Uncertainty Quantification Analysis of a Pressurized Fuel Cell Hybrid System

2019 ◽  
Vol 142 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Cuneo ◽  
Andrea Giugno ◽  
Luca Mantelli ◽  
Alberto Traverso
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Uncertainty Quantification ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Computational Effort ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Pressure Losses ◽  
Quantification Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Pressurized solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) systems are a sustainable opportunity for improvement over conventional systems, featuring high electric efficiency, potential for cogeneration applications, and low carbon emissions. Such systems are usually analyzed in deterministic conditions. However, it is widely demonstrated that such systems are affected significantly by uncertainties, both in component performance and operating parameters. This paper aims to study the propagation of uncertainties related both to the fuel cell (ohmic losses, anode ejector diameter, and fuel gas composition) and the gas turbine cycle characteristics (compressor and turbine efficiencies, recuperator pressure losses). The analysis is carried out on an innovative hybrid system layout, where a turbocharger is used to pressurize the fuel cell, promising better cost effectiveness then a microturbine-based hybrid system, at small scales. Due to plant complexity and high computational effort required by uncertainty quantification methodologies, a response surface (RS) is created. To evaluate the impact of the aforementioned uncertainties on the relevant system outputs, such as overall efficiency and net electrical power, the Monte Carlo method is applied to the RS. Particular attention is focused on the impact of uncertainties on the opening of the turbocharger wastegate valve, which is aimed at satisfying the fuel cell constraints at each operating condition.

Uncertainty Quantification Analysis of a Pressurised Fuel Cell Hybrid System

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Cuneo ◽  
Andrea Giugno ◽  
Luca Mantelli ◽  
Alberto Traverso
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Uncertainty Quantification ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Computational Effort ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Pressure Losses ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Pressurised solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) systems are a sustainable opportunity for improvement over conventional systems, featuring high electric efficiency, potential for cogeneration applications and low carbon emissions. Such systems are usually analyzed in deterministic conditions. However, it is widely demonstrated that such systems are affected significantly by uncertainties, both in component performance and operating parameters. This paper aims to study the propagation of uncertainties related both to the fuel cell (ohmic losses, anode ejector diameter and fuel gas composition) and the gas turbine cycle characteristics (compressor and turbine efficiencies, recuperator pressure losses). The analysis is carried out on an innovative hybrid system layout, where a turbocharger is used to pressurise the fuel cell, promising better cost effectiveness then a microturbine-based hybrid system, at small scales. Due to plant complexity and high computational effort required by uncertainty quantification methodologies, a response surface is created. To evaluate the impact of the aforementioned uncertainties on the relevant system outputs, such as overall efficiency and net electrical power, the Monte Carlo method is applied to the response surface. Particular attention is focused on the impact of uncertainties on the opening of the turbocharger wastegate valve, which is aimed at satisfying the fuel cell constraints at each operating condition.

Robust Design of a Fuel Cell - Turbocharger Hybrid System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Giugno ◽  
Luca Mantelli ◽  
Alberto Traverso
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Pareto Front ◽  
Response Surfaces ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Steady State Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Main Operating

Abstract Pressurized solid oxide fuel cell systems are a particularly attractive conversion technology for their high electric efficiency, potential for cogeneration applications, low carbon emissions and high performance at part-load. In this work an innovative biofueled hybrid system is considered, where the fuel cell stack is pressurized with a turbocharger, resulting in a system with improved cost effectiveness than a microturbinebased one at small scales. In a previous work, a detailed steady state model of the system, featuring components validated with industrial data, was developed to simulate the system and analyze its behavior in different conditions. The results obtained from this model were used to create response surfaces capable of evaluating the impact of the main operating parameters (fuel cell area, stack current density and recuperator surface) on the performance and the profitability of the plant considering system uncertainties. In this paper, similar but extended response surfaces will be used to perform a multi-objective optimization of the system considering the capital costs of the plant and the net power produced as objectives (turbocharger is fixed in geometry). The impact of the energy market scenario on the optimal design of such a system will be investigated considering its installation in three different countries. Finally, the Pareto front produced by optimization will be used to evaluate the robustness of the top performance solutions.

