Understanding the Effects of Capturing Climate and Occupancy Trends During Concept-Stage Sustainable Building Design

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Lin ◽  
Bahaa Albarhami ◽  
Salvador Mayoral ◽  
Joseph Piacenza
Keyword(s):  
Green Building ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
State University ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Sustainable Building ◽  
Climate Zones ◽  
Leed Certification ◽  
Actual Energy Consumption

Abstract This paper presents a model prediction to capture specifically how energy usage in sustainable buildings on college campuses is affected by different variables of student life. The California State University, Fullerton (CSUF) Student Housing Phase III, which received a Platinum Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification for the Building Design and Construction category, with its performance in a LEED California Nonresidential Title 24 (NRT24) and ASHRAE 90.1 climate zones, is used as a case study to illustrate the method. Through LEED-approved software, the standard compliant energy models are compared with the occupancy-scheduled models along with the actual energy consumption in different climate zones. The results provide insight into how variables within student dormitory life affect the total building energy usage. The total amount of energy consumed per area is one new factor providing understanding into occupancy trends. This new data set reveals more understanding regarding how and where the energy is consumed to maintain a comfortable learning environment. The LEED certification program is one benchmark used to determine sustainable building design. Designers must adhere to set standards before being awarded a U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) certification such as LEED. The results from this paper will provide input over which variables within student dormitory life affect the energy usage of the building. With the model results, some solutions are presented to update the LEED project certification as well as to reduce student energy usage.

Understanding the Importance of Capturing Climate and Occupancy Trends During Concept-Stage Sustainable Building Design

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Lin ◽  
Bahaa Albarhami ◽  
Salvador Mayoral ◽  
Joseph Piacenza
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Climate Zones ◽  
Leed Certification ◽  
Actual Energy Consumption

This paper presents a comparison of concept stage computational model predictions to capture how building energy consumption is affected by different climate zones. The California State University, Fullerton (CSUF) Student Housing Phase III, which received a Platinum Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification for the Building Design and Construction category, and its performance in a LEED California Nonresidential Title 24 (NRT24) and ASHRAE 90.1 climate zones is used as a case study to illustrate the method. Through LEED approved simulation software, the standard compliant energy simulation models are compared to the occupancy scheduled models along with the actual energy consumption in different climate zones. The results provide insight to how variables within student dormitory life affect total building energy usage. Total amount of energy consumed per area is one new factor providing understanding into occupancy trends. This new data set reveals more understanding regarding how and where the energy is consumed to maintain a comfortable learning environment.

Understanding the Impact of Climate Zones for Occupancy Trends in Sustainable Housing Designs

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Lin ◽  
Bahaa Albarhami ◽  
Salvador Mayoral ◽  
Joseph Piacenza
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Models ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Climate Zones ◽  
Leed Certification ◽  
Sustainable Housing ◽  
Electrical Consumption ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the paper is to provide a model prediction to capture how energy usage in sustainable buildings on college campuses is affected by different climate zones. A case study focus is on the California State University, Fullerton (CSUF) Student Housing Phase III which received a Platinum Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification for the Building Design and Construction category. In a previous CSUF study, the energy usage and cost data for the 2014–2015 academic year was compared to the predicted data from the LEED NC 2.2. The comparison revealed there was a small discrepancy, 10%, between the values for predicted electrical consumption versus actual consumption; however, a greater difference, 135%, between the gas consumption exists. Using LEED approved simulation software, the ASHRAE 90.1 and LEED California Nonresidential Title 24 (NRT 24) compliant energy simulation models is compared; the results will provide input over which variables within student dormitory life affect the energy usage of the building. Some solutions may update the LEED project certification as well as reduce student energy usage.

Understanding the Impact of Occupancy Trends in Sustainable Housing Designs

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Piacenza ◽  
Salvador Mayoral ◽  
Sean Lin ◽  
Lauren Won ◽  
Xava Grooms
Keyword(s):  
Computational Models ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Student Housing ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Sustainable Building ◽  
Leed Certification ◽  
Sustainable Housing ◽  
Course Scheduling ◽  
Housing Complex ◽  
The Impact

As sustainable building mandates become more prevalent in new commercial buildings, it is a challenge to create a broad, one-size-fits-all certification process. While designers can estimate energy usage with computation tools such as model based design, anticipating the post occupancy usage is more difficult. Understanding energy usage trends is especially complicated in university student housing buildings, where occupancy varies significantly as a function of enrollment and course scheduling. This research explores the effect of student occupancy on both predicted and actual energy usage in a LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) Platinum certified student housing complex. A case study is presented from the California State University Fullerton (CSUF) campus, and examines diversity factor, defined as a building’s instantaneous energy usage as a percentage of the maximum allowable usage during a period of time, trends throughout the academic year. The CSUF case diversity factor is compared to the diversity factor used in predictive models for obtaining LEED certification, and the mandates that govern the models (e.g., ASHRAE 90.1). The results of the analysis show the benefits of considering post occupancy usage in sustainable building designs, and recommendations are presented for creating unique and application based computational models, early in the design process. This research has broad applications, and can extend to sustainable building design in other organizations, whose operational schedule falls outside of current prediction methods for sustainability mandates.

