An Innovative Laser Metasurface Fabrication Technique for Highly Flexible Optoelectronic Devices

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinghua Wang ◽  
Haoxuan You ◽  
Zach Lowery ◽  
Songwei Li ◽  
Hao Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Resistance ◽  
Optoelectronic Devices ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Fabrication Technique ◽  
Laser Patterning ◽  
Visible Transmittance ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Mechanical Durability ◽  
Nano Imprint

Abstract Flexible optoelectronic devices have attracted considerable attention due to their low weight, portability, and ease of integration with other devices. However, major issues still exist: they are subject to repeated stresses, which often leads to damage; and the current fabrication methods such as photolithography and nano-imprint lithography can be very time-consuming or costly. This work aims to develop a novel cost-effective and time-efficient laser metasurface fabrication (LMF) technique for production of flexible optoelectronic devices. The experimental results have shown that the laser patterned flexible surfaces exhibit high visible transmittance, low sheet resistance, and extraordinary mechanical durability under repeated bending cycles. The laser patterned flexible surfaces have also demonstrated the potential to be utilized as heaters, which renders them new de-icing or de-fogging applications. This innovative laser patterning method will provide a new avenue for fabrication of multifunctional optoelectronic devices.

scholarly journals Cost-of-illness for non-underweight binge-eating disorders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul E. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Academic Impairment ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Binge Eating Disorders ◽  
Low Weight

Abstract Purpose This study examined economic costs associated with untreated eating disorders (EDs) characterised by regular binge eating in the absence of low weight. Both direct and indirect costs were assessed, reporting a limited societal perspective of economic impact as some costs were not included. Methods One hundred and twenty six adults seeking treatment for recurrent binge eating were asked to report impairment associated with an ED. Costs were calculated using 2017 prices, including an examination of variables associated with costs. Results Estimated societal costs for the year preceding assessment were £3268.47 (€3758.54) per person. In multivariate analyses, no reliable baseline associates of cost were identified. Conclusion The economic burden of EDs characterised by regular binge eating is significant, and underscores the need for efficacious and cost-effective treatments. Individuals with binge-eating disorders report work impairment and healthcare use that may cost the United Kingdom economy upwards of £3.5 billion (€4bn) per annum. Further studies should consider academic impairment and the economic impact of EDs on families. Level of evidence III: evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case–control analytic studies.

scholarly journals Improved Refractive Index Sensitivity Utilizing Long-Period Gratings with Periodic Corrugations on Cladding

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Lim ◽  
Wen Bin Ji ◽  
Swee Chuan Tjin
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Refractive Index Sensitivity ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Specimen Collection ◽  
Long Period Gratings ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Index Sensitivity

A new structure of Long-Period Gratings (LPGs) sensor is introduced as a sensitive ambient RI sensor. This structure consists of creating periodic corrugations on the cladding of the LPG. The experimental results show that this LPG structure has good performances in terms of linearity and sensitivity and serves as a highly sensitive and cost-effective sensor. It also has the advantage of portability as the corrugation can also serve as the reservoir for the specimen collection to be tested.

A Fast Response Surface Thermocouple

1974 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. S. Donaldson ◽  
R. A. Haslett
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Rise Time ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Fabrication Technique ◽  
Surface Thermocouple

A fabrication technique is described for a cheap, robust surface thermocouple having a rise time of the order of 5 μs. Experimental results using the thermocouple are also presented.

scholarly journals Highly stabilized flexible transparent capacitive photodetector based on silver nanowire/graphene hybrid electrodes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yooji Hwang ◽  
Young Hyun Hwang ◽  
Kwang Wook Choi ◽  
Seungwon Lee ◽  
Soojin Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Resistance ◽  
Dielectric Layer ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Current Measurement ◽  
Silver Nanowire ◽  
Semiconductor Materials ◽  
Graphene Electrode ◽  
Mechanical Durability ◽  
New Type ◽  
Ag Nanowire

AbstractThe need for photodetectors in various fields has gradually emerged, and several studies in this area are therefore being conducted. For photodetectors to be used in various environments, their transparency, flexibility, and durability must be ensured. However, the development of flexible photodetectors based on the current measurement techniques of conventional photodetectors has been difficult owing to the limitations of semiconductor materials. In this study, a new type of flexible and transparent capacitive photodetector was fabricated to address the shortcomings of conventional photodetectors. In addition, by introducing graphene electrodes to a new type of manufactured photodetector, devices with excellent overall chemical, thermal, and mechanical durability have been developed. Compared to photodetectors based on pristine Ag nanowire (AgNW) electrodes, AgNW/graphene hybrid electrode-based photodetectors exhibit a 20% higher photosensitivity. Also, the hybrid AgNW/graphene electrode on the dielectric layer exhibited low sheet resistance (~ 8 Ω/sq) and relatively high transmittance (~ 45%).

scholarly journals 4 Fluid Dispenser Prototype: A Time Based Approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
S. M. Omair ◽  
Nageen Shahid ◽  
M. A. Haleem ◽  
M. Azam ◽  
M. W. Munir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Great Demand ◽  
Fluid Dispensing ◽  
Transceiver Module