scholarly journals The Exergy Costs of Electrical Power, Cooling, and Waste Heat from a Hybrid System Based on a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell and an Absorption Refrigeration System

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 3476 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Rangel-Hernandez ◽  
C. Torres ◽  
A. Zaleta-Aguilar ◽  
M. Gomez-Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Absorption Refrigeration ◽  
Absorption Refrigeration System ◽  
The Impact

This paper applies the Exergy Cost Theory (ECT) to a hybrid system based on a 500 kWe solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stack and on a vapor-absorption refrigeration (VAR) system. To achieve this, a model comprised of chemical, electrochemical, thermodynamic, and thermoeconomic equations is developed using the software, Engineering Equation Solver (EES). The model is validated against previous works. This approach enables the unit exergy costs (electricity, cooling, and residues) to be computed by a productive structure defined by components, resources, products, and residues. Most importantly, it allows us to know the contribution of the environment and of the residues to the unit exergy cost of the product of the components. Finally, the simulation of different scenarios makes it possible to analyze the impact of stack current density, fuel use, temperature across the stack, and anode gas recirculation on the unit exergy costs of electrical power, cooling, and residues.

Robust Design of a Fuel Cell-Turbocharger Hybrid System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Giugno ◽  
Luca Mantelli ◽  
Alberto Traverso
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Pareto Front ◽  
Response Surfaces ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Steady State Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Main Operating

Abstract Pressurized solid oxide fuel cell systems are a particularly attractive conversion technology for their high electric efficiency, potential for cogeneration applications, low carbon emissions and high performance at part-load. In this work an innovative biofueled hybrid system is considered, where the fuel cell stack is pressurized with a turbocharger, resulting in a system with improved cost effectiveness than a microturbine-based one at small scales. In a previous work, a detailed steady state model of the system, featuring components validated with industrial data, was developed to simulate the system and analyze its behavior in different conditions. The results obtained from this model were used to create response surfaces capable of evaluating the impact of the main operating parameters (fuel cell area, stack current density and recuperator surface) on the performance and the profitability of the plant considering system uncertainties. In this paper, similar but extended response surfaces will be used to perform a multi-objective optimization of the system considering the capital costs of the plant and the net power produced as objectives (turbocharger is fixed in geometry). The impact of the energy market scenario on the optimal design of such a system will be investigated considering its installation in three different countries. Finally, the Pareto front produced by optimization will be used to evaluate the robustness of the top performance solutions.

scholarly journals Robust Design of a Hybrid Energy System

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 02008
Author(s):  
Andrea Giugno ◽  
Luca Mantelli ◽  
Alessandra Cuneo ◽  
Alberto Traverso
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Robust Design ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Energy Field ◽  
The Impact

Nowadays the research in energy field is focused on conversion technologies which could achieve higher efficiencies and lower environmental impact. Among these, fuel cells are considered an extremely promising technology and pressurized solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) systems are particularly attractive for their high electric efficiency, potential for cogeneration applications, low carbon emissions and high performance at part-load. This paper aims to perform a robust design of an innovative turbocharged hybrid system model, featuring components validated with industrial data, where a turbocharger is used to pressurize the fuel cell, promising better cost effectiveness than a microturbine-based hybrid system, at small scales. This study will evaluate the impact of the main operating parameters (fuel cell area, stack current density and recuperator surface) on the plant performance, considering uncertainties in the system and creating a response surface of the model to perform the study. Finally, a study of the operating costs of such plant is performed to evaluate its profitability in the Italian market scenario.

