scholarly journals Full Gait Cycle Knee Kinematics of Healthy Adults Measured Using Biplane Radiography

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Gale ◽  
William Anderst
Keyword(s):  
Knee Kinematics ◽  
Motion Artifact ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Normative Database ◽  
Tracking Process ◽  
Healthy Knee ◽  
Multiple Trials ◽  
Volumetric Model ◽  
Tibiofemoral Kinematics ◽  
Prediction Bands

Abstract A dataset of knee kinematics in healthy, uninjured adults is needed to serve as a reference for comparison when evaluating the effects of injury, surgery, rehabilitation, and age. Most currently available datasets that characterize healthy knee kinematics were developed using conventional motion analysis, known to suffer from skin motion artifact. More accurate kinematics, obtained from bone pins or biplane radiography, have been reported for datasets ranging in size from 5 to 15 knees. The aim of this study was to characterize tibiofemoral kinematics and its variability in a larger sample of healthy adults. Thirty-nine knees were imaged using biplane radiography at 100 images/s during multiple trials of treadmill walking. Multiple gait trials were captured to measure stance and swing phase knee kinematics. 6DOF kinematics were determined using a validated volumetric model-based tracking process. A bootstrapping technique was used to define average and 90% prediction bands for the kinematics. The average ROM during gait was 7.0 mm, 3.2 mm, and 2.9 mm in AP, ML and PD directions, and 67.3°, 11.5° and 3.7° in FE, IE, and AbAd. Continuous kinematics demonstrated large inter-knee variability, with 90% prediction bands spanning approximately ±4 mm, ±10 mm, and ±5 mm for ML, AP, and PD translations and ±15°, ±10°, and ±6° in FE, IE, and AbAd. This dataset suggests substantial variability exists in healthy knee kinematics. This study provides a normative database for evaluating knee kinematics in patients who receive conservative or surgical treatment.

scholarly journals In VivoHealthy Knee Kinematics during Dynamic Full Flexion

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Hamai ◽  
Taka-aki Moro-oka ◽  
Nicholas J. Dunbar ◽  
Hiromasa Miura ◽  
Yukihide Iwamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Knee Kinematics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Medial Compartment ◽  
Knee Flexion Angle ◽  
Knee Prostheses ◽  
Healthy Knee ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Full Flexion ◽  
2D Model

Healthy knee kinematics during dynamic full flexion were evaluated using 3D-to-2D model registration techniques. Continuous knee motions were recorded during full flexion in a lunge from 85° to 150°. Medial and lateral tibiofemoral contacts and femoral internal-external and varus-valgus rotations were analyzed as a function of knee flexion angle. The medial tibiofemoral contact translated anteroposteriorly, but remained on the center of the medial compartment. On the other hand, the lateral tibiofemoral contact translated posteriorly to the edge of the tibial surface at 150° flexion. The femur exhibited external and valgus rotation relative to the tibia over the entire activity and reached 30° external and 5° valgus rotations at 150° flexion. Kinematics’ data during dynamic full flexion may provide important insight as to the designing of high-flexion total knee prostheses.

A Normative Database of Hip and Knee Joint Biomechanics During Dynamic Tasks Using Four Functional Methods With Three Functional Calibration Tasks

2019 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hunter J. Bennett ◽  
Kevin A. Valenzuela ◽  
Kristina Fleenor ◽  
Joshua T. Weinhandl
Keyword(s):  
Hip Joint ◽  
Knee Kinematics ◽  
Calibration Method ◽  
Functional Method ◽  
Knee Biomechanics ◽  
Normative Database ◽  
Functional Methods ◽  
Joint Biomechanics ◽  
Joint Center ◽  
Future Work

Abstract Although predicted hip joint center (HJC) locations are known to vary widely between functional methods, no previous investigation has detailed functional method-dependent hip and knee biomechanics. The purpose of this study was to define a normative database of hip joint biomechanics during dynamic movements based upon functional HJC methods and calibration tasks. Thirty healthy young adults performed arc, star arc, and two-sided calibration tasks. Motion capture and ground reaction forces were collected during walking, running, and single-leg landings (SLLs). Two sphere-fit (geometric and algebraic) and two coordinate transformation techniques were implemented using each calibration (12 total method–calibration combinations). Surprisingly, the geometric fit-two-sided model placed the HJC at the midline of the pelvis and above the iliac spines, and thus was removed from analyses. A database of triplanar hip and knee kinematics and hip moments and powers was constructed using the mean of all subjects for the eleven method–calibration combinations. A nested analysis of variance approach compared calibration [method] peak hip kinematics and kinetics. Most method differences existed between geometric fit and coordinate transformations (58 of 84 total). No arc-star arc differences were found. Thirty-two differences were found between the two-sided and arc/star arc calibrations. This database of functional method based hip and knee biomechanics serves as an important reference point for interstudy comparisons. Overall, this study illustrates that functional HJC method can dramatically impact hip biomechanics and should be explicitly detailed in future work.

