Relationship Between Cervical, Thoracic, and Lumbar Spinal Alignments in Automotive Seated Posture

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fusako Sato ◽  
Yusuke Miyazaki ◽  
Shigehiro Morikawa ◽  
Antonio Ferreiro Perez ◽  
Sylvia Schick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Column ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Spinal Alignment ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Seated Posture ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Lumbar Spinal ◽  
Cervical Spinal Alignment ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal alignments in one automotive occupant seated posture. An image dataset of the spinal column in the automotive seated posture, previously acquired by an upright open magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system, was re-analyzed in this study. Spinal alignments were presented by the geometrical centers of the vertebral bodies extracted from the image data. Cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal alignments were analyzed separately with multidimensional scaling (MDS). Based on distribution maps of cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal alignments created by MDS, representative spinal alignment patterns of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spines and the relationship between cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal alignments were investigated. As a result, this study found a correlation between cervical and thoracic spinal alignments in an automotive occupant seated posture. According to representative spinal alignment patterns illustrated by the distribution map of spinal alignments, subjects who had kyphotic cervical spinal alignment tended to have less kyphotic thoracic spinal alignment, while subjects who had lordotic cervical spinal alignment tended to have more kyphotic thoracic spinal alignment. For lumbar spinal alignments, no prominent relationship was found between cervical and thoracic spinal alignment in the seated condition of this study.

scholarly journals Relationship between muscle thickness and spinal column alignment in the standing and sitting positions

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Akihiro Ito ◽  
◽  
Yoshiaki Endo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Column ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Spinal Alignment ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Lumbar Level ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Relationship

The trunk muscles play a role in posture maintenance, but whether they are related to spinal alignment in different postures has only been investigated in young adults and not in the elderly who show age-related changes in the spine. This study aimed to determine the relationship between changes in spinal alignment and muscle thickness in three postures in healthy elderly subjects. Spinal mouse measurements of Spinal alignment and ultrasound measurements of the trunk muscles were performed in the standing, upright and slump sitting positions on healthy elderly individuals living in the community. Results showed significant differences in the sacral tilt, lumbar curvature, and overall tilt angles in the slump sitting position for spinal alignment, and significant differences were noted in muscle thickness between standing and upright sitting, standing and slump sitting, and standing and slump sitting, and upright and slump sitting for the spinal proprioceptive muscle (second lumbar level). In conclusion, there was no correlation between the two changes. It was suggested that the spine be viewed as a whole and not in parts, with muscle thickness changes. Keywords: Spine, postural difference, posture holding muscle.

Lipomeningocele associated with diplomyelia in a dog

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (05) ◽  
pp. 323-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nele Ondreka ◽  
Sara Malberg ◽  
Emma Laws ◽  
Martin Schmidt ◽  
Sabine Schulze
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Split Cord Malformation ◽  
Lumbar Spinal Cord ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Type I ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Subcutaneous Mass ◽  
Lumbar Spinal

SummaryA 2-year-old male neutered mixed breed dog with a body weight of 30 kg was presented for evaluation of a soft subcutaneous mass on the dorsal midline at the level of the caudal thoracic spine. A further clinical sign was intermittent pain on palpation of the area of the subcutaneous mass. The owner also described a prolonged phase of urination with repeated interruption and re-initiation of voiding. The findings of the neurological examination were consistent with a lesion localization between the 3rd thoracic and 3rd lumbar spinal cord segments. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a spina bifida with a lipomeningocele and diplomyelia (split cord malformation type I) at the level of thoracic vertebra 11 and 12 and secondary syringomyelia above the aforementioned defects in the caudal thoracic spinal cord. Surgical resection of the lipomeningocele via a hemilaminectomy was performed. After initial deterioration of the neurological status postsurgery with paraplegia and absent deep pain sensation the dog improved within 2 weeks to non-ambulatory paraparesis with voluntary urination. Six weeks postoperatively the dog was ambulatory, according to the owner. Two years after surgery the owner recorded that the dog showed a normal gait, a normal urination and no pain. Histopathological diagnosis of the biopsied material revealed a lipomeningocele which confirmed the radiological diagnosis.