Fuel-Cell Hybrid Systems to Generate Shipboard Electrical Power

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Sembler ◽  
S. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Hybrid Systems ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Cell Hybrid ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
History Of ◽  
Marine Applications ◽  
Fuel Cell Hybrid

The reduction of shipboard airborne emissions has been receiving increased attention due to the desire to improve air quality and reduce the generation of greenhouse gases. The use of a fuel cell could represent an environmentally friendly way for a ship to generate in-port electrical power that would eliminate the need to operate diesel-driven generators or use shore power. This paper includes a brief description of the various types of fuel cells in use today, together with a review of the history of fuel cells in marine applications. In addition, the results of a feasibility study conducted to evaluate the use of a fuel-cell hybrid system to produce shipboard electrical power are presented.

The impact of sulfur on the performance of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system operated with hydrocarboneous fuel gas

2009 ◽  
Vol 189 (2) ◽  
pp. 1127-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian P. Nagel ◽  
Tilman J. Schildhauer ◽  
Josef Sfeir ◽  
Alexander Schuler ◽  
Serge M.A. Biollaz
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of Integrated Bio-Catalyst Microbial Fuel Cell with Different Asian Weather Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 99-103
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Impact

As the future energy generation, renewable energy as a cleaner energy is more targeted area of research. Microbial fuel cell (MFC) in hybrid energy sources, one can use wind, solar and MFC with its capability to use bio-catalytic and microorganisms to generate an electrical current. This research focuses on the impact of temperature on generation of energy for Maharashtra regions. The proposed framework presents the study about MFC bio-catalysts and its ability to produce electrical power. The proposed MFC model generates an optimum current by making use of bio-waste as the single electron donor. This paper presents impact of different weather temperatures on the power generation by proposed model.

Heat Exchangers for Fuel Cell and Hybrid System Applications

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Magistri ◽  
A. Traverso ◽  
A. F. Massardo ◽  
R. K. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
The Impact

The fuel cell system and fuel cell gas turbine hybrid system represent an emerging technology for power generation because of its higher energy conversion efficiency, extremely low environmental pollution and potential use of some renewable energy sources as fuels. Depending upon the type and size of applications, from domestic heating to industrial cogeneration, there are different types of fuel cell technologies to be employed. The fuel cells considered in this paper are the proton exchange membrane (PEMFC), the molten carbonate (MCFC) and the solid oxide (SOFC) fuel cells. In all these systems, heat exchangers play an important and critical role in the thermal management of the fuel cell itself and the boundary components, such as the fuel reformer (when methane or natural gas is used), the air preheating and the fuel cell cooling. In this paper, the impact of heat exchangers on the performance of PEMFC systems and SOFC-MCFC gas turbine hybrid systems is investigated. Several options in terms of cycle layout and heat exchanger technology are discussed from the on-design, off-design and control perspectives. A general overview of the main issues related to heat exchangers performance, cost and durability is presented and the most promising configurations identified.

Ambient Temperature Impact on Pressurized SOFC Hybrid Systems

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Larosa ◽  
Alberto Traverso ◽  
Valentina Zaccaria
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Cell Temperature ◽  
Utilization Factor ◽  
The Impact

In this paper advanced control strategies based on Model Predictive Control (MPC) method are compared against a traditional PID controller in a Gas Turbine Pressurized SOFC hybrid system. A model of the integrated mGT-SOFC hybrid system has been developed to analyze the impact of ambient temperature changes on system performance and dynamic behaviour. Four different MIMO controllers (multi input multi output) based on a linearized system model have been implemented in order to control fuel cell temperature and power with different ambient temperatures. Fuel cell temperature is regulated by manipulating the cell by-pass mass flow, while power is regulated by changing the fuel cell electrical current and fuel mass flow (the fuel utilization factor is kept constant). Load following simulations have been carried out as follows: the same load ramp from 100% to 80% of fuel cell power and back has been set and studied under three different ambient conditions, 263K, 288K and 313K (−10°C, 15°C and 40°C). MPC demonstrated superior performance over the two distributed PID controls, thanks to the better setpoint tracking on the cell temperature, which is particularly evident when the ambient temperature deviates from the nominal condition. This is mainly explained by the capability of MPC in including the effects of non-linearities of the real system.

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