickers
Keyword(s):  
Path Planning ◽  
Tool Path ◽  
Cnc Machining ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Surface Patch ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Tool Path Planning ◽  
Tool Paths ◽  
Sculptured Parts ◽  
Machining Scheme

Some sculptured parts with complex free-form surfaces usually require expensive 5-axis CNC machining. In this work, a cost-effective and practical solution to the 5-axis sculptured part machining – 3-1/2-1/2-axis CNC machining scheme – is discussed. An automatic and optimal tool path planning system for 3-1/2-1/2-axis CNC machining is introduced. The system uses fuzzy pattern recognition method and Voronoi diagram to subdivide a complex sculptured surface into an optimal number of uniform surface patches, finds the optimal cutter/part orientation for each surface patch, and plans 3-axis CNC tool paths for them. This type of machining is carried out by rotating the part to the cutter/part orientations discretely and sequentially using a tilt-rotary table attached to the 3-axis CNC machine. Under each orientation, the corresponding surface patch is machined using the 3-axis CNC tool paths. This tool path planning system can automatically generate efficient tool paths for sculptured parts and make the 3-1/2-1/2-axis CNC machining scheme as an applicable alternative of 5-axis CNC machining method.

Minimizing the Energy Consumption of Holes Machining Integrating the Optimization of Tool Path and Cutting Parameters on CNC Machines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunhua Feng ◽  
Xiang Chen ◽  
Jingyang Zhang ◽  
Yugui Huang ◽  
Zibing Qu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Path Planning ◽  
Ant Colony Algorithm ◽  
Tool Path ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Tool Path Planning ◽  
Machining Time ◽  
Cnc Machines ◽  
Multi Objective

Abstract The application of sustainable manufacturing technologies is the new challenge faced by enterprises, industries, and researchers under the background of supporting carbon peak and carbon neutral. This paper studies how to reduce the energy consumption of holes machining through optimizing tool path and cutting parameters simultaneously. The integrated optimization methodology can further reduce the energy consumption comparing with optimizing the tool path or cutting parameters separately. Firstly, the energy model of holes machining is established based on machine tools’ energy composition, tool path planning, and process parameters. Due to tool path planning as air cutting process has big relationship with reducing energy, especially for holes group with a big proportion in the whole process. The tool path of holes processing is optimized by the improved ant colony algorithm to solve the issue considering the distance from one hole to the next hole. Based on this optimized path, a multi-objective optimization model for hole cutting parameters is established, considering the spindle speed and feed rate as the optimization variables and machining time, energy consumption, and surface roughness as the objective function. The non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-Ⅱ) is employed to solve the multi-objective optimization problem of holes machining. The case study with 50 holes is used to testify the application of the proposed method to provide the practical energy efficiency strategy for holes group or multi-hole parts on CNC machines assisting in achieving sustainable production in manufacturing sectors.

Tool Path Generation for Machining Point Cloud Data by Least Squared Projection

2014 ◽  
Vol 635-637 ◽  
pp. 555-559
Author(s):  
Jin Ting Xu ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Yu Jin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Tool Path ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Tool Path Generation ◽  
Path Generation ◽  
Point Cloud Data ◽  
Tool Path Planning ◽  
Base Surface ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
Tool Paths

Point cloud has been used as representation model for tool path planning. However, for point cloud machining, there are few tool path generation strategies but iso-planar method. In this paper, a method of generating tool paths from point cloud for three-axis machining is presented. A simple base surface, such as plane or cylindrical surface, etc., is first created according to the shape of the point cloud. On this base surface, the guide curves of tool path are rapidly designed, and then are projected onto the point cloud surface to generate the final tool path by using the least squared projection method. Finally, this method is tested on a sample surface to demonstrate its validity.

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