The application and barriers of BIM in sustainable building design

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olufolahan Oduyemi ◽  
Michael Iheoma Okoroh ◽  
Oluwaseun Samuel Fajana
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Building Information Modelling ◽  
Sustainable Building ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Information Modelling ◽  
Building Information

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore and rank the benefits and barriers (technological and non-technological) of using Building Information Modelling (BIM) in sustainable building design. It also employs the use of a design tool analysis of a case study using BIM compatible tools (Ecotect and Green Building Studio) to determine the environmental performance of a proposed multi-use building at Derby North. Design/methodology/approach The paper explores the benefits and barriers of using BIM through a literature review. Regression and factor analysis were used to rank these benefits and barriers. A questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 120 practitioners with 69 completing the survey. Finally, the paper employs the use of a design tool analysis of a case study using BIM-compatible tools (Ecotect and Green Building Studio) to determine the environmental performance of a proposed multi-use building at Derby North riverside. Findings The key findings of the statistical analysis indicated that professionals ranked the integrated project delivery as the most established benefit, while the lack of interoperability was ranked the greatest technological challenge. Only three of the attributes of non-technological challenges made statistically unique contributions, namely, training costs and software costs, client demand and potential legal issues. It was also discovered that BIM delivers information needed for environmental performance. In a forward-looking approach, the paper attempts to provide some recommendations that would encourage the continuous application of BIM in sustainable building design. Research limitations/implications This paper does not cover all features of BIM functionality, as the scope of BIM is very enormous and the resources of this research were limited. Practical implications The implication of the study is that it will assist in exploring and ranking the benefits and barriers (technological and non-technological) of using BIM while proffering recommendations for future use. This research will be of interest to industry practitioners and academic researchers with an interest in building information modelling. Originality/value This paper contributes with new outlooks aimed at syndicating sustainability with environmental performance and adds to the limited empirical studies on the benefits and barriers of the application of BIM.

scholarly journals Architect Familiarity and Perceptions Surrounding Sustainable Design, LEED, and Engineered Wood Products in Arkansas

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-31
Author(s):  
Matthew Pelkki ◽  
Gabrielle Sherman ◽  
Tamara Walkingstick ◽  
Kenneth Wallen
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Design ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Leed Certification ◽  
Engineered Wood Products ◽  
Engineered Wood

The sustainable building design movement has gained momentum within the United States in recent years. This has led to a proliferation of green building certification programs like Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) and the development of engineered wood products (EWP) like cross laminated timber (CLT). Often, architects serve as the conduit between green building construction material and their use in construction. There is need to investigate the perceptions and practices of architects on the topic of green building certification and EWPs. In partnership with the American Institute of Architects (AIA), this study surveyed registered architects practicing in Arkansas to a) examine interest in and application of LEED certification and b) beliefs related to sustainability, affordability, and availability of EWPs. Results suggest a majority of architects surveyed have interest in the LEED program and have previously earned LEED-certification for a building design. Respondents rated the importance of improving human health and well-being as especially high but appear to doubt the ability of EWP to contribute to sustainable design. Analysis revealed that CLT use is significantly lower than that of more typical EWPs such as plywood panels and glue laminated timber. Architects also indicated that the affordability and availability of modern EWP represent significant barriers to their utilization within the state. To increase the rate of sustainable development, it will be necessary to highlight benefits to human and environmental health and generate interest amongst architectural clientele.

scholarly journals BIM-based LCA and energy analysis for optimised sustainable building design in Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kofi A. B. Asare ◽  
Kirti D. Ruikar ◽  
Mariangela Zanni ◽  
Robby Soetanto
Keyword(s):  
Energy Analysis ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Sustainable Building ◽  
Selection Decisions ◽  
Building Information

AbstractIntegration of Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is regarded as useful for making design decisions regarding the environmental and health impacts of building products and materials. This research aimed at studying the process of BIM-LCA integration to assist designers in making sustainable material and product selection decisions in Ghana. A guidance framework for implementation of BIM-LCA supported by energy analysis has been developed to aid optimisation of sustainable design solutions based on simulations using Autodesk Revit as a BIM authoring tool, Green Building Studio and Tally to perform energy and LCA simulations on a hypothetical two-bedroom single-family house. The research considers both operational and embodied carbon effects of the design solution. The framework aligns with the RIBA Plan of Work 2013 Stages 0–2 (i.e. Strategic definition, Preparation and briefing, and Concept design) and presents a systematic approach for BIM-based LCA estimation for the early design stages using the Business Process Modelling Notation. The paper proposes a generic approach which has the potential to incorporate LCA as an integral part to the BIM-enabled design development process. This assists designers in decision-making that consider environmental impacts of materials and energy consumption as part of sustainable building design considerations.

