A Comparison of Gasoline, Liquid Petroleum Gas, and Hydrogen Utilization in an Spark Ignition Engine in Terms of Environmental and Economic Indicators

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasin Şöhret ◽  
Habib Gürbüz
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Thermal Studies ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Environmental Cost ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Impact Cost

Abstract Research on alternative fuel development gains importance day by day with respect to environmental concerns and issues. Alternative fuel research can yield a revolution for spark ignition (SI) engines due to their being one of the widely used energy systems worldwide. However, most studies miss the environmental impact and economy of alternative fuels, while focusing on performance and emissions characteristics of different alternative fuels. The present paper aims to introduce a novel perspective to evaluate fuels environmentally and economically. For this purpose, exhaust emissions from an SI engine fueled with gasoline, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and hydrogen are evaluated at a constant engine speed of 1500 rpm and the same equivalence ratio of 1.0, using the emissions index, power emissions index, energy emissions index, environmental impact, environmental cost, and environmental and social impact cost. At the end of the study, hydrogen is found to be less harmful than other fuels based on its environmental and social impact cost. On the other hand, hydrogen has the highest environmental cost at each ignition timing compared to both LPG and gasoline, whereas gasoline has the best performance from the viewpoint of environmental costs. The current paper is expected to be beneficial in evaluating or comparing different fuels in different engine types to those interested in energy, thermal studies, and environmental sciences.

scholarly journals Ethanol/Gasoline Blends as Alternative Fuel in Last Generation Spark-Ignition Engines: A Review on CO and HC Engine Out Emissions

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 4034
Author(s):  
Paolo Iodice ◽  
Massimo Cardone
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
The Impact

Among the alternative fuels existing for spark-ignition engines, ethanol is considered worldwide as an important renewable fuel when mixed with pure gasoline because of its favorable physicochemical properties. An in-depth and updated investigation on the issue of CO and HC engine out emissions related to use of ethanol/gasoline fuels in spark-ignition engines is therefore necessary. Starting from our experimental studies on engine out emissions of a last generation spark-ignition engine fueled with ethanol/gasoline fuels, the aim of this new investigation is to offer a complete literature review on the present state of ethanol combustion in last generation spark-ignition engines under real working conditions to clarify the possible change in CO and HC emissions. In the first section of this paper, a comparison between physicochemical properties of ethanol and gasoline is examined to assess the practicability of using ethanol as an alternative fuel for spark-ignition engines and to investigate the effect on engine out emissions and combustion efficiency. In the next section, this article focuses on the impact of ethanol/gasoline fuels on CO and HC formation. Many studies related to combustion characteristics and exhaust emissions in spark-ignition engines fueled with ethanol/gasoline fuels are thus discussed in detail. Most of these experimental investigations conclude that the addition of ethanol with gasoline fuel mixtures can really decrease the CO and HC exhaust emissions of last generation spark-ignition engines in several operating conditions.

A perspective on bioethanol production from biomass as alternative fuel for spark ignition engine

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (18) ◽  
pp. 14964-14992 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Sebayang ◽  
H. H. Masjuki ◽  
Hwai Chyuan Ong ◽  
S. Dharma ◽  
A. S. Silitonga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
The Future

The increasing fuel consumption of fossil fuels has led to the development of alternative fuels for the future.

Biomass-derived 2,5-dimethylfuran as a promising alternative fuel: An application review on the compression and spark ignition engine

2021 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 106687
Author(s):  
Xuan Phuong Nguyen ◽  
Anh Tuan Hoang ◽  
Aykut I. Ölçer ◽  
Dirk Engel ◽  
Van Viet Pham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Promising Alternative

Design of Small Single Cylinder 4 Stroke Spark Ignition Engine for Electric Generator with Flexible Fuel: Biogas, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) or Gasoline

2021 ◽  
Vol 877 ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
David Lie ◽  
Tjokorda Gde Tirta Nindhia ◽  
I Wayan Surata ◽  
Nengah Wirawan
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Life Activity ◽  
Single Cylinder ◽  
Electric Generator ◽  
Commercial Line ◽  
Electric Source

The available of conventional fuels are fluctuating depend on distribution from the source production to consumer. The availability of biogas as renewable energy is increasing due to establishments of many organic wastes processing worldwide. The need of electricity to support daily life activity is a must, but the availability of electric source in remote area is limited especially for a farm that far away from commercial line distribution of electricity. This work is dedicated to solve this problem. The single cylinder 4 stroke spark ignition engine (83 cc) was designed to be able to be fuelled flexibly by using biogas or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), or gasoline if sometime the biogas not available during initiation of the process or during maintenance of anaerobic digester. The engine is still can be run to provide electricity by using conventional fuel such as LPG or gasoline. The full consumption as well as emission of this flexible fuel engine was investigated. It is found that the fuel consumption is 9.97 L/mint for Biogas, 0.004 L/mint for gasoline and 2.24 L/mint for LPG. Surprisingly by using biogas the emission of carbon monoxide (CO) was down to almost zero (0.02 ppm), comparing gasoline 0.32 ppm, and LPG 0.4 ppm.

scholarly journals An Attempt to Reduce the Emission of Spark-Ignition Engine with Mixtures of Bioethanol and Gasoline as Substitute Fuels

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Wojciech Gis ◽  
Maciej Gis ◽  
Piotr Wiśniowski ◽  
Mateusz Bednarski
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Limiting emissions of harmful substances is a key task for vehicle manufacturers. Excessive emissions have a negative impact not only on the environment, but also on human life. A significant problem is the emission of nitrogen oxides as well as solid particles, in particular those up to a diameter of 2.5 microns. Carbon dioxide emissions are also a problem. Therefore, work is underway on the use of alternative fuels to power the vehicle engines. The importance of alternative fuels applies to spark ignition engines. The authors of the article have done simulation tests of the Renault K4M 1.6 16v traction engine for emissions for fuels with a volumetric concentration of bioethanol from 10 to 85 percent. The analysis was carried out for mixtures as substitute fuels – without doing any structural changes in the engine's crankshafts. Emission of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, oxygen at full throttle for selected rotational speeds as well as selected engine performance parameters such as maximum power, torque, hourly and unit fuel consumption were determined. On the basis of the simulation tests performed, the reasonableness of using the tested alternative fuels was determined on the example of the drive unit without affecting its constructions, in terms of e.g. issue. Maximum power, torque, and fuel consumption have also been examined and compared. Thus, the impact of alternative fuels will be determined not only in terms of emissions, but also in terms of impact on the parameters of the power unit.

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