scholarly journals Healthy Knee Kinematic Phenotypes Identification Based on a Clustering Data Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 12054
Author(s):  
Neila Mezghani ◽  
Rayan Soltana ◽  
Youssef Ouakrim ◽  
Alix Cagnin ◽  
Alexandre Fuentes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Knee Kinematics ◽  
Data Representation ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Statistical Hypothesis ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Global Approach ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Healthy Knee ◽  
Clustering Data

The purpose of this study is to identify healthy phenotypes in knee kinematics based on clustering data analysis. Our analysis uses the 3D knee kinematics curves, namely, flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, and tibial internal/external rotation, measured via a KneeKG™ system during a gait task. We investigated two data representation approaches that are based on the joint analysis of the three dimensions. The first is a global approach that is considered a concatenation of the kinematic data without any dimensionality reduction. The second is a local approach that is considered a set of 69 biomechanical parameters of interest extracted from the 3D kinematic curves. The data representations are followed by a clustering process, based on the BIRCH (balanced iterative reducing and clustering using hierarchies) discriminant model, to separate 3D knee kinematics into homogeneous groups or clusters. Phenotypes were obtained by averaging those groups. We validated the clusters using inter-cluster correlation and statistical hypothesis tests. The simulation results showed that the global approach is more efficient, and it allows the identification of three descriptive 3D kinematic phenotypes within a healthy knee population.

scholarly journals Standard Cruciate-Retaining Total Knee Arthroplasy Implants Can Reproduce Native Kinematics

10.29007/lj2j ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Leandro Dejtiar ◽  
Laura Bartsoen ◽  
Mariska Wesseling ◽  
Roel Wirix-Speetjens ◽  
Jos Vander Sloten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Kinematics ◽  
Musculoskeletal Model ◽  
Common Procedure ◽  
Cruciate Retaining ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Operative Planning ◽  
Quality Of Movement ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Tibiofemoral Kinematics

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common procedure that has become the standard of treatment for severe cases of knee osteoarthritis. Biomechanics and quality of movement similar to healthy were found to improve patient-reported outcomes.In this study, an evaluated musculoskeletal model predicted ligament, contact and muscle forces together with secondary tibiofemoral kinematics. An artificial neural network applied to the musculoskeletal model searched for the optimal implant position in a given range that will minimize the root-mean-square-error (RMSE) between post- TKA and native experimental tibiofemoral kinematics during a squat.We found that, using a cruciate-retaining implant, native kinematics could be accurately reproduced (average RMSE 1.47 mm (± 0.89 mm) for translations and 2.89° (± 2.83°) for rotations between native and optimal TKA alignment). The required implant positions changes maximally 2.96 mm and 2.40o. This suggests that when using pre- operative planning, off-the-shelf CR implants allow for reproducing native knee kinematics post-operatively.

How prosthetic design influences knee kinematics: a narrative review of tibiofemoral kinematics of healthy and joint-replaced knees

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanhe Meng ◽  
Sebastian Jaeger ◽  
Robert Sonntag ◽  
Stefan Schroeder ◽  
Sydney Smith-Romanski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Kinematics ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Prosthetic Design ◽  
Tibiofemoral Kinematics

In Vitro Kinematic Analysis of Single Axis Radius Posterior-Substituting Total Knee Arthroplasty

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Arauz ◽  
Yun Peng ◽  
Tiffany Castillo ◽  
Christian Klemt ◽  
Young-Min Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Knee Kinematics ◽  
Lateral Collateral Ligament ◽  
Collateral Ligament ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Healthy Knee ◽  
Joint Biomechanics ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Intact Knee