Understanding the Importance of Post Occupancy Usage Trends During Concept-Stage Sustainable Building Design

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Piacenza ◽  
Salvador Mayoral ◽  
Bahaa Albarhami ◽  
Sean Lin
Keyword(s):  
Computational Models ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Student Housing ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Sustainable Building ◽  
Actual Usage ◽  
Mixed Use ◽  
Housing Complex ◽  
The Impact

As sustainable building mandates become more prevalent in new commercial and mixed use buildings, it is a challenge to create a broad, one-size-fits-all certification process. While designers can estimate energy usage with computational tools such as model based design, anticipating the post occupancy usage is more challenging. Understanding and predicting energy usage trends is especially complicated in unique mixed use building applications, such as university student housing buildings, where occupancy varies significantly as a function of enrollment, course scheduling, and student study habits. This research explores a computational modeling approach used to achieve LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) Platinum certification for a student housing complex design. A case study is presented from the California State University, Fullerton (CSUF) campus, and examines the impact of post occupancy building usage trends, and diversity factor, defined as a building’s instantaneous energy usage normalized by the maximum allowable usage, on energy use estimates. The CSUF case model, which was originally created using EnergySoft’s EnergyPro 5 software, is examined. An annual predictive energy use comparison is performed in EnergyPro 5 using general building design mandates (i.e., ASHRAE 90.1, California Title 24), and CSUF case specific building usage details (e.g., student scheduling, diversity factor). In addition, the energy usage estimates of these two predictive models are compared to the actual usage data collected during the 2014 academic year. The results of this comparison show the benefits of considering post occupancy usage, and recommendations are presented for creating unique and application based computational models, early in the design process. This research has broad applications, and can extend to sustainable building design in other organizations, whose operational schedule falls outside of current prediction methods for sustainability mandates.

Sociological Methods for Sustainable Urban Design

2015 ◽  
Vol 737 ◽  
pp. 909-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zinaida Ilyinichna Ivanova ◽  
Olga Valeryevna Yudenkova
Keyword(s):  
Green Building ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Sustainable Building ◽  
Green Building Design ◽  
The Usa ◽  
And Function ◽  
Building Operation ◽  
Ecologically Sustainable ◽  
Building Standards

The authors raise a question of the necessity of urgent introduction of the principles of green building design into the practice. It is emphasized that such a necessity is dictated by the dangerous degradation processes occurring in the biosphere and society. In the given report the questions of social purpose and function of architectural activity are raised, as well as of the development of the sociology of architecture as an essential field of scientific research for providing the quality of design solutions.Green building technologies are widely spread in Europe, USA and in the Korea, China. Green building and sustainable building technologies have converted into a regular construction and building operation practice, whose mission is to reduce consumption of power and other material resources and to preserve or improve the quality of buildings and their comfort. The most reputable green building standards include LEED in the USA and BREAM in Great Britain. A discussion of local green standards, that will take account of the climate, landscape, and the lifestyle of residents, is underway in Russia. Principles of the ecologically sustainable design are being introduced into the architectural practice.

Goals and Operation of Green Building

2013 ◽  
Vol 438-439 ◽  
pp. 1706-1709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Jun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Design Team ◽  
Sustainable Building ◽  
Environmentally Responsible ◽  
Close Cooperation ◽  
Construction Operation ◽  
Building Practice ◽  
Design Construction

Green building, also known as green construction or sustainable building, refers to a structure and using process that is environmentally responsible and resource-efficient throughout a buildings life-cycle from siting to design, construction, operation, maintenance, renovation and demolition. This requires close cooperation of design team, architects, engineers, and client at all project stages. The green building practice expands and complements the classical building design concerns of economy, utility, durability and comfort.

scholarly journals Rethinking life cycle cost drivers for sustainable office buildings in Denmark

Facilities ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (9/10) ◽  
pp. 624-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Haugbølle ◽  
Lau M. Raffnsøe
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Life Cycle Costing ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Sustainable Building ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cost Drivers

Purpose Sustainable building design suffers from a lack of reliable life cycle data. The purpose of this paper is to compare life cycle costs of sustainable building projects, examine the magnitude of various cost drivers and discuss the implications of an emerging shift in cost drivers. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on data from 21 office buildings certified in Denmark according to the sustainable certification scheme DGNB. Findings The paper supports previous findings that construction costs and running costs each roughly make up half of the life cycle costs over a 50-year period. More surprising is the finding that the life cycle costs for cleaning are approximately twice as high as the supply costs for energy and water. Research limitations/implications The data set is based on actual construction costs of office buildings constructed in 2013-2017. Although all running costs are calculated rather than measured, they are based on a more detailed, specific and industry-supported set of calculation assumptions than is usual for life cycle costing studies because of extensive collaborative work in a number of concomitant national research and development projects. Practical implications Authorities, clients and building professionals heavily emphasise energy-saving measures in new Danish buildings. The paper suggests redirecting this effort towards other more prominent cost drivers like cleaning and technical installations. Originality/value This paper provides a notable contribution to the academic understanding of the significance of different cost drivers as well as the practical implementation of life cycle costing.

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