The relationship between excursion of the diaphragm and curvatures of the spinal column in mouth breathing children

2008 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Chiao Yi ◽  
José R. Jardim ◽  
Daniel Paganini Inoue ◽  
Shirley S. N. Pignatari
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Column ◽  
Mouth Breathing ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Pituitary MRI characteristics in 297 acromegaly patients based on T2-weighted sequences

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iulia Potorac ◽  
Patrick Petrossians ◽  
Adrian F Daly ◽  
Franck Schillo ◽  
Claude Ben Slama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Population ◽  
Optic Chiasm ◽  
Research Priority ◽  
Maximal Diameter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Multimodal Management ◽  
Mri Characteristics ◽  
Weighted Sequences ◽  
The Relationship

Responses of GH-secreting adenomas to multimodal management of acromegaly vary widely between patients. Understanding the behavioral patterns of GH-secreting adenomas by identifying factors predictive of their evolution is a research priority. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between the T2-weighted adenoma signal on diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in acromegaly and clinical and biological features at diagnosis. An international, multicenter, retrospective analysis was performed using a large population of 297 acromegalic patients recently diagnosed with available diagnostic MRI evaluations. The study was conducted at ten endocrine tertiary referral centers. Clinical and biochemical characteristics, and MRI signal findings were evaluated. T2-hypointense adenomas represented 52.9% of the series, were smaller than their T2-hyperintense and isointense counterparts (P<0.0001), were associated with higher IGF1 levels (P=0.0001), invaded the cavernous sinus less frequently (P=0.0002), and rarely caused optic chiasm compression (P<0.0001). Acromegalic men tended to be younger at diagnosis than women (P=0.067) and presented higher IGF1 values (P=0.01). Although in total, adenomas had a predominantly inferior extension in 45.8% of cases, in men this was more frequent (P<0.0001), whereas in women optic chiasm compression of macroadenomas occurred more often (P=0.0067). Most adenomas (45.1%) measured between 11 and 20 mm in maximal diameter and bigger adenomas were diagnosed at younger ages (P=0.0001). The T2-weighted signal differentiates GH-secreting adenomas into subgroups with particular behaviors. This raises the question of whether the T2-weighted signal could represent a factor in the classification of acromegalic patients in future studies.

scholarly journals Colonic Volume Changes in Paediatric Constipation Compared to Normal Values Measured Using MRI

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 974
Author(s):  
Hayfa Sharif ◽  
Caroline L. Hoad ◽  
Nichola Abrehart ◽  
Penny A. Gowland ◽  
Robin C. Spiller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Symptom Reports ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Functional constipation in children is common. Management of this condition can be challenging and is often based on symptom reports. Increased, objective knowledge of colonic volume changes in constipation compared to health could provide additional information. However, very little data on paediatric colonic volume is available except from methods that are invasive or require unphysiological colonic preparations. Objectives: (1) To measure volumes of the undisturbed colon in children with functional constipation (FC) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and provide initial normal range values for healthy controls, and (2) to investigate possible correlation of colonic volume with whole gut transit time (WGTT). Methods: Total and regional (ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid, and rectum) colon volumes were measured from MRI images of 35 participants aged 7–18 years (16 with FC and 19 healthy controls), and corrected for body surface area. Linear regression was used to explore the relationship between total colon volume and WGTT. Results: Total colonic volume was significantly higher, with a median (interquartile range) of 309 mL (243–384 mL) for the FC group than for the healthy controls of 227 mL (180–263 mL). The largest increase between patients and controls was in the sigmoid colon–rectum region. In a linear regression model, there was a positive significant correlation between total colonic volume and WGTT (R = 0.56, p = 0.0005). Conclusions: This initial study shows increased volumes of the colon in children with FC, in a physiological state, without use of any bowel preparation. Increased knowledge of colonic morphology may improve understanding of FC in this age group and help to direct treatment.