AbstractThis is an experimental study. As current posterior-substituting (PS) total knee arthroplasties have been reported to incompletely restore intrinsic joint biomechanics of the healthy knee, the recently designed single axis radius PS knee system was introduced to increase posterior femoral translation and promote ligament isometry. As there is a paucity of data available regarding its ability to replicate healthy knee biomechanics, this study aimed to assess joint and articular contact kinematics as well as ligament isometry of the contemporary single axis radius PS knee system. Implant kinematics were measured from 11 cadaveric knees using an in vitro robotic testing system. In addition, medial collateral ligament (MCL) and lateral collateral ligament (LCL) forces were quantified under simulated functional loads during knee flexion for the contemporary PS knee system. Posterior femoral translation between the intact knee and the single axis radius PS knee system differed significantly (p < 0.05) at 60, 90, and 120 degrees of flexion. The LCL force at 60 degrees (9.06 ± 2.81 N) was significantly lower (p < 0.05) than those at 30, 90, and 120 degrees of flexion, while MCL forces did not differ significantly throughout the range of tested flexion angles. The results from this study suggest that although the contemporary single axis radius PS knee system has the potential to mimic the intact knee kinematics under muscle loading during flexion extension due to its design features, single axis radius PS knee system did not fully replicate posterior femoral translation and ligament isometry of the healthy knee during knee flexion.

scholarly journals An insert with less than spherical medial conformity causes a loss of passive internal rotation after calipered kinematically aligned TKA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander J. Nedopil ◽  
Adithya Shekhar ◽  
Stephen M. Howell ◽  
Maury L. Hull
Keyword(s):  
Internal Rotation ◽  
Flat Surface ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Knee Kinematics ◽  
Kinematic Alignment ◽  
Tibial Rotation ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Healthy Knee ◽  
Internal Tibial Rotation ◽  
Lift Off

Abstract Introduction In total knee arthroplasty (TKA), the level of conformity, a medial stabilized (MS) implant, needs to restore native (i.e., healthy) knee kinematics without over-tensioning the flexion space when the surgeon chooses to retain the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is unknown. Whether an insert with a medial ball-in-socket conformity and lateral flat surface like the native knee or a less than spherical medial conformity restores higher and closer to native internal tibial rotation without anterior lift-off, an over-tension indicator, when implanted with calipered kinematic alignment (KA), is unknown. Methods and materials Two surgeons treated 21 patients with calipered KA and a PCL retaining MS implant. Validated verification checks that restore native tibial compartment forces in passive flexion without release of healthy ligaments were used to select the optimal insert thickness. A goniometer etched onto trial inserts with the ball-in-socket and the less than spherical medial conformity measured the tibial rotation relative to the femoral component at extension and 90° and 120° flexion. The surgeon recorded the incidence of anterior lift-off of the insert. Results The insert with the medial ball-in-socket and lateral flat surface restored more internal tibial rotation than the one with less than spherical medial conformity, with mean values of 19° vs. 17° from extension to 90° flexion (p < 0.01), and 23° vs. 20°–120° flexion (p < 0.002), respectively. There was no anterior lift-off of the insert at 90° and 120° flexion. Conclusion An MS insert with a medial ball-in-socket and lateral flat surface that matches the native knee’s spherical conformity restores native tibial internal rotation when implanted with calipered KA and PCL retention without over-tensioning the flexion space.

A 3D Motion Phantom for Assessing the Accuracy and Precision of Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Measurement of In Vivo Knee Kinematics

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarred Kaiser ◽  
Rajeev Chaudhary ◽  
Oliver Wieben ◽  
Richard Kijowski ◽  
Darryl Thelen
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Knee Kinematics ◽  
Dynamic Mri ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Volumetric Models ◽  
Motion Phantom ◽  
Skeletal Kinematics ◽  
Tibiofemoral Kinematics ◽  
In Vivo Knee Kinematics

Measurement of in vivo knee kinematics can provide useful insight into disease, injury, and clinical treatment. Cartilage loading patterns are of particular interest while studying the progression of osteoarthritis [1]. However, inferring cartilage contact from skeletal kinematics requires high resolution volumetric models of cartilage surfaces and accurate skeletal positions and orientations. This is a challenging requirement at the knee, which exhibits substantial translation and non-sagittal rotation during normal activities such as gait [2]. We have recently introduced a novel 3D cine magnetic resonance (MR) imaging technique to measure in vivo tibiofemoral kinematics [3]. The purpose of this study was to develop a MR-compatible motion phantom that can generate repeatable 3D skeletal motion suitable for quantifying the accuracy and precision of kinematics derived from dynamic MRI.