In today's era when precise, accurate and timeefficient systems are in great demand, automated techniquessupersede manual practices. As a need of time, we introduce awireless, automated, cost effective, yet reliable and efficientsystem of fluid dispensing. Our prototype system can dispensevarying amounts of fluids in milliliters (maximum 1L) as perdemand of the user. It uses the principle of time based fluiddispensing achieved through the built-in timer property of theAT89C51 microcontroller. To satisfy the principle used andverify the system's accuracy, fluids of varying viscosities weredispensed and monitored. The experimental results of thewireless fluid dispensing system when tested showed linearrelationship between the dispensing time and desired volumes offluids having differing viscosities. The added feature of wirelesscontrol using HM-TRP series transceiver module along with onsitecontrol via a keypad eliminated the need of physical presenceof operator within the range of 10 meters in order to make thesystem operational. This system can be used in pharmaceuticaland beverage industries as well as in different laboratories fordispensing and filling volumes of fluids with varying viscosities.

scholarly journals Optimization of a Handwriting Method by an Automated Ink Pen for Cost-Effective and Sustainable Sensors

Chemosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 264
Author(s):  
Florin C. Loghin ◽  
José F. Salmerón ◽  
Paolo Lugli ◽  
Markus Becherer ◽  
Aniello Falco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Printed Electronics ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Capacitive Sensor ◽  
Fabrication Technique ◽  
Rfid Tag ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Fast Prototyping ◽  
Do It Yourself

In this work, we present a do-it-yourself (DIY) approach for the environmental-friendly fabrication of printed electronic devices and sensors. The setup consists only of an automated handwriting robot and pens filled with silver conductive inks. Here, we thoroughly studied the fabrication technique and different optimized parameters. The best-achieved results were 300 mΩ/sq as sheet resistance with a printing resolution of 200 µm. The optimized parameters were used to manufacture fully functional electronics devices: a capacitive sensor and a RFID tag, essential for the remote reading of the measurements. This technique for printed electronics represents an alternative for fast-prototyping and ultra-low-cost fabrication because of both the cheap equipment required and the minimal waste of materials, which is especially interesting for the development of cost-effective sensors.

Successful Moveable Bridges

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kjeld Thomsen ◽  
Christian Riis Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Operation Time ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Hydraulic Systems ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Electrical Systems ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Selection Of

<p>The present paper describes developments in the design of the most common types of movable bridges – Bascule bridges and Swing Bridges. The selection of design concepts is influenced by span, foundation conditions as well as environmental issues. Application of modern hydraulic systems and innovative bearing types for swing bridges facilitate the creation of outstanding designs. Recently built moveable bridges in Denmark exemplifies the trend and how application of modern technology and creativity can lead to outstanding solutions. There are many governing parameters such as the span, free opening height and loading conditions. Equally important issues such as surroundings, landscape, foundation conditions, requirement to low weight, achievable tolerances and from a mechanical point of view, the operation time. Risk assessment, mechanical- and electrical systems and the requirement to operation time and maintenance cost, will have influence on the selection of machinery and the architectural and structural design. For each of the moveable bridges described, it is shown how innovative application of modern bearing concepts and hydraulic systems can lead to elegant and cost-effective solutions.</p>

scholarly journals Coupling Quasi-Two-Dimensional Friction Model and Discrete Vapor Cavity Model for Simulation of Transient Cavitating Flows in Pipeline Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Qiang Sun ◽  
Yuebin Wu ◽  
Ying Xu ◽  
Liang Chen ◽  
Tae Uk Jang
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Friction Model ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Cavity Model ◽  
Cavitating Flows ◽  
Vapor Cavity ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Pipeline Systems

Accurate simulation of cavitating flows in pipeline systems is important for cost-effective surge protection. However, this is still a challenge due to the complex nature of the problem. This paper presents a numerical model that combines the discrete vapor cavity model (DVCM) with the quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) friction model to simulate transient cavitating flows in pipeline systems. The proposed model is solved by the method of characteristics (MOC), and the performance is investigated through a numerical case study formulated based on a laboratory pipeline reported in the literature. The results obtained by the proposed model are compared with those calculated by the classic one-dimensional (1D) friction model with the DVCM and the corresponding experimental results provided by the literature, respectively. The comparison shows that the pressure peak, waveform, and phase of pressure pulsations predicted by the proposed model are closer to the experimental results than those obtained by the classic 1D model. This demonstrates that the proposed model that combines the quasi-2D friction model with the DVCM has provided a solution to more accurately simulate transient cavitating flows in pipeline systems.

The Measurement of Component Friction Losses in a Fired Engine: Part 2 — Experimental Results

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riaz A. Mufti ◽  
Martin Priest
Keyword(s):  
Engine Performance ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Component Level ◽  
Component Design ◽  
Engine Part ◽  
Actual Use

Bench testing can provide rapid and cost effective information for developing new lubricants. But there is general agreement that the only satisfactory means of evaluating the behaviour of engine oil is by actual use in engine. Also for detailed analysis of the tribological interaction it is important to analyse the engine performance at the component level. With the help of advance data acquisition system and sensor technology, experimental measurement of friction losses at the component level have been measured at realistic engine operating conditions, using the technique explained in Part 1. This paper describes the outcome of the experimental results at a range of engine operating conditions using mainly SAE 0W20 lubricant and some results from a friction-modified SAE 5W30 lubricant. The results clearly show considerable changes in the percentage contribution of power loss between low and high lubricant temperatures. The change in mode of lubricating regime from boundary to fluid film lubrication can be seen at the component level with increase in engine speed and decrease in lubricant temperature. This system can be used as a powerful tool for screening engine oils, analysing component design, validating friction models and studying the effect of different additives on the performance of each component under realistic operating conditions.

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