Bioprinting Using Algae: Effects of Extrusion Pressure and Needle Diameter on Cell Quantity in Printed Samples

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ketan Thakare ◽  
Laura Jerpseth ◽  
Hongmin Qin ◽  
Zhijian Pei
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii ◽  
Extrusion Pressure ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
The Third ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
Needle Diameter

Abstract Bioprinting is the fabrication of structures based on layer-by-layer deposition of biomaterials. Applications of bioprinting using plant or algae cells include the production of metabolites for use in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. Reported studies regarding effects of extrusion pressure and needle diameter on cell viability in bioprinting have used animal cells. There are no reports regarding effects of extrusion pressure and needle diameter on cell viability using plant or algae cells. This paper fills this knowledge gap by reporting an experimental investigation on effects of extrusion pressure and needle diameter on cell quantity (an indicator of cell viability) in extrusion-based bioprinting of hydrogel-based bioink containing Chlamydomonas reinhardtii algae cells. Extrusion pressure levels used in this study were 3, 5, and 7 bar, and needle diameter levels were 200, 250, and 400 µm. Algae cell quantity in printed samples was measured on the third day and sixth day post bioprinting. Results show that, when extrusion pressure increases or needle diameter decreases, algae cell quantity in printed samples decreases.

Experimental Investigation of Effects of Extrusion Pressure on Cell Growth of Bioprinted Algae Cells in Green Bioprinting

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Jerpseth ◽  
Ketan Thakare ◽  
Zhijian Pei ◽  
Hongmin Qin
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Extrusion Pressure ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Physical Damage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
The Difference

Abstract In bioprinting, biomaterials are deposited layer-by-layer to fabricate structures. Bioprinting has many potential applications in drug screening, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. Both animal cells and plant cells can be used to synthesize bioinks. Green bioprinting uses bioinks that have been synthesized using plant cells. Constructs fabricated via green bioprinting contain immobilized plant cells, with these cells arranged at desired locations. The constructs provide scaffolds for cell growth. Printing parameters affecting the growth of cells in green bioprinted constructs include print speed, needle diameter, extrusion temperature, and extrusion pressure. This paper reports a study to examine effects of extrusion pressure on cell growth (measured by cell count) in bioprinted constructs, using bioink containing Chlamydomonas reinhardtii algae cells. Three levels of extrusion pressure were used: 3, 5, and 7 bar. Cell counts in the bioprinted constructs were measured on the third and sixth days after bioprinting. It was found that, as extrusion pressure increased, cell count decreased on both the third and sixth days after bioprinting. Furthermore, the difference in cell counts between the third and the sixth days decreased as extrusion pressure increased. These trends suggest that increasing extrusion pressure during green bioprinting negatively affects cell growth. A possible reason for these trends is physical damage to or death of cells in the bioprinted constructs when extrusion pressure became higher.

Experimental Investigation of Effects of Needle Diameter on Algae Cell Growth in Green Bioprinting

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ketan Thakare ◽  
Laura Jerpseth ◽  
Hongmin Qin ◽  
Zhijian Pei
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Plant Matter ◽  
Needle Diameter

Abstract Bioprinting can fabricate structures based on layer-by-layer deposition of biomaterials. Bioprinting of animal cells shows great promise for tissue regeneration and tissue research. Plant cells can also be used when synthesizing bioink. Bioprinting with bioink that has been synthesized with plant cells instead of animal cells is called green bioprinting. Green bioprinting offers greater spatial control over the growth of plant matter by immobilizing cells. It is known that certain variables affect the growth and propagation (cellular reproduction) of cells in green bioprinted constructs post bioprinting. These variables include accessibility to components required for photosynthesis, such as nutrients, moisture and light. However, multiple parameters can also vary during the extrusion of bioink in the bioprinting process, including extrusion pressure, extrusion temperature, needle diameter, and printing speed. This paper reports a study to examine the effects of needle diameter during bioprinting on the growth of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii algae cells in green bioprinted constructs. Growth of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii algae cells was quantified by measuring cell count. The constructs were bioprinted with needle diameters of 22 gauge, 25 gauge, and 27 gauge. It was found that decreasing needle diameter was correlated with decreased cell count on the second and fifth days post bioprinting. Furthermore, the magnitude of cell count increase between the second and the fifth days post bioprinting decreased with decreasing needle diameter. Future research is needed to examine the effects of other printing parameters on cell growth.

Radical-triggered cross-linking for molecular layer deposition of SiAlCOH hybrid thin films

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Ashurbekova ◽  
Karina Ashurbekova ◽  
Iva Saric ◽  
Evgeny Modin ◽  
Mladen Petravic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Film Growth ◽  
Molecular Layer ◽  
Thin Film Growth ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Molecular Layer Deposition ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
Hybrid Thin Films ◽  
Enhanced Stability

We developed a thin film growth with a radical-initiated cross-linking of vinyl groups in a layer-by-layer manner via molecular layer deposition (MLD). The cross-linked film exhibited improved properties like 12% higher density and enhanced stability compared to the non-cross-linked film.

All-nanoparticle layer-by-layer coatings for Mid-IR on-chip gas sensing

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (91) ◽  
pp. 14283-14286
Author(s):  
Diana Al Husseini ◽  
Junchao Zhou ◽  
Daniel Willhelm ◽  
Trevor Hastings ◽  
Gregory S. Day ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Waveguides ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Nanoparticle Layer ◽  
Withdrawal Speed ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
Nanoparticle Coatings ◽  
On Chip

Functionalization of optical waveguides with submicron all-nanoparticle coatings significantly enhanced the detection of acetone. Such coatings were enabled via precise control of the substrate withdrawal speed using the layer-by-layer deposition.

Layer-by-Layer Deposition of Polyelectrolytes. Dipping versus Spraying

Langmuir ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 1224-1232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Kolasinska ◽  
Rumen Krastev ◽  
Thomas Gutberlet ◽  
Piotr Warszynski
Keyword(s):  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Layer Deposition

Mechanically Stable Antireflection and Antifogging Coatings Fabricated by the Layer-by-Layer Deposition Process and Postcalcination

Langmuir ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (19) ◽  
pp. 10851-10857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianbin Zhang ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Junqi Sun ◽  
Jiacong Shen
Keyword(s):  
Deposition Process ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Layer Deposition

Layer-by-Layer Molecular Assemblies for Dye-Sensitized Photoelectrosynthesis Cells Prepared by Atomic Layer Deposition

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (41) ◽  
pp. 14518-14525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Degao Wang ◽  
Matthew V. Sheridan ◽  
Bing Shan ◽  
Byron H. Farnum ◽  
Seth L. Marquard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Layer Deposition ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Molecular Assemblies ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Layer Deposition
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