scholarly journals Validating Linear Systems Analysis for Laminar fMRI: Temporal Additivity for Stimulus Duration Manipulations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelle A. van Dijk ◽  
Alessio Fracasso ◽  
Natalia Petridou ◽  
Serge O. Dumoulin
Keyword(s):  
Systems Theory ◽  
Linear Systems ◽  
Blood Oxygenation ◽  
Ultra High Field ◽  
Feedback Information ◽  
Oxygenation Level ◽  
Early Visual Cortex ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractAdvancements in ultra-high field (7 T and higher) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners have made it possible to investigate both the structure and function of the human brain at a sub-millimeter scale. As neuronal feedforward and feedback information arrives in different layers, sub-millimeter functional MRI has the potential to uncover information processing between cortical micro-circuits across cortical depth, i.e. laminar fMRI. For nearly all conventional fMRI analyses, the main assumption is that the relationship between local neuronal activity and the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal adheres to the principles of linear systems theory. For laminar fMRI, however, directional blood pooling across cortical depth stemming from the anatomy of the cortical vasculature, potentially violates these linear system assumptions, thereby complicating analysis and interpretation. Here we assess whether the temporal additivity requirement of linear systems theory holds for laminar fMRI. We measured responses elicited by viewing stimuli presented for different durations and evaluated how well the responses to shorter durations predicted those elicited by longer durations. We find that BOLD response predictions are consistently good predictors for observed responses, across all cortical depths, and in all measured visual field maps (V1, V2, and V3). Our results suggest that the temporal additivity assumption for linear systems theory holds for laminar fMRI. We thus show that the temporal additivity assumption holds across cortical depth for sub-millimeter gradient-echo BOLD fMRI in early visual cortex.

Bone-related disorders of the jaw: A clinico-radiological diagnostic algorithm

2021 ◽  
pp. 197140092199896
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abdel Khalek Abdel Razek
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Specific Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions ◽  
Lesion Extension ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ct And Mri

Bone-related disorders of the jaw (BRDJ) include a spectrum of non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions of the maxillofacial region that have been recently classified into fibro-osseous lesions, giant cell lesions and osseous tumours. The histopathological features of BRDJ can be similar and overlie each other. Imaging is important in order to reach a specific diagnosis. However, the appearance of BRDJ on imaging is non-specific in some cases. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are used for accurate localisation, characterisation of the tumour matrix, delineation of the lesion extension and establishment of the relation of BRDJ to the surrounding structures. Imaging is usually done to detect the relationship with the adjacent surrounding vital structures and to diagnose aggressive forms, malignant transformation and associated syndromes. The correlation of the demographic findings, the location and the clinical presentations with the imaging features are important for the diagnosis of BRDJ. The proposed clinico-radiological diagnostic algorithm with CT and MRI helps a specific diagnosis to be reached in some cases.

Is Dynamic Spino-Pelvic Alignment During Gait Associated with Quality of Life in Patients with Degenerative Lumbar Spinal Canal Stenosis?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Miura ◽  
Ryoji Tominaga ◽  
Keita Sato ◽  
Tatsuya Endo ◽  
Masumi Iwabuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Canal Stenosis ◽  
Lumbar Spinal Canal Stenosis ◽  
Canal Stenosis ◽  
Lumbar Spinal ◽  
Trunk Extension ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hip Extension ◽  
Dynamic Alignment ◽  
Spinal Flexion

Abstract This study aims to investigate the relationship between dynamic alignment of the spine and pelvis during gait and quality of life (QOL) in lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSS) patients. We evaluated QOL using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), trunk and hip muscle strength as physical function, static spinal alignment, and dynamic spinal/pelvic alignment during gait. The relationship between the ODI score and physical function or static and dynamic alignment were examined. A total of 30 preoperative patients with LSS were participated in this study. ODI score significantly correlated with trunk extension strength (r = -0.559, p = 0.002), hip extension strength (r = -0.473, p = 0.011), maximum flexion angle of spine during gait (r = -0.551, p = 0.002) and maximum anterior tilt angle of pelvis (r = 0.528, p = 0.004). Multiple regression analysis showed that trunk extension strength (standardized β; - 0.35), maximum spinal flexion angle (standardized β; - 0.51) and hip extension strength (standardized β; - 0.40) significantly affected the ODI score, with adjusted coefficient of determination of 0.62. The results of this study showed that the LSS patients with weak hip or trunk extensor muscles, a greater angle of pelvic tilt or a less spinal flexion during gait had a lower QOL.

scholarly journals Influence of Skeletal Muscle Mass and Spinal Alignment on Surgical Outcomes for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 556-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yawara Eguchi ◽  
Munetaka Suzuki ◽  
Hajime Yamanaka ◽  
Hiroshi Tamai ◽  
Tatsuya Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Spinal Stenosis ◽  
Lumbar Spinal Stenosis ◽  
Surgical Outcomes ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Spinal Alignment ◽  
Lumbar Spinal
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