Investigation on Tripping in Magnetic Generator in Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage Wells Based on Numerical Simulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Chen ◽  
An Qiao Su ◽  
Jin Tao Zhang ◽  
Zong Sheng Jia
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Equivalent Stress ◽  
Gravity Drainage ◽  
Curvature Radius ◽  
Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage ◽  
Magnetic Source ◽  
Magnetic Guidance ◽  
Curved Section ◽  
Pump Pressure ◽  
Magnetic Generator

Abstract Magnetic Guidance Technology can meet the precise measurement requirements when drilling steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) oil wells. Magnetic generator is a key part in the Magnetic Guidance Technology. When magnetic generator is tripped into horizontal well, pump pressure and passing capacity of the magnetic source generator in the curved section need to be analyzed. So, a mathematical model of tripping in the magnetic generator is established. If curvature radius, deviation angle, and friction factor are known, the forces acting on the magnetic generator in different positions could be calculated. The finite element (FE) results show that: (1) with depth increasing in the curved section, the equivalent stress on the magnetic generator increases in a fluctuating manner, the contact area, friction drag, and energy loss increase. (2) The greater the hole curvature, the greater tripping in force and the higher pump pressure are needed. The lower friction coefficient is favorable to tripping in the magnetic generator. (3) The friction between the magnetic generator and tubing wall in the horizontal section is much less than that in the curved section. Field applications have shown that the maximum downforce is close to the result of finite element analysis. The research results provide a reasonable reference basis for smooth running of magnetic source generators with different trajectory conditions.

scholarly journals Introduction and investigation of magnetic location system for steam-assisted gravity drainage dual-horizontal heavy oil wells

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 168781401879897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Chen ◽  
Hao Yi ◽  
Chuan He
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Error ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Gravity Drainage ◽  
Horizontal Projection ◽  
Recovery Method ◽  
Location System ◽  
Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage ◽  
Magnetic Source

Steam-assisted gravity drainage has been proven to be an effective oil recovery method, and the technology of magnetic location is the key to steam-assisted gravity drainage. In view of the rapid development of this technology in China, a new magnetic location system with intellectual property rights was developed in this article, including mechanical parts and circuit section of detection system. Specific structure, operating principle, and technical parameters of magnetic source generator and detection system were designed and analyzed. The ground test results show that the source generator is powered by an alternating current of 4–7 A, the detection system can probe the magnetic field signal 25 m away from the magnetic source generator, and the measurement error is less than 3% by comparison of measured with actual spacing distance. The steam-assisted gravity drainage dual-horizontal well group in Zhong 37 Well block in Fengcheng Oilfield is chosen for further experiment with the developed magnetic location technology. The results of field experiment show the trajectories of Wells I (injection well) and P (production well) are basically matched in the horizontal projection, and the measurement error is within the allowable range. The magnetic location system developed in this article can meet the operational requirement in steam-assisted gravity drainage dual-horizontal wells.

scholarly journals Identifying Reservoir Features via iSOR Response Behaviour

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 427
Author(s):  
Jingyi Wang ◽  
Ian Gates
Keyword(s):  
Oil Sands ◽  
Gravity Drainage ◽  
Athabasca Oil Sands ◽  
Steam Chamber ◽  
Heterogeneous Reservoirs ◽  
Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage ◽  
Response Behaviour

To extract viscous bitumen from oil sands reservoirs, steam is injected into the formation to lower the bitumen’s viscosity enabling sufficient mobility for its production to the surface. Steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) is the preferred process for Athabasca oil sands reservoirs but its performance suffers in heterogeneous reservoirs leading to an elevated steam-to-oil ratio (SOR) above that which would be observed in a clean oil sands reservoir. This implies that the SOR could be used as a signature to understand the nature of heterogeneities or other features in reservoirs. In the research reported here, the use of the SOR as a signal to provide information on the heterogeneity of the reservoir is explored. The analysis conducted on prototypical reservoirs reveals that the instantaneous SOR (iSOR) can be used to identify reservoir features. The results show that the iSOR profile exhibits specific signatures that can be used to identify when the steam chamber reaches the top of the formation, a lean zone, a top gas zone, and shale layers.

scholarly journals Finite Element Modeling of Residual Stress at Joint Interface of Titanium Alloy and 17-4PH Stainless Steel

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 629
Author(s):  
Nana Kwabena Adomako ◽  
Sung Hoon Kim ◽  
Ji Hong Yoon ◽  
Se-Hwan Lee ◽  
Jeoung Han Kim
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Finite Element Modeling ◽  
Equivalent Stress ◽  
Stress Gradient ◽  
Joint Interface ◽  
Element Modeling ◽  
Actual Experiment ◽  
Maximum Equivalent Stress