scholarly journals Gender differences in knee kinematics during weight-bearing knee flexion for patients with arthrofibrosis after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Zhang ◽  
Shuai Fan ◽  
Jiling Ye ◽  
Xin Jiang ◽  
Bin Cai
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Patellofemoral Joint ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Knee Kinematics ◽  
Tibial Rotation ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Tibiofemoral Kinematics

Abstract Background Knowledge of tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joint kinematics is important for understanding gender-related dimorphism in developing knee arthrofibrosis and advancement of related treatments. The objective of our study was to investigate gender differences existing in tibiofemoral kinematics and patellar tracking in patients with arthrofibrosis after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction during weight-bearing knee flexion. Methods The tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joint kinematics were measured in 30 patients (15 male and 15 female) with arthrofibrosis after ACL reconstruction during a lunge task, using computed tomography and dual fluoroscopic imaging system. These data were analyzed for gender differences. Results The range of tibial rotation, patellar inferior shift, tilt, and flexion were significantly decreased in the affected knee compared to the contralateral knee from 15° to 75° of knee flexion (P ≤ 0.04). Statistically significant difference was detected for medial tibial translation between male and female patients at 60° (P = 0.04) and 75° of knee flexion (P = 0.02). The tibial rotation was significantly decreased at 60° (P = 0.03) and 75° of knee flexion (P < 0.01) in females. The inferior patellar shift in females was significantly lower than that in males at 15° (P = 0.04) and 30° of knee flexion (P = 0.01). The patellar tilt was significantly lower at 60° (P = 0.02) and 75° of knee flexion (P < 0.01) in females compared to males. Conclusions The results indicated a significant effect of gender on knee kinematics in patients with arthrofibrosis after ACL reconstruction during weight-bearing knee flexion. These gender differences in tibiofemoral kinematics and patellar tracking may warrant further investigations to determine implications for making gender-specific surgical treatments and rehabilitation programs.

Gait and Knee Flexion In Vivo Kinematics of Asymmetric Tibial Polyethylene Geometry Cruciate Retaining Total Knee Arthroplasty

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Klemt ◽  
John Drago ◽  
Ruben Oganesyan ◽  
Evan J. Smith ◽  
Ingwon Yeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Knee Kinematics ◽  
Knee Biomechanics ◽  
Functional Activities ◽  
In Vivo Kinematics ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Healthy Knee ◽  
Total Knee

AbstractThe preservation of the posterior cruciate ligament in cruciate retaining (CR) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) designs has the potential to restore healthy knee biomechanics; however, concerns related to kinematic asymmetries during functional activities still exist in unilateral TKA patients. As there is a limited data available regarding the ability of the contemporary CR TKA design with concave medial and convex lateral tibial polyethylene bearing components to restore healthy knee biomechanics, this study aimed to investigate in vivo three-dimensional knee kinematics in CR TKA patients during strenuous knee flexion activities and gait. Using a combined computer tomography and dual fluoroscopic imaging system approach, in vivo kinematics of 15 unilateral CR TKA patients (comparison of replaced and contralateral nonreplaced knee) were evaluated during sit-to-stand, step-ups, single-leg deep lunge, and level walking. The patient cohort was followed-up at an average of 24.5 months ( ± 12.6, range 13–42) from surgical procedure. Significantly smaller internal knee rotation angles were observed for the contemporary CR TKA design during step-ups (2.6 ± 5.8 vs. 6.3 ± 6.6 degrees, p < 0.05) and gait (0.6 ± 4.6 vs. 6.3 ± 6.8 degrees, p < 0.05). Significantly larger proximal and anterior femoral translations were measured during sit-to-stand (34.7 ± 4.5 vs. 29.9 ± 3.1 mm, p < 0.05; –2.5 ± 2.9 vs. –8.1 ± 4.4 mm, p < 0.05) and step-ups (34.1 ± 4.5 vs. 30.8 ± 2.9 mm, p < 0.05; 2.2 ± 3.2 vs. –3.5 ± 4.5 mm, p < 0.05). Significantly smaller ranges of varus/valgus and internal/external rotation range of motion were observed for CR TKA, when compared with the nonoperated nee, during strenuous activities and gait. The preservation of the posterior cruciate ligament in the contemporary asymmetric bearing geometry CR TKA design with concave medial and convex lateral tibial polyethylene bearing components has the potential to restore healthy knee biomechanics; however, the study findings demonstrate that native knee kinematics were not fully restored in patients with unilateral asymmetric tibial polyethylene bearing geometry CR TKA during functional activities.

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