Residual stress is a crucial element in determining the integrity of parts and lifetime of additively manufactured structures. In stainless steel and Ti-6Al-4V fabricated joints, residual stress causes cracking and delamination of the brittle intermetallic joint interface. Knowledge of the degree of residual stress at the joint interface is, therefore, important; however, the available information is limited owing to the joint’s brittle nature and its high failure susceptibility. In this study, the residual stress distribution during the deposition of 17-4PH stainless steel on Ti-6Al-4V alloy was predicted using Simufact additive software based on the finite element modeling technique. A sharp stress gradient was revealed at the joint interface, with compressive stress on the Ti-6Al-4V side and tensile stress on the 17-4PH side. This distribution is attributed to the large difference in the coefficients of thermal expansion of the two metals. The 17-4PH side exhibited maximum equivalent stress of 500 MPa, which was twice that of the Ti-6Al-4V side (240 MPa). This showed good correlation with the thermal residual stress calculations of the alloys. The thermal history predicted via simulation at the joint interface was within the temperature range of 368–477 °C and was highly congruent with that obtained in the actual experiment, approximately 300–450 °C. In the actual experiment, joint delamination occurred, ascribable to the residual stress accumulation and multiple additive manufacturing (AM) thermal cycles on the brittle FeTi and Fe2Ti intermetallic joint interface. The build deflected to the side at an angle of 0.708° after the simulation. This study could serve as a valid reference for engineers to understand the residual stress development in 17-4PH and Ti-6Al-4V joints fabricated with AM.

Elasto-plastic and creep behaviour of axially loaded, shouldered tubes

1980 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
R J Dawson ◽  
H Fessler ◽  
T H Hyde ◽  
J J Webster
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Creep Behaviour ◽  
Equivalent Stress ◽  
Strain Curve ◽  
Equivalent Strain ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Plastic Strain Increment ◽  
Axially Loaded ◽  
Initial Strains ◽  
Creep Strains

This paper compares the finite element predictions of elasto-plastic and creep behaviour with experimental data for axially loaded, shouldered tube models. Four shouldered tube models were made of a lead alloy and tested at 61°C, using strain gauges to measure the elasto-plastic and creep strains in the plain tube and fillet regions of the models. Instantaneous stress-strain and creep data were obtained from strain-gauged, uniaxial tensile specimens. The finite element solutions are based on the incremental Prandtl-Reuss equations. The elasto-plastic iterative solutions use a ‘negative gradient’ from the calculated point to the equivalent stress-equivalent strain curve to get the next estimate of the plastic strain increment. A time incremental method is used to obtain the creep solutions. Tests with the mean tube stress below, at and above the yield stress showed very good agreement between prediction and measurement of initial strains in the fillets. Differences between predictions and measurements of creep strains are attributable to cast-to-cast variations.

Dissolved Organic Matter in Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage Boiler Blow-Down Water

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 3883-3890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhayan Guha Thakurta ◽  
Abhijit Maiti ◽  
David J. Pernitsky ◽  
Subir Bhattacharjee
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Gravity Drainage ◽  
Blow Down ◽  
Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage

Investigation of Emulsion Flow in Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage

SPE Journal ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (03) ◽  
pp. 440-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.C.. C. Ezeuko ◽  
J.. Wang ◽  
I.D.. D. Gates
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Gravity Drainage ◽  
Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage ◽  
Emulsion Flow ◽  
Very High ◽  
Effective Representation

Summary We present a numerical simulation approach that allows incorporation of emulsion modeling into steam-assisted gravity-drainage (SAGD) simulations with commercial reservoir simulators by means of a two-stage pseudochemical reaction. Numerical simulation results show excellent agreement with experimental data for low-pressure SAGD, accounting for approximately 24% deficiency in simulated oil recovery, compared with experimental data. Incorporating viscosity alteration, multiphase effect, and enthalpy of emulsification appears sufficient for effective representation of in-situ emulsion physics during SAGD in very-high-permeability systems. We observed that multiphase effects appear to dominate the viscosity effect of emulsion flow under SAGD conditions of heavy-oil (bitumen) recovery. Results also show that in-situ emulsification may play a vital role within the reservoir during SAGD, increasing bitumen mobility and thereby decreasing cumulative steam/oil ratio (cSOR). Results from this work extend understanding of SAGD by examining its performance in the presence of in-situ emulsification and associated flow of emulsion with bitumen in porous media.

Optimization design of titanium alloy connecting rod based on structural topology optimization

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Zheng ◽  
Yi Cai ◽  
Kelun Tang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Topology Optimization ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Equivalent Stress ◽  
Connecting Rod ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Maximum Equivalent Stress

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to realize the lightweight of connecting rod and meet the requirements of low energy consumption and vibration. Based on the structural design of the original connecting rod, the finite element analysis was conducted to reduce the weight and increase the natural frequencies, so as to reduce materials consumption and improve the energy efficiency of internal combustion engine. Design/methodology/approach The finite element analysis, structural optimization design and topology optimization of the connecting rod are applied. Efficient hybrid method is deployed: static and modal analysis; and structure re-design of the connecting rod based on topology optimization. Findings After the optimization of the connecting rod, the weight is reduced from 1.7907 to 1.4875 kg, with a reduction of 16.93%. The maximum equivalent stress of the optimized connecting rod is 183.97 MPa and that of the original structure is 217.18 MPa, with the reduction of 15.62%. The first, second and third natural frequencies of the optimized connecting rod are increased by 8.89%, 8.85% and 11.09%, respectively. Through the finite element analysis and based on the lightweight, the maximum equivalent stress is reduced and the low-order natural frequency is increased. Originality/value This paper presents an optimization method on the connecting rod structure. Based on the statics and modal analysis of the connecting rod and combined with the topology optimization, the size of the connecting rod is improved, and the static and dynamic characteristics of the optimized connecting rod are